Validation of SOLPS-ITER simulations with kinetic, fluid, and hybrid neutral models for JET-ILW low-confinement mode plasmas

JET Contributors

doi:10.1016/j.nme.2022.101247

Validation of SOLPS-ITER simulations with kinetic, fluid, and hybrid neutral models for JET-ILW low-confinement mode plasmas

JET Contributors

Power Exhaust and Particle Control

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9 Scopus citations

Abstract

For JET L-mode plasmas in low-recycling conditions (electron temperature at the outer strike point, T_e,ot≳30eV), SOLPS-ITER simulations agree within the error bars for the experimental profiles at the low-field side (LFS) divertor target. The peak Balmer-α (D_α) emission in the LFS divertor agrees within the error bars of the KS3 filterscope diagnostic, but is approximately 30% lower than the peak value of the KT1 spectrometer. Simulations have been performed with fluid, kinetic, and hybrid models for the neutrals. The large fluid-kinetic discrepancies of more than a factor 2 are successfully corrected by using a hybrid fluid-kinetic approach, for which kinetic atoms are transferred to the fluid population when the local Knudsen number of the atom becomes smaller than a user-defined transition Knudsen number Kn^t. The hybrid-kinetic discrepancies are limited to a few % for Kn^t≤100. When increasing the upstream density to high-recycling conditions, at the onset of detachment (T_e,ot≈5eV), the simulations predict more than a factor 2 lower peak ion saturation current to the LFS divertor than the experiments. Also the D_α emission is underpredicted with approximately a factor 2. For these high-recycling conditions, the fluid-kinetic discrepancies are limited to maximum 50%, which are again corrected by using the hybrid approach.

Original language	English
Article number	101247
Journal	Nuclear Materials and Energy
Volume	33
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2022.101247
State	Published - Oct 2022

Funding

This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium, funded by the European Union via the Euratom Research and Training Programme (Grant Agreement No 101052200 – EUROfusion). Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Commission. Neither the European Union nor the European Commission can be held responsible for them. W. Van Uytven is funded by a PhD fellowship of the Research Foundation - Flanders . The computational resources and services used in this work were provided by the VSC (Flemish Supercomputer Center), funded by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) and the Flemish Government - department EWI .

Funders	Funder number
Flemish Government - department EWI
Vlaams Supercomputer Centrum
European Commission	101052200 – EUROfusion
Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek

Keywords

Code validation
JET
Neutral models
Plasma edge modeling

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.nme.2022.101247

Cite this

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title = "Validation of SOLPS-ITER simulations with kinetic, fluid, and hybrid neutral models for JET-ILW low-confinement mode plasmas",

abstract = "For JET L-mode plasmas in low-recycling conditions (electron temperature at the outer strike point, Te,ot≳30eV), SOLPS-ITER simulations agree within the error bars for the experimental profiles at the low-field side (LFS) divertor target. The peak Balmer-α (Dα) emission in the LFS divertor agrees within the error bars of the KS3 filterscope diagnostic, but is approximately 30% lower than the peak value of the KT1 spectrometer. Simulations have been performed with fluid, kinetic, and hybrid models for the neutrals. The large fluid-kinetic discrepancies of more than a factor 2 are successfully corrected by using a hybrid fluid-kinetic approach, for which kinetic atoms are transferred to the fluid population when the local Knudsen number of the atom becomes smaller than a user-defined transition Knudsen number Knt. The hybrid-kinetic discrepancies are limited to a few % for Knt≤100. When increasing the upstream density to high-recycling conditions, at the onset of detachment (Te,ot≈5eV), the simulations predict more than a factor 2 lower peak ion saturation current to the LFS divertor than the experiments. Also the Dα emission is underpredicted with approximately a factor 2. For these high-recycling conditions, the fluid-kinetic discrepancies are limited to maximum 50%, which are again corrected by using the hybrid approach.",

keywords = "Code validation, JET, Neutral models, Plasma edge modeling",

author = "{JET Contributors} and N. Horsten and M. Groth and W. Dekeyser and {Van Uytven}, W. and S. Aleiferis and S. Carli and J. Karhunen and Lawson, {K. D.} and B. Lomanowski and Meigs, {A. G.} and S. Menmuir and A. Shaw and V. Solokha and B. Thomas",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors",

year = "2022",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.nme.2022.101247",

language = "English",

volume = "33",

journal = "Nuclear Materials and Energy",

issn = "2352-1791",

publisher = "Elsevier",

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T1 - Validation of SOLPS-ITER simulations with kinetic, fluid, and hybrid neutral models for JET-ILW low-confinement mode plasmas

