TY - JOUR
T1 - Understanding the electrochemical behavior of Sn(II) in choline chloride-ethylene glycol deep eutectic solvent for tin powders preparation
AU - Wang, Zhiwei
AU - Cheng, Mingqiang
AU - Bu, Jiaojiao
AU - Cheng, Lei
AU - Ru, Juanjian
AU - Hua, Yixin
AU - Wang, Ding
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Society of Powder Technology Japan
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - Tin is one of the vital substances in the material and chemical industry. Deep eutectic solvent (DES) possesses excellent physicochemical properties for metal preparation. In this study, the electrochemical behavior of Sn(II) and metallic tin preparation in choline chloride-ethylene glycol (ChCl-EG) DES were investigated. Linear sweep voltammetry is carried out to study the effects of substrate material (Ni, Cu, Pt, C, Fe, Al, W, glassy carbon (GC) and Ti), temperature (313–353 K) and SnCl2 concentration (10–100 mM) on the electrochemical behavior of Sn(II)/Sn. Results demonstrate that metallic tin is easier to be prepared on the Ni electrode, and increasing temperature and SnCl2 concentration both facilitate the reduction of Sn(II). Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) shows that the main form of Sn(II) is [SnCl3]-. Chronoamperometric tests indicate that with the increase of applied potential, the nucleation of Sn(II) on the nickel electrode becomes close to the instantaneous nucleation. Simultaneously, the nucleation rate and the number of active sites on the electrode surface increase significantly. Pure tin with a dendritic structure could be prepared with higher current efficiency of 96.4% and lower energy consumption of 320.5 kW·h·t−1 without any additives. All these studies provide a fundamental basis for the preparation of tin powders in ChCl-EG DES.
AB - Tin is one of the vital substances in the material and chemical industry. Deep eutectic solvent (DES) possesses excellent physicochemical properties for metal preparation. In this study, the electrochemical behavior of Sn(II) and metallic tin preparation in choline chloride-ethylene glycol (ChCl-EG) DES were investigated. Linear sweep voltammetry is carried out to study the effects of substrate material (Ni, Cu, Pt, C, Fe, Al, W, glassy carbon (GC) and Ti), temperature (313–353 K) and SnCl2 concentration (10–100 mM) on the electrochemical behavior of Sn(II)/Sn. Results demonstrate that metallic tin is easier to be prepared on the Ni electrode, and increasing temperature and SnCl2 concentration both facilitate the reduction of Sn(II). Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) shows that the main form of Sn(II) is [SnCl3]-. Chronoamperometric tests indicate that with the increase of applied potential, the nucleation of Sn(II) on the nickel electrode becomes close to the instantaneous nucleation. Simultaneously, the nucleation rate and the number of active sites on the electrode surface increase significantly. Pure tin with a dendritic structure could be prepared with higher current efficiency of 96.4% and lower energy consumption of 320.5 kW·h·t−1 without any additives. All these studies provide a fundamental basis for the preparation of tin powders in ChCl-EG DES.
KW - Deep eutectic solvents (DESs)
KW - Electrochemistry
KW - Electrodeposition
KW - Nucleation
KW - Tin
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85131912952&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.apt.2022.103670
DO - 10.1016/j.apt.2022.103670
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85131912952
SN - 0921-8831
VL - 33
JO - Advanced Powder Technology
JF - Advanced Powder Technology
IS - 8
M1 - 103670
ER -