Abstract
In pursuit of low-carbon development, the production of diverse functional materials from renewable resources, especially lignocellulosic biomass, is of vital importance. Lignin is a major component of lignocellulose, and it is nature's only true high-volume aromatic polymer, which has the advantages of biodegradability, biocompatibility, and low acquisition cost. After modification by a variety of physicochemical strategies, it can be applied as an alternative to basic industrial materials, including polyurethanes, phenolic, and epoxy resins, which stands comparably to conventional synthetic polymers in terms of both performance and reduced cost. To further unlock the potential of lignin, an alluring opportunity is the exploitation of lignin for high-value materials, especially nanomaterials, that find extensive applications in energy and environment areas. This review provides a systematic summary and perspective of research that has been devoted to lignin transformation to high-value materials, ranging from industrially well-established engineering materials to the recently emerged nanomaterials that were used for energy and environment applications. Latest cutting-edge innovations on lignin modification, controlled depolymerization, and assembly during the last five years are summarized. Structure-function relationships of lignin materials in terms of their specific applications are analyzed. Furthermore, challenges and future opportunities for lignin conversion to high-value materials are also provided. We wish this review will stimulate further advances in lignin based high-value materials, and promote “waste” into “wealth”.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 116824 |
| Journal | Industrial Crops and Products |
| Volume | 200 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Sep 15 2023 |
Funding
This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China ( 2021YFA0716700 ), National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 22278422 ), and the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University Fund ( 1011-00109018 ). This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFA0716700), National Natural Science Foundation of China (22278422), and the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University Fund (1011-00109018). AJR and PY which to thank by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05–00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). The views and opinions of the authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. AJR and PY which to thank by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05–00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| DOE Public Access Plan | |
| United States Government | |
| U.S. Department of Energy | |
| UT-Battelle | DE-AC05–00OR22725 |
| National Natural Science Foundation of China | 22278422 |
| China Agricultural University | 1011-00109018 |
| National Key Research and Development Program of China | 2021YFA0716700 |
Keywords
- Chemical modifications
- Functional materials
- Lignin
- Nanomaterials
