Abstract
Redox-active polymers (RAPs) are promising organic electrode materials for affordable and sustainable batteries due to their flexible chemical structures and negligible solubility in the electrolyte. Developing high-dimensional RAPs with porous structures and crosslinkers can further improve their stability and redox capability by reducing the solubility and enhancing reaction kinetics. This work reports two three-dimensional (3D) RAPs as stable organic cathodes in Na-ion batteries (NIBs) and K-ion batteries (KIBs). Carbonyl functional groups are incorporated into the repeating units of the RAPs by the polycondensation of Tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)methane and two different dianhydrides. The RAPs with interconnected 3D extended conjugation structures undergo multi-electron redox reactions and exhibit high performance in both NIBs and KIBs in terms of long cycle life (up to 8000 cycles) and fast charging capability (up to 2 A g−1). The results demonstrate that developing 3D RAPs is an effective strategy to achieve high-performance, affordable, and sustainable NIBs and KIBs.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | e202300472 |
| Journal | Batteries and Supercaps |
| Volume | 7 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Feb 2024 |
Funding
This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation Award No. 2142003. The authors also acknowledge the support from the George Mason University Quantum Science & Engineering Center. We gratefully acknowledge support from the Post Test Facility at Argonne National Laboratory, which is operated for the DOE Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO) by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under contract number DE‐AC02‐06CH11357. We thank the NSF (NSF‐1726058) for funding a solid‐state NMR spectrometer. Ms. Kaitlyn Vi‐khanh Ta is acknowledged for technical assistance.
Keywords
- K-ion batteries
- Na-ion batteries
- cathodes
- fast-charging batteries
- redox-active polymers