Time-Resolved Hanbury Brown-Twiss Interferometry of On-Chip Biphoton Frequency Combs Using Vernier Phase Modulation

Karthik V. Myilswamy, Suparna Seshadri, Hsuan Hao Lu, Mohammed S. Alshaykh, Junqiu Liu, Tobias J. Kippenberg, Andrew M. Weiner, Joseph M. Lukens

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Biphoton frequency combs (BFCs) are promising quantum sources for large-scale and high-dimensional quantum information and networking systems. In this context, the spectral purity of individual frequency bins will be critical for realizing quantum networking protocols like teleportation and entanglement swapping. Measurement of the temporal autocorrelation function of the unheralded signal or idler photons comprising the BFC is a key tool for characterizing their spectral purity and in turn verifying the utility of the biphoton state for networking protocols. Yet the experimentally obtainable precision for measuring BFC correlation functions is often severely limited by detector jitter. The fine temporal features in the correlation function - not only of practical value in quantum information, but also of fundamental interest in the study of quantum optics - are lost as a result. We propose a scheme to circumvent this challenge through electro-optic phase modulation, experimentally demonstrating time-resolved Hanbury Brown-Twiss characterization of BFCs generated from an integrated 40.5-GHz Si3N4 microring, up to a 3×3-dimensional two-qutrit Hilbert space. Through slight detuning of the electro-optic drive frequency from the comb's free spectral range, our approach leverages Vernier principles to magnify temporal features, which would otherwise be averaged out by detector jitter. We demonstrate our approach under both continuous-wave and pulsed-pumping regimes, finding excellent agreement with theory. Our method reveals not only the collective statistics of the contributing frequency bins but also their temporal shapes - features lost in standard fully integrated autocorrelation measurements.

Original languageEnglish
Article number034019
JournalPhysical Review Applied
Volume19
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 2023

Funding

This research is performed in part at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Funding is provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (ERKJ353); the National Science Foundation (1839191-ECCS, 2034019-ECCS); the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-19-1-0250); and the Swiss National Science Foundation (176563). K.V.M. acknowledges support from the QISE-NET fellowship program of the National Science Foundation (DMR-1747426). M.S.A. acknowledges support from the Researchers Supporting Project number (RSPD2023R613), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The samples are fabricated in the EPFL Center of MicroNanoTechnology (CMi). We thank D.E. Leaird for technical assistance.

FundersFunder number
QISE-NETRSPD2023R613, DMR-1747426
National Science Foundation1839191-ECCS, 2034019-ECCS
U.S. Department of EnergyDE-AC05-00OR22725, ERKJ353
Air Force Office of Scientific ResearchFA9550-19-1-0250
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung176563
King Saud University

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