The upgrade of the ALICE TPC with GEMs and continuous readout

Alice Tpc Collaboration; J. Adolfsson; M. Ahmed; S. Aiola; J. Alme; T. Alt; W. Amend; F. Anastasopoulos; C. Andrei; M. Angelsmark; V. Anguelov; A. Anjam; H. Appelshauser; V. Aprodu; O. Arnold; M. Arslandok; D. Baitinger; M. Ball; G. G. Barnaföldi; E. Bartsch; P. Becht; R. Bellwied; A. Berdnikova; M. Berger; N. Bialas; P. Bialas; S. Biswas; B. Blidaru; L. Boldizsár; L. Bratrud; P. Braun-Munzinger; M. Bregant; C. L. Britton; S. Brucker; E. J. Brücken; H. Büsching; R. Soto Camacho; A. L. Campos; G. Caragheorgheopol; D. D. Carvalho; A. J. Castro; P. Chatzidaki; P. Christiansen; L. G. Clonts; T. M. Cormier; A. L.D. Couto; H. G.A. Cubas; A. Deisting; P. Dhankher; S. Dittrich; V. Duta; R. Ehlers; M. Engel; M. N. Ericson; N. B. Ezell; L. Fabbietti; F. Flor; G. Föhner; U. Frankenfeld; E. Futo; J. J. Gaardhoje; M. G. Munhoz; C. Garabatos; P. Gasik; T. Geiger; A. Gera; P. Glassel; D. J.Q. Goh; O. Grachov; A. Grein; M. Gul; T. Gunji; M. Habib; H. Hamagaki; G. Hamar; J. C. Hansen; A. Harlenderova; J. W. Harris; S. Hassan; P. Hauer; S. Hayashi; S. T. Heckel; J. Hehner; J. K. Heino; E. Hellbar; H. Helstrup; A. Herghelegiu; L. Hernandes Da Costa Porto; R. A. Hernandez; H. D. Hernandez Herrera; T. Herold; T. E. Hilden; B. Hohlweger; S. Hornung; C. Hughes; S. Hummel; M. Ivanov; J. Jung; M. Jung; D. Just; E. Kangasaho; L. Karayan; B. Ketzer; S. Kirsch; M. Kleiner; T. Klemenz; S. Klewin; A. G. Knospe; E. Koskinen; M. Kowalski; L. Kreis; M. Krüger; N. Kupfer; R. Lang; L. Lautner; M. Lesch; Y. Lesenechal; F. Liebske; C. Lippmann; V. Litichevskyi; M. Ljunggren; W. J. Llope; S. Mahmood; T. Mahmoud; R. D. Majka; C. Markert; J. Martinez; T. A. Martins; S. Masciocchi; A. Mathis; O. Matonoha; Y. Matsuyama; A. Matyja; M. Meres; D. L. Mihaylov; D. Miśkowiec; T. Mittelstaedt; L. S. Montali; D. M. Moraes; C. Mordasini; T. Morhardt; S. Muley; J. Mulligan; R. H. Munzer; H. Murakami; K. Münning; A. Nassirpour; H. Natal Da Luz; C. Nattrass; R. A. Negrao De Oliveira; H. G. Neves; B. S. Nielsen; W. A.V. Noije; M. Ogino; A. C. Oliveira Da Silva; A. Oskarsson; J. Ottnad; K. Oyama; A. Onnerstad; L. Osterman; A. A. Pabon; Y. Pachmayer; G. Paić; J. Parkkila; S. Pathak; R. N. Patra; V. Peskov; M. Petris; M. Petrovici; M. Planinic; F. Pompei; L. Prodan; A. Radu; L. Radulescu; J. Rak; J. Rasson; V. Ratza; K. F. Read; A. Rehman; R. Renfordt; K. Roed; D. Röhrich; E. Rubio; T. Rudzki; A. Rusu; M. Saleh; B. C.S. Sanches; J. Schambach; S. Scheid; C. Schmidt; A. Schmier; H. Schulte; K. Schweda; D. Sekihata; N. Shimizu; S. Siebig; R. W.D. Silva; D. Silvermyr; D. Simpson; B. Sitar; N. Smirnov; T. Snellman; H. K. Soltveit; S. P. Sorensen; F. Sozzi; J. Stachel; A. Szabo; L. Šerkšnytė; Y. Takeuchi; G. Tambave; Y. Tanaka; K. Terasaki; R. J. Turpeinen; K. Ullaland; B. Ulukutlu; E. Umaka; A. Utrobicic; D. Varga; A. Vargas; M. Vargyas; R. Varma; O. Vazquez Rueda; A. Velure; S. Vereschagin; S. Vergara Limón; L. Vergara Urrutia; O. Vorbach; B. Voss; D. Vranic; R. J. Warmack; T. O. Weber; C. Weidlich; J. Wiechula; B. Windelband; S. Winkler; W. Witt

