X-ray fan beam coded aperture transmission and diffraction imaging for fast material analysis

Stefan Stryker; Joel A. Greenberg; Shannon J. McCall; Anuj J. Kapadia

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-90163-0

X-ray fan beam coded aperture transmission and diffraction imaging for fast material analysis

Stefan Stryker, Joel A. Greenberg, Shannon J. McCall, Anuj J. Kapadia

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

X-ray transmission imaging has been used in a variety of applications for high-resolution measurements based on shape and density. Similarly, X-ray diffraction (XRD) imaging has been used widely for molecular structure-based identification of materials. Combining these X-ray methods has the potential to provide high-resolution material identification, exceeding the capabilities of either modality alone. However, XRD imaging methods have been limited in application by their long measurement times and poor spatial resolution, which has generally precluded combined, rapid measurements of X-ray transmission and diffraction. In this work, we present a novel X-ray fan beam coded aperture transmission and diffraction imaging system, developed using commercially available components, for rapid and accurate non-destructive imaging of industrial and biomedical specimens. The imaging system uses a 160 kV Bremsstrahlung X-ray source while achieving a spatial resolution of ≈ 1 × 1 mm² and a spectral accuracy of > 95% with only 15 s exposures per 150 mm fan beam slice. Applications of this technology are reported in geological imaging, pharmaceutical inspection, and medical diagnosis. The performance of the imaging system indicates improved material differentiation relative to transmission imaging alone at scan times suitable for a variety of industrial and biomedical applications.

Original language	English
Article number	10585
Journal	Scientific Reports
Volume	11
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90163-0
State	Published - Dec 2021
Externally published	Yes

Funding

This work was supported in part by the North Carolina Biotechnology Center under award 2018-BIG-6511 and by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate, Office of University Programs, under Grant Award 18STEXP00001-03-02, formerly 2013-ST-061-ED0001. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. We would also like to thank Dr. Joshua Carpenter for assisting with the assembly of the X-ray fan beam coded aperture imaging system, Anna Stryker for the graphical design of Fig 1a, Richard Nappi/Bernie Jelinek of Duke University Physics Instrument Shop for guidance and assistance in manufacturing some of the imaging system parts, and Madelyn Greenberg for providing rock samples used for scanning.

Funders	Funder number
Office of University Programs	2013-ST-061-ED0001
U.S. Department of Homeland Security	18STEXP00001-03-02
North Carolina Biotechnology Center	2018-BIG-6511
Science and Technology Directorate

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abstract = "X-ray transmission imaging has been used in a variety of applications for high-resolution measurements based on shape and density. Similarly, X-ray diffraction (XRD) imaging has been used widely for molecular structure-based identification of materials. Combining these X-ray methods has the potential to provide high-resolution material identification, exceeding the capabilities of either modality alone. However, XRD imaging methods have been limited in application by their long measurement times and poor spatial resolution, which has generally precluded combined, rapid measurements of X-ray transmission and diffraction. In this work, we present a novel X-ray fan beam coded aperture transmission and diffraction imaging system, developed using commercially available components, for rapid and accurate non-destructive imaging of industrial and biomedical specimens. The imaging system uses a 160 kV Bremsstrahlung X-ray source while achieving a spatial resolution of ≈ 1 × 1 mm2 and a spectral accuracy of > 95% with only 15 s exposures per 150 mm fan beam slice. Applications of this technology are reported in geological imaging, pharmaceutical inspection, and medical diagnosis. The performance of the imaging system indicates improved material differentiation relative to transmission imaging alone at scan times suitable for a variety of industrial and biomedical applications.",

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X-ray fan beam coded aperture transmission and diffraction imaging for fast material analysis

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