Universal Ligands for Dispersion of Two-Dimensional MXene in Organic Solvents

Tae Yun Ko; Daesin Kim; Seon Joon Kim; Hyerim Kim; Arun S. Nissimagoudar; Seung Cheol Lee; Xiaobo Lin; Peter T. Cummings; Sehyun Doo; Seongmin Park; Tufail Hassan; Taegon Oh; Ari Chae; Jihoon Lee; Yury Gogotsi; Insik In; Chong Min Koo

doi:10.1021/acsnano.2c08209

Universal Ligands for Dispersion of Two-Dimensional MXene in Organic Solvents

Tae Yun Ko
, Daesin Kim
, Seon Joon Kim
, Hyerim Kim
, Arun S. Nissimagoudar
, Seung Cheol Lee
, Xiaobo Lin
, Peter T. Cummings
, Sehyun Doo
, Seongmin Park
, Tufail Hassan
, Taegon Oh
, Ari Chae
, Jihoon Lee
, Yury Gogotsi
, Insik In
, Chong Min Koo

Carbon and Composites

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

71 Scopus citations

Abstract

Ligands can control the surface chemistry, physicochemical properties, processing, and applications of nanomaterials. MXenes are the fastest growing family of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, showing promise for energy, electronic, and environmental applications. However, complex oxidation states, surface terminal groups, and interaction with the environment have hindered the development of organic ligands suitable for MXenes. Here, we demonstrate a simple, fast, scalable, and universally applicable ligand chemistry for MXenes using alkylated 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine (ADOPA). Due to the strong hydrogen-bonding and π-electron interactions between the catechol head and surface terminal groups of MXenes and the presence of a hydrophobic fluorinated alkyl tail compatible with organic solvents, the ADOPA ligands functionalize MXene surfaces under mild reaction conditions without sacrificing their properties. Stable colloidal solutions and highly concentrated liquid crystals of various MXenes, including Ti₂CT_x, Nb₂CT_x, V₂CT_x, Mo₂CT_x, Ti₃C₂T_x, Ti₃CNT_x, Mo₂TiC₂T_x, Mo₂Ti₂C₃T_x, and Ti₄N₃T_x, have been produced in various organic solvents. Such products offer excellent electrical conductivity, improved oxidation stability, and excellent processability, enabling applications in flexible electrodes and electromagnetic interference shielding.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1112-1119
Number of pages	8
Journal	ACS Nano
Volume	17
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.2c08209
State	Published - Jan 24 2023

Funding

This work was supported by grants from the Basic Science Research Program (2022R1A2C3006277 and 2021M3H4A1A03047327) through the National Research Foundation of Korea, funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, and the Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program (20020855) funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Republic of Korea. This work was supported by a National Research Council of Science & Technology (NST) grant by the Korea Government (MSIT) (CRC22031-000). This work was partially supported by a start-up fund (S-2022-0096-000) from Sungkyunkwan University. This work was partially supported by the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST). This research was also partially supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2018R1A6A1A03023788 and 2019R1A2C1010692). The collaboration between Drexel University and KIST was supported by the Global Research and Development Center Program (NNFC-Drexel-SMU FIRST Nano Co-op Centre, 2015K1A4A3047100). This work was also supported as part of the Fluid Interface Reactions, Structures and Transport (FIRST) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Wei Zhao and Ray Matsumoto are acknowledged for their helpful discussion.

Keywords

electrically conductive MXene organic ink
ligand chemistry
MXene
organic dispersion
surface functionalization
two-dimensional (2D) materials

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10.1021/acsnano.2c08209

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title = "Universal Ligands for Dispersion of Two-Dimensional MXene in Organic Solvents",

abstract = "Ligands can control the surface chemistry, physicochemical properties, processing, and applications of nanomaterials. MXenes are the fastest growing family of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, showing promise for energy, electronic, and environmental applications. However, complex oxidation states, surface terminal groups, and interaction with the environment have hindered the development of organic ligands suitable for MXenes. Here, we demonstrate a simple, fast, scalable, and universally applicable ligand chemistry for MXenes using alkylated 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine (ADOPA). Due to the strong hydrogen-bonding and π-electron interactions between the catechol head and surface terminal groups of MXenes and the presence of a hydrophobic fluorinated alkyl tail compatible with organic solvents, the ADOPA ligands functionalize MXene surfaces under mild reaction conditions without sacrificing their properties. Stable colloidal solutions and highly concentrated liquid crystals of various MXenes, including Ti2CTx, Nb2CTx, V2CTx, Mo2CTx, Ti3C2Tx, Ti3CNTx, Mo2TiC2Tx, Mo2Ti2C3Tx, and Ti4N3Tx, have been produced in various organic solvents. Such products offer excellent electrical conductivity, improved oxidation stability, and excellent processability, enabling applications in flexible electrodes and electromagnetic interference shielding.",