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/16/03/P03022

The upgrade of the ALICE TPC with GEMs and continuous readout

Alice Tpc Collaboration, J. Adolfsson, M. Ahmed, S. Aiola, J. Alme, T. Alt, W. Amend, F. Anastasopoulos, C. Andrei, M. Angelsmark, V. Anguelov, A. Anjam, H. Appelshauser, V. Aprodu, O. Arnold, M. Arslandok, D. Baitinger, M. Ball, G. G. Barnaföldi, E. BartschP. Becht, R. Bellwied, A. Berdnikova, M. Berger, N. Bialas, P. Bialas, S. Biswas, B. Blidaru, L. Boldizsár, L. Bratrud, P. Braun-Munzinger, M. Bregant, C. L. Britton, S. Brucker, E. J. Brücken, H. Büsching, R. Soto Camacho, A. L. Campos, G. Caragheorgheopol, D. D. Carvalho, A. J. Castro, P. Chatzidaki, P. Christiansen, L. G. Clonts, T. M. Cormier, A. L.D. Couto, H. G.A. Cubas, A. Deisting, P. Dhankher, S. Dittrich, V. Duta, R. Ehlers, M. Engel, M. N. Ericson, N. B. Ezell, L. Fabbietti, F. Flor, G. Föhner, U. Frankenfeld, E. Futo, J. J. Gaardhoje, M. G. Munhoz, C. Garabatos, P. Gasik, T. Geiger, A. Gera, P. Glassel, D. J.Q. Goh, O. Grachov, A. Grein, M. Gul, T. Gunji, M. Habib, H. Hamagaki, G. Hamar, J. C. Hansen, A. Harlenderova, J. W. Harris, S. Hassan, P. Hauer, S. Hayashi, S. T. Heckel, J. Hehner, J. K. Heino, E. Hellbar, H. Helstrup, A. Herghelegiu, L. Hernandes Da Costa Porto, R. A. Hernandez, H. D. Hernandez Herrera, T. Herold, T. E. Hilden, B. Hohlweger, S. Hornung, C. Hughes, S. Hummel, M. Ivanov, J. Jung, M. Jung, D. Just, E. Kangasaho, L. Karayan, B. Ketzer, S. Kirsch, M. Kleiner, T. Klemenz, S. Klewin, A. G. Knospe, E. Koskinen, M. Kowalski, L. Kreis, M. Krüger, N. Kupfer, R. Lang, L. Lautner, M. Lesch, Y. Lesenechal, F. Liebske, C. Lippmann, V. Litichevskyi, M. Ljunggren, W. J. Llope, S. Mahmood, T. Mahmoud, R. D. Majka, C. Markert, J. Martinez, T. A. Martins, S. Masciocchi, A. Mathis, O. Matonoha, Y. Matsuyama, A. Matyja, M. Meres, D. L. Mihaylov, D. Miśkowiec, T. Mittelstaedt, L. S. Montali, D. M. Moraes, C. Mordasini, T. Morhardt, S. Muley, J. Mulligan, R. H. Munzer, H. Murakami, K. Münning, A. Nassirpour, H. Natal Da Luz, C. Nattrass, R. A. Negrao De Oliveira, H. G. Neves, B. S. Nielsen, W. A.V. Noije, M. Ogino, A. C. Oliveira Da Silva, A. Oskarsson, J. Ottnad, K. Oyama, A. Onnerstad, L. Osterman, A. A. Pabon, Y. Pachmayer, G. Paić, J. Parkkila, S. Pathak, R. N. Patra, V. Peskov, M. Petris, M. Petrovici, M. Planinic, F. Pompei, L. Prodan, A. Radu, L. Radulescu, J. Rak, J. Rasson, V. Ratza, K. F. Read, A. Rehman, R. Renfordt, K. Roed, D. Röhrich, E. Rubio, T. Rudzki, A. Rusu, M. Saleh, B. C.S. Sanches, J. Schambach, S. Scheid, C. Schmidt, A. Schmier, H. Schulte, K. Schweda, D. Sekihata, N. Shimizu, S. Siebig, R. W.D. Silva, D. Silvermyr, D. Simpson, B. Sitar, N. Smirnov, T. Snellman, H. K. Soltveit, S. P. Sorensen, F. Sozzi, J. Stachel, A. Szabo, L. Šerkšnytė, Y. Takeuchi, G. Tambave, Y. Tanaka, K. Terasaki, R. J. Turpeinen, K. Ullaland, B. Ulukutlu, E. Umaka, A. Utrobicic, D. Varga, A. Vargas, M. Vargyas, R. Varma, O. Vazquez Rueda, A. Velure, S. Vereschagin, S. Vergara Limón, L. Vergara Urrutia, O. Vorbach, B. Voss, D. Vranic, R. J. Warmack, T. O. Weber, C. Weidlich, J. Wiechula, B. Windelband, S. Winkler, W. Witt

