Towards the Flexibility of HVDC-Interconnected Systems: A Novel Emergency Freqeuncy Response Model

Sufan Jiang, Linquan Bai, Hong Wang, Yaosuo Xue, Yonghao Gui, Ziwei Liang, Yuqing Dong

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contributionpeer-review

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a novel multi-time scale emergency frequency response model by unlocking the flexibility of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems. Unlike assigning power ramping rates for FACTS to regulate frequency in traditional methods, this paper designs a step-change electromagnetic power frequency response (EPFR) scheme, by leveraging the temporal over/under DC voltage capability of HVDC. Wherein the Kullback-Leibler Divergence is adopted to convexify the modified swing equation after integrating the step-change power. Further, to avoid the complicated differential equations, we equivalently reformulate the duration limits of DC voltage deviation into the HVDC decreasing power ramping rates, which participate in the system primary frequency response. Finally, the new steady-state operation level of HVDC is involved with the secondary frequency response. As a result, an improved three-level algorithm is developed to solve the model, wherein the instant step-change, primary, and secondary frequency response are coordinated together. After applying the proposed frequency response scheme on the test system, the EPFR is validated to effectively provide the most instantaneous supports when faced with bulk power loss due to extreme contingencies, and the resilience is ensured within acceptable expenditures.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publication2024 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2024
PublisherIEEE Computer Society
ISBN (Electronic)9798350381832
DOIs
StatePublished - 2024
Event2024 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2024 - Seattle, United States
Duration: Jul 21 2024Jul 25 2024

Publication series

NameIEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting
ISSN (Print)1944-9925
ISSN (Electronic)1944-9933

Conference

Conference2024 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2024
Country/TerritoryUnited States
CitySeattle
Period07/21/2407/25/24

Funding

This research is based upon work supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Electricity, Transmission Reliability and Renewable Integrations Program under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.

Keywords

  • HVDC systems
  • frequency response
  • interconnected systems
  • multi-time scale
  • step-change electromagnetic power

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