Ultrathin nanosheets of CrSiTe3: A semiconducting two-dimensional ferromagnetic material

Ming Wei Lin; Houlong L. Zhuang; Jiaqiang Yan; Thomas Zac Ward; Alexander A. Puretzky; Christopher M. Rouleau; Zheng Gai; Liangbo Liang; Vincent Meunier; Bobby G. Sumpter; Panchapakesan Ganesh; Paul R.C. Kent; David B. Geohegan; David G. Mandrus; Kai Xiao

doi:10.1039/c5tc03463a

Ultrathin nanosheets of CrSiTe₃: A semiconducting two-dimensional ferromagnetic material

Ming Wei Lin, Houlong L. Zhuang, Jiaqiang Yan, Thomas Zac Ward, Alexander A. Puretzky, Christopher M. Rouleau, Zheng Gai, Liangbo Liang, Vincent Meunier, Bobby G. Sumpter, Panchapakesan Ganesh, Paul R.C. Kent, David B. Geohegan, David G. Mandrus, Kai Xiao

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Abstract

Finite range ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism in two-dimensional (2D) systems within an isotropic Heisenberg model at non-zero temperature were originally proposed to be impossible. However, recent theoretical studies using an Ising model have shown that 2D magnetic crystals can exhibit magnetism. Experimental verification of existing 2D magnetic crystals in this system has remained exploratory. In this work we exfoliated CrSiTe₃, a bulk ferromagnetic semiconductor, to mono- and few-layer 2D crystals onto a Si/SiO₂ substrate. Raman spectra indicate good stability and high quality of the exfoliated flakes, consistent with the computed phonon spectra of 2D CrSiTe₃, giving strong evidence for the existence of 2D CrSiTe₃ crystals. When the thickness of the CrSiTe₃ crystals is reduced to a few layers, we observed a clear change in resistivity at 80-120 K, consistent with theoretical calculations of the Curie temperature (T_c) of ∼80 K for the magnetic ordering of 2D CrSiTe₃ crystals. The ferromagnetic mono- and few-layer 2D CrSiTe₃ indicated here should enable numerous applications in nano-spintronics.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	315-322
Number of pages	8
Journal	Journal of Materials Chemistry C
Volume	4
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1039/c5tc03463a
State	Published - 2016

Funding

Device fabrication was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program (LDRD) project and Raman measurements were conducted at Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. DGM and JQY acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. NSF DMR-1410428. TZW acknowledge support from the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Materials Sciences and Engineering Division for PPMS measurements. HZ, PG, PRCK acknowledge support from LDRD project for theoretical calculations. LL was supported as a Eugene P. Wigner Fellow at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.

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Lin, M. W., Zhuang, H. L., Yan, J., Ward, T. Z., Puretzky, A. A., Rouleau, C. M., Gai, Z., Liang, L., Meunier, V., Sumpter, B. G., Ganesh, P., Kent, P. R. C., Geohegan, D. B., Mandrus, D. G., & Xiao, K. (2016). Ultrathin nanosheets of CrSiTe₃: A semiconducting two-dimensional ferromagnetic material. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 4(2), 315-322. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5tc03463a

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title = "Ultrathin nanosheets of CrSiTe3: A semiconducting two-dimensional ferromagnetic material",

abstract = "Finite range ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism in two-dimensional (2D) systems within an isotropic Heisenberg model at non-zero temperature were originally proposed to be impossible. However, recent theoretical studies using an Ising model have shown that 2D magnetic crystals can exhibit magnetism. Experimental verification of existing 2D magnetic crystals in this system has remained exploratory. In this work we exfoliated CrSiTe3, a bulk ferromagnetic semiconductor, to mono- and few-layer 2D crystals onto a Si/SiO2 substrate. Raman spectra indicate good stability and high quality of the exfoliated flakes, consistent with the computed phonon spectra of 2D CrSiTe3, giving strong evidence for the existence of 2D CrSiTe3 crystals. When the thickness of the CrSiTe3 crystals is reduced to a few layers, we observed a clear change in resistivity at 80-120 K, consistent with theoretical calculations of the Curie temperature (Tc) of ∼80 K for the magnetic ordering of 2D CrSiTe3 crystals. The ferromagnetic mono- and few-layer 2D CrSiTe3 indicated here should enable numerous applications in nano-spintronics.",

author = "Lin, {Ming Wei} and Zhuang, {Houlong L.} and Jiaqiang Yan and Ward, {Thomas Zac} and Puretzky, {Alexander A.} and Rouleau, {Christopher M.} and Zheng Gai and Liangbo Liang and Vincent Meunier and Sumpter, {Bobby G.} and Panchapakesan Ganesh and Kent, {Paul R.C.} and Geohegan, {David B.} and Mandrus, {David G.} and Kai Xiao",

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year = "2016",

doi = "10.1039/c5tc03463a",

language = "English",

volume = "4",

pages = "315--322",

journal = "Journal of Materials Chemistry C",

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AU - Lin, Ming Wei

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AU - Puretzky, Alexander A.

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AU - Gai, Zheng

AU - Liang, Liangbo

AU - Meunier, Vincent

AU - Sumpter, Bobby G.

AU - Ganesh, Panchapakesan

AU - Kent, Paul R.C.

AU - Geohegan, David B.

AU - Mandrus, David G.

AU - Xiao, Kai

PY - 2016

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N2 - Finite range ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism in two-dimensional (2D) systems within an isotropic Heisenberg model at non-zero temperature were originally proposed to be impossible. However, recent theoretical studies using an Ising model have shown that 2D magnetic crystals can exhibit magnetism. Experimental verification of existing 2D magnetic crystals in this system has remained exploratory. In this work we exfoliated CrSiTe3, a bulk ferromagnetic semiconductor, to mono- and few-layer 2D crystals onto a Si/SiO2 substrate. Raman spectra indicate good stability and high quality of the exfoliated flakes, consistent with the computed phonon spectra of 2D CrSiTe3, giving strong evidence for the existence of 2D CrSiTe3 crystals. When the thickness of the CrSiTe3 crystals is reduced to a few layers, we observed a clear change in resistivity at 80-120 K, consistent with theoretical calculations of the Curie temperature (Tc) of ∼80 K for the magnetic ordering of 2D CrSiTe3 crystals. The ferromagnetic mono- and few-layer 2D CrSiTe3 indicated here should enable numerous applications in nano-spintronics.

AB - Finite range ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism in two-dimensional (2D) systems within an isotropic Heisenberg model at non-zero temperature were originally proposed to be impossible. However, recent theoretical studies using an Ising model have shown that 2D magnetic crystals can exhibit magnetism. Experimental verification of existing 2D magnetic crystals in this system has remained exploratory. In this work we exfoliated CrSiTe3, a bulk ferromagnetic semiconductor, to mono- and few-layer 2D crystals onto a Si/SiO2 substrate. Raman spectra indicate good stability and high quality of the exfoliated flakes, consistent with the computed phonon spectra of 2D CrSiTe3, giving strong evidence for the existence of 2D CrSiTe3 crystals. When the thickness of the CrSiTe3 crystals is reduced to a few layers, we observed a clear change in resistivity at 80-120 K, consistent with theoretical calculations of the Curie temperature (Tc) of ∼80 K for the magnetic ordering of 2D CrSiTe3 crystals. The ferromagnetic mono- and few-layer 2D CrSiTe3 indicated here should enable numerous applications in nano-spintronics.

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Ultrathin nanosheets of CrSiTe₃: A semiconducting two-dimensional ferromagnetic material

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