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

40 Scopus citations

Abstract

The upgrade of the ALICE TPC will allow the experiment to cope with the high interaction rates foreseen for the forthcoming Run 3 and Run 4 at the CERN LHC. In this article, we describe the design of new readout chambers and front-end electronics, which are driven by the goals of the experiment. Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors arranged in stacks containing four GEMs each, and continuous readout electronics based on the SAMPA chip, an ALICE development, are replacing the previous elements. The construction of these new elements, together with their associated quality control procedures, is explained in detail. Finally, the readout chamber and front-end electronics cards replacement, together with the commissioning of the detector prior to installation in the experimental cavern, are presented. After a nine-year period of R&D, construction, and assembly, the upgrade of the TPC was completed in 2020.

Original language	English
Article number	P03022
Journal	Journal of Instrumentation
Volume	16
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/03/P03022
State	Published - Mar 2021

Funding

Funders	Funder number
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science	19KK0077
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Keywords

CMOS readout of gaseous detectors
Gaseous imaging and tracking detectors
Micropattern gaseous detectors (MSGC, GEM, THGEM, RETHGEM, MHSP, MICROPIC, MICROMEGAS, InGrid, etc)
Time projection Chambers (TPC)

Access to Document

10.1088/1748-0221/16/03/P03022

Cite this

Tpc Collaboration, A., Adolfsson, J., Ahmed, M., Aiola, S., Alme, J., Alt, T., Amend, W., Anastasopoulos, F., Andrei, C., Angelsmark, M., Anguelov, V., Anjam, A., Appelshauser, H., Aprodu, V., Arnold, O., Arslandok, M., Baitinger, D., Ball, M., Barnaföldi, G. G., ... Witt, W. (2021). The upgrade of the ALICE TPC with GEMs and continuous readout. Journal of Instrumentation, 16(3), Article P03022. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/03/P03022

