Abstract
Yield-stress support bath-enabled three-dimensional (3D) printing has been widely used in recent years for diverse applications. However, current yield-stress fluids usually possess single microstructures and still face the challenges of on-demand adding and/or removing support bath materials during printing, constraining their application scope. This study aims to propose a concept of stimuli-responsive yield-stress fluids with an interactive dual microstructure as support bath materials. The microstructure from a yield-stress additive allows the fluids to present switchable states at different stresses, facilitating an embedded 3D printing process. The microstructure from stimuli-responsive polymers enables the fluids to have regulable rheological properties upon external stimuli, making it feasible to perfuse additional yield-stress fluids during printing and easily remove residual fluids after printing. A nanoclay-Pluronic F127 nanocomposite is studied as a thermosensitive yield-stress fluid. The key material properties are characterized to unveil the interactions in the formed dual microstructure and microstructure evolutions at different stresses and temperatures. Core scientific issues, including the filament formation principle, surface roughness control, and thermal effects of the newly added nanocomposite, are comprehensively investigated. Finally, three representative 3D structures, the Hall of Prayer, capsule, and tube with changing diameter, are successfully printed to validate the printing capability of stimuli-responsive yield-stress fluids for fabricating arbitrary architectures.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 39420-39431 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces |
| Volume | 14 |
| Issue number | 34 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Aug 31 2022 |
Funding
The TEM research was conducted as part of a user project at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is a US Department of Energy, Office of Science User Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This research also used resources at the Spallation Neutron Source, a Department of Energy, Office of Science User Facility operated by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Y.Y. and Y.J. acknowledge the University of Nevada, Reno for the startup financial support. The TEM research was conducted as part of a user project at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is a US Department of Energy, Office of Science User Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This research also used resources at the Spallation Neutron Source, a Department of Energy, Office of Science User Facility operated by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Y.Y. and Y.J. acknowledge the University of Nevada, Reno for the startup financial support.*%blankline%*
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| U.S. Department of Energy | |
| Office of Science | |
| Oak Ridge National Laboratory | |
| University of Nevada, Reno |
Keywords
- interactive dual microstructure
- microstructure evolution
- stimuli-responsive polymer
- support bath-enabled 3D printing
- yield-stress fluid