Understanding the structure–property relationships of the ferroelectric to relaxor transition of the (1 − x)BaTiO3–(x)BiInO3 lead-free piezoelectric system

Alicia Manjón-Sanz; Caitlin Berger; Michelle R. Dolgos

doi:10.1007/s10853-017-0770-x

Understanding the structure–property relationships of the ferroelectric to relaxor transition of the (1 − x)BaTiO₃–(x)BiInO₃ lead-free piezoelectric system

Alicia Manjón-Sanz, Caitlin Berger, Michelle R. Dolgos

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

A structural and electromechanical investigation has been performed on (1 − x)BaTiO₃–(x)BiInO₃ in the region 0.03 ≤ x ≤ 0.12. A gradual structural phase transition has been observed where the structure changes from tetragonal (P4mm) and passes through two regions of coexisting phases: (1) P4mm + R3m in the range 0.03 ≤ x ≤ 0.075 and (2) Pm3 ¯ m + R3m for 0.10 ≤ x ≤ 0.12. The properties also transition from ferroelectric (x ≤ 0.03) to relaxor ferroelectric (x ≥ 0.05) as the dielectric permittivity maximum becomes temperature and frequency dependent. This transition was also confirmed via polarization-electric field measurements as well as strain-electric field measurements. At the critical composition of x = 0.065, a moderate strain of ~0.104% and an effective piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃ ^*) of 260 pm/V were observed. The original purpose of this study was to demonstrate the polarization extension mechanism as predicted in the literature, but due to the ferroelectric to relaxor transition, this mechanism was not found to be present in this system. However, this demonstrates that BaTiO₃-based lead-free ceramics could be modified to obtain enhanced electromechanical properties for actuator applications.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	5309-5323
Number of pages	15
Journal	Journal of Materials Science
Volume	52
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-0770-x
State	Published - May 1 2017
Externally published	Yes

Funding

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR-1606909. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This research used resources at the Spallation Neutron Source, a DOE Office of Science User Facility operated by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. We would like to thank Saul Lapidus and Lynn Ribaud of 11-BM at the APS and Ashfia Huq, Pam Whitfield, and Melanie Kirkham of POWGEN at the SNS for their assistance with our mail-in samples. We would also like to thank David Cann at Oregon State University for use of his equipment for the permittivity measurements and helpful discussions.

Funders	Funder number
National Science Foundation	1606909, DMR-1606909
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science
Basic Energy Sciences	DE-AC02-06CH11357

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title = "Understanding the structure–property relationships of the ferroelectric to relaxor transition of the (1 − x)BaTiO3–(x)BiInO3 lead-free piezoelectric system",

abstract = "A structural and electromechanical investigation has been performed on (1 − x)BaTiO3–(x)BiInO3 in the region 0.03 ≤ x ≤ 0.12. A gradual structural phase transition has been observed where the structure changes from tetragonal (P4mm) and passes through two regions of coexisting phases: (1) P4mm + R3m in the range 0.03 ≤ x ≤ 0.075 and (2) Pm3 ¯ m + R3m for 0.10 ≤ x ≤ 0.12. The properties also transition from ferroelectric (x ≤ 0.03) to relaxor ferroelectric (x ≥ 0.05) as the dielectric permittivity maximum becomes temperature and frequency dependent. This transition was also confirmed via polarization-electric field measurements as well as strain-electric field measurements. At the critical composition of x = 0.065, a moderate strain of ~0.104% and an effective piezoelectric coefficient (d33 *) of 260 pm/V were observed. The original purpose of this study was to demonstrate the polarization extension mechanism as predicted in the literature, but due to the ferroelectric to relaxor transition, this mechanism was not found to be present in this system. However, this demonstrates that BaTiO3-based lead-free ceramics could be modified to obtain enhanced electromechanical properties for actuator applications.",

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Understanding the structure–property relationships of the ferroelectric to relaxor transition of the (1 − x)BaTiO₃–(x)BiInO₃ lead-free piezoelectric system

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