ZnO microfiltration membranes for desalination by a vacuum flow-through evaporation method

Shailesh Dangwal; Ruochen Liu; Lyndon D. Bastatas; Elena Echeverria; Chengqian Huang; Yu Mao; David N. McLlroy; Sangil Han; Seok Jhin Kim

doi:10.3390/membranes9120156

ZnO microfiltration membranes for desalination by a vacuum flow-through evaporation method

Shailesh Dangwal
, Ruochen Liu
, Lyndon D. Bastatas
, Elena Echeverria
, Chengqian Huang
, Yu Mao
, David N. McLlroy
, Sangil Han
, Seok Jhin Kim

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

ZnO was deposited on macroporous α-alumina membranes via atomic layer deposition (ALD) to improve water flux by increasing their hydrophilicity and reducing mass transfer resistance through membrane pore channels. The deposition of ZnO was systemically performed for 4–128 cycles of ALD at 170 °C. Analysis of membrane surface by contact angles (CA) measurements revealed that the hydrophilicity of the ZnO ALD membrane was enhanced with increasing the number of ALD cycles. It was observed that a vacuum-assisted ‘flow-through’ evaporation method had significantly higher efficacy in comparison to conventional desalination methods. By using the vacuum-assisted ‘flow-through’ technique, the water flux of the ZnO ALD membrane (~170 L m⁻² h⁻¹) was obtained, which is higher than uncoated pristine membranes (92 L m⁻² h⁻¹). It was also found that ZnO ALD membranes substantially improved water flux while keeping excellent salt rejection rate (>99.9%). Ultrasonic membrane cleaning had considerable effect on reducing the membrane fouling.

Original language	English
Article number	156
Journal	Membranes
Volume	9
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes9120156
State	Published - Dec 2019
Externally published	Yes

Funding

Acknowledgments: The authors like to thank Oklahoma State University for sponsoring scholarships for Shailesh Dangwal through Summer 2019 Graduate College’s Robberson Summer Dissertation Fellowship/Research & Creative Activity Grant. Funding: This work was supported by Oklahoma State University; the Technology and Business Development Program (TBDP) and the United States Geological Survey (G16AP00077).

Keywords

Atomic layer deposition
Desalination
Hydrophilicity
Membrane
Zinc oxide

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title = "ZnO microfiltration membranes for desalination by a vacuum flow-through evaporation method",

abstract = "ZnO was deposited on macroporous α-alumina membranes via atomic layer deposition (ALD) to improve water flux by increasing their hydrophilicity and reducing mass transfer resistance through membrane pore channels. The deposition of ZnO was systemically performed for 4–128 cycles of ALD at 170 °C. Analysis of membrane surface by contact angles (CA) measurements revealed that the hydrophilicity of the ZnO ALD membrane was enhanced with increasing the number of ALD cycles. It was observed that a vacuum-assisted {\textquoteleft}flow-through{\textquoteright} evaporation method had significantly higher efficacy in comparison to conventional desalination methods. By using the vacuum-assisted {\textquoteleft}flow-through{\textquoteright} technique, the water flux of the ZnO ALD membrane (\textasciitilde{}170 L m−2 h−1) was obtained, which is higher than uncoated pristine membranes (92 L m−2 h−1). It was also found that ZnO ALD membranes substantially improved water flux while keeping excellent salt rejection rate (>99.9\%). Ultrasonic membrane cleaning had considerable effect on reducing the membrane fouling.",

keywords = "Atomic layer deposition, Desalination, Hydrophilicity, Membrane, Zinc oxide",

author = "Shailesh Dangwal and Ruochen Liu and Bastatas, \{Lyndon D.\} and Elena Echeverria and Chengqian Huang and Yu Mao and McLlroy, \{David N.\} and Sangil Han and Kim, \{Seok Jhin\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",

year = "2019",

month = dec,

doi = "10.3390/membranes9120156",

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T1 - ZnO microfiltration membranes for desalination by a vacuum flow-through evaporation method

AU - Dangwal, Shailesh

AU - Liu, Ruochen

AU - Bastatas, Lyndon D.

AU - Echeverria, Elena

AU - Huang, Chengqian

AU - Mao, Yu

AU - McLlroy, David N.

AU - Han, Sangil

AU - Kim, Seok Jhin

PY - 2019/12

Y1 - 2019/12

N2 - ZnO was deposited on macroporous α-alumina membranes via atomic layer deposition (ALD) to improve water flux by increasing their hydrophilicity and reducing mass transfer resistance through membrane pore channels. The deposition of ZnO was systemically performed for 4–128 cycles of ALD at 170 °C. Analysis of membrane surface by contact angles (CA) measurements revealed that the hydrophilicity of the ZnO ALD membrane was enhanced with increasing the number of ALD cycles. It was observed that a vacuum-assisted ‘flow-through’ evaporation method had significantly higher efficacy in comparison to conventional desalination methods. By using the vacuum-assisted ‘flow-through’ technique, the water flux of the ZnO ALD membrane (~170 L m−2 h−1) was obtained, which is higher than uncoated pristine membranes (92 L m−2 h−1). It was also found that ZnO ALD membranes substantially improved water flux while keeping excellent salt rejection rate (>99.9%). Ultrasonic membrane cleaning had considerable effect on reducing the membrane fouling.

AB - ZnO was deposited on macroporous α-alumina membranes via atomic layer deposition (ALD) to improve water flux by increasing their hydrophilicity and reducing mass transfer resistance through membrane pore channels. The deposition of ZnO was systemically performed for 4–128 cycles of ALD at 170 °C. Analysis of membrane surface by contact angles (CA) measurements revealed that the hydrophilicity of the ZnO ALD membrane was enhanced with increasing the number of ALD cycles. It was observed that a vacuum-assisted ‘flow-through’ evaporation method had significantly higher efficacy in comparison to conventional desalination methods. By using the vacuum-assisted ‘flow-through’ technique, the water flux of the ZnO ALD membrane (~170 L m−2 h−1) was obtained, which is higher than uncoated pristine membranes (92 L m−2 h−1). It was also found that ZnO ALD membranes substantially improved water flux while keeping excellent salt rejection rate (>99.9%). Ultrasonic membrane cleaning had considerable effect on reducing the membrane fouling.

KW - Atomic layer deposition

KW - Desalination

KW - Hydrophilicity

KW - Membrane

KW - Zinc oxide

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85075798970

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DO - 10.3390/membranes9120156

M3 - Article

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SN - 2077-0375

VL - 9

JO - Membranes

JF - Membranes

IS - 12

M1 - 156

ER -

ZnO microfiltration membranes for desalination by a vacuum flow-through evaporation method

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Keywords

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