AU - JET Contributors

AU - Horsten, N.

AU - Groth, M.

AU - Dekeyser, W.

AU - Van Uytven, W.

AU - Aleiferis, S.

AU - Carli, S.

AU - Karhunen, J.

AU - Lawson, K. D.

AU - Lomanowski, B.

AU - Meigs, A. G.

AU - Menmuir, S.

AU - Shaw, A.

AU - Solokha, V.

AU - Thomas, B.

PY - 2022/10

Y1 - 2022/10

N2 - For JET L-mode plasmas in low-recycling conditions (electron temperature at the outer strike point, Te,ot≳30eV), SOLPS-ITER simulations agree within the error bars for the experimental profiles at the low-field side (LFS) divertor target. The peak Balmer-α (Dα) emission in the LFS divertor agrees within the error bars of the KS3 filterscope diagnostic, but is approximately 30% lower than the peak value of the KT1 spectrometer. Simulations have been performed with fluid, kinetic, and hybrid models for the neutrals. The large fluid-kinetic discrepancies of more than a factor 2 are successfully corrected by using a hybrid fluid-kinetic approach, for which kinetic atoms are transferred to the fluid population when the local Knudsen number of the atom becomes smaller than a user-defined transition Knudsen number Knt. The hybrid-kinetic discrepancies are limited to a few % for Knt≤100. When increasing the upstream density to high-recycling conditions, at the onset of detachment (Te,ot≈5eV), the simulations predict more than a factor 2 lower peak ion saturation current to the LFS divertor than the experiments. Also the Dα emission is underpredicted with approximately a factor 2. For these high-recycling conditions, the fluid-kinetic discrepancies are limited to maximum 50%, which are again corrected by using the hybrid approach.

AB - For JET L-mode plasmas in low-recycling conditions (electron temperature at the outer strike point, Te,ot≳30eV), SOLPS-ITER simulations agree within the error bars for the experimental profiles at the low-field side (LFS) divertor target. The peak Balmer-α (Dα) emission in the LFS divertor agrees within the error bars of the KS3 filterscope diagnostic, but is approximately 30% lower than the peak value of the KT1 spectrometer. Simulations have been performed with fluid, kinetic, and hybrid models for the neutrals. The large fluid-kinetic discrepancies of more than a factor 2 are successfully corrected by using a hybrid fluid-kinetic approach, for which kinetic atoms are transferred to the fluid population when the local Knudsen number of the atom becomes smaller than a user-defined transition Knudsen number Knt. The hybrid-kinetic discrepancies are limited to a few % for Knt≤100. When increasing the upstream density to high-recycling conditions, at the onset of detachment (Te,ot≈5eV), the simulations predict more than a factor 2 lower peak ion saturation current to the LFS divertor than the experiments. Also the Dα emission is underpredicted with approximately a factor 2. For these high-recycling conditions, the fluid-kinetic discrepancies are limited to maximum 50%, which are again corrected by using the hybrid approach.

KW - Code validation

KW - JET

KW - Neutral models

KW - Plasma edge modeling

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U2 - 10.1016/j.nme.2022.101247

DO - 10.1016/j.nme.2022.101247

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85138106839

SN - 2352-1791

VL - 33

JO - Nuclear Materials and Energy

JF - Nuclear Materials and Energy

M1 - 101247

ER -

Validation of SOLPS-ITER simulations with kinetic, fluid, and hybrid neutral models for JET-ILW low-confinement mode plasmas

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

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