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author = "Ko, \{Tae Yun\} and Daesin Kim and Kim, \{Seon Joon\} and Hyerim Kim and Nissimagoudar, \{Arun S.\} and Lee, \{Seung Cheol\} and Xiaobo Lin and Cummings, \{Peter T.\} and Sehyun Doo and Seongmin Park and Tufail Hassan and Taegon Oh and Ari Chae and Jihoon Lee and Yury Gogotsi and Insik In and Koo, \{Chong Min\}",

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AU - Ko, Tae Yun

AU - Kim, Daesin

AU - Kim, Seon Joon

AU - Kim, Hyerim

AU - Nissimagoudar, Arun S.

AU - Lee, Seung Cheol

AU - Lin, Xiaobo

AU - Cummings, Peter T.

AU - Doo, Sehyun

AU - Park, Seongmin

AU - Hassan, Tufail

AU - Oh, Taegon

AU - Chae, Ari

AU - Lee, Jihoon

AU - Gogotsi, Yury

AU - In, Insik

AU - Koo, Chong Min

PY - 2023/1/24

Y1 - 2023/1/24

N2 - Ligands can control the surface chemistry, physicochemical properties, processing, and applications of nanomaterials. MXenes are the fastest growing family of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, showing promise for energy, electronic, and environmental applications. However, complex oxidation states, surface terminal groups, and interaction with the environment have hindered the development of organic ligands suitable for MXenes. Here, we demonstrate a simple, fast, scalable, and universally applicable ligand chemistry for MXenes using alkylated 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine (ADOPA). Due to the strong hydrogen-bonding and π-electron interactions between the catechol head and surface terminal groups of MXenes and the presence of a hydrophobic fluorinated alkyl tail compatible with organic solvents, the ADOPA ligands functionalize MXene surfaces under mild reaction conditions without sacrificing their properties. Stable colloidal solutions and highly concentrated liquid crystals of various MXenes, including Ti2CTx, Nb2CTx, V2CTx, Mo2CTx, Ti3C2Tx, Ti3CNTx, Mo2TiC2Tx, Mo2Ti2C3Tx, and Ti4N3Tx, have been produced in various organic solvents. Such products offer excellent electrical conductivity, improved oxidation stability, and excellent processability, enabling applications in flexible electrodes and electromagnetic interference shielding.

AB - Ligands can control the surface chemistry, physicochemical properties, processing, and applications of nanomaterials. MXenes are the fastest growing family of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, showing promise for energy, electronic, and environmental applications. However, complex oxidation states, surface terminal groups, and interaction with the environment have hindered the development of organic ligands suitable for MXenes. Here, we demonstrate a simple, fast, scalable, and universally applicable ligand chemistry for MXenes using alkylated 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine (ADOPA). Due to the strong hydrogen-bonding and π-electron interactions between the catechol head and surface terminal groups of MXenes and the presence of a hydrophobic fluorinated alkyl tail compatible with organic solvents, the ADOPA ligands functionalize MXene surfaces under mild reaction conditions without sacrificing their properties. Stable colloidal solutions and highly concentrated liquid crystals of various MXenes, including Ti2CTx, Nb2CTx, V2CTx, Mo2CTx, Ti3C2Tx, Ti3CNTx, Mo2TiC2Tx, Mo2Ti2C3Tx, and Ti4N3Tx, have been produced in various organic solvents. Such products offer excellent electrical conductivity, improved oxidation stability, and excellent processability, enabling applications in flexible electrodes and electromagnetic interference shielding.

KW - electrically conductive MXene organic ink

KW - ligand chemistry

KW - MXene

KW - organic dispersion

KW - surface functionalization

KW - two-dimensional (2D) materials

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85142315477

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DO - 10.1021/acsnano.2c08209

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85142315477

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EP - 1119

JO - ACS Nano

JF - ACS Nano

IS - 2

ER -

Universal Ligands for Dispersion of Two-Dimensional MXene in Organic Solvents

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