@article{fca00c953adb4463b30cf504eb52109f,

title = "The upgrade of the ALICE TPC with GEMs and continuous readout",

abstract = "The upgrade of the ALICE TPC will allow the experiment to cope with the high interaction rates foreseen for the forthcoming Run 3 and Run 4 at the CERN LHC. In this article, we describe the design of new readout chambers and front-end electronics, which are driven by the goals of the experiment. Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors arranged in stacks containing four GEMs each, and continuous readout electronics based on the SAMPA chip, an ALICE development, are replacing the previous elements. The construction of these new elements, together with their associated quality control procedures, is explained in detail. Finally, the readout chamber and front-end electronics cards replacement, together with the commissioning of the detector prior to installation in the experimental cavern, are presented. After a nine-year period of R&D, construction, and assembly, the upgrade of the TPC was completed in 2020.",

keywords = "CMOS readout of gaseous detectors, Gaseous imaging and tracking detectors, Micropattern gaseous detectors (MSGC, GEM, THGEM, RETHGEM, MHSP, MICROPIC, MICROMEGAS, InGrid, etc), Time projection Chambers (TPC)",

author = "{Tpc Collaboration}, Alice and J. Adolfsson and M. Ahmed and S. Aiola and J. Alme and T. Alt and W. Amend and F. Anastasopoulos and C. Andrei and M. Angelsmark and V. Anguelov and A. Anjam and H. Appelshauser and V. Aprodu and O. Arnold and M. Arslandok and D. Baitinger and M. Ball and Barnaf{\"o}ldi, {G. G.} and E. Bartsch and P. Becht and R. Bellwied and A. Berdnikova and M. Berger and N. Bialas and P. Bialas and S. Biswas and B. Blidaru and L. Boldizs{\'a}r and L. Bratrud and P. Braun-Munzinger and M. Bregant and Britton, {C. L.} and S. Brucker and Br{\"u}cken, {E. J.} and H. B{\"u}sching and {Soto Camacho}, R. and Campos, {A. L.} and G. Caragheorgheopol and Carvalho, {D. D.} and Castro, {A. J.} and P. Chatzidaki and P. Christiansen and Clonts, {L. G.} and Cormier, {T. M.} and Couto, {A. L.D.} and Cubas, {H. G.A.} and A. Deisting and P. Dhankher and S. Dittrich and V. Duta and R. Ehlers and M. Engel and Ericson, {M. N.} and Ezell, {N. B.} and L. Fabbietti and F. Flor and G. F{\"o}hner and U. Frankenfeld and E. Futo and Gaardhoje, {J. J.} and Munhoz, {M. G.} and C. Garabatos and P. Gasik and T. Geiger and A. Gera and P. Glassel and Goh, {D. J.Q.} and O. Grachov and A. Grein and M. Gul and T. Gunji and M. Habib and H. Hamagaki and G. Hamar and Hansen, {J. C.} and A. Harlenderova and Harris, {J. W.} and S. Hassan and P. Hauer and S. Hayashi and Heckel, {S. T.} and J. Hehner and Heino, {J. K.} and E. Hellbar and H. Helstrup and A. Herghelegiu and {Hernandes Da Costa Porto}, L. and Hernandez, {R. A.} and {Hernandez Herrera}, {H. D.} and T. Herold and Hilden, {T. E.} and B. Hohlweger and S. Hornung and C. Hughes and S. Hummel and M. Ivanov and J. Jung and M. Jung and D. Just and E. Kangasaho and L. Karayan and B. Ketzer and S. Kirsch and M. Kleiner and T. Klemenz and S. Klewin and Knospe, {A. G.} and E. Koskinen and M. Kowalski and L. Kreis and M. Kr{\"u}ger and N. Kupfer and R. Lang and L. Lautner and M. Lesch and Y. Lesenechal and F. Liebske and C. Lippmann and V. Litichevskyi and M. Ljunggren and Llope, {W. J.} and S. Mahmood and T. Mahmoud and Majka, {R. D.} and C. Markert and J. Martinez and Martins, {T. A.} and S. Masciocchi and A. Mathis and O. Matonoha and Y. Matsuyama and A. Matyja and M. Meres and Mihaylov, {D. L.} and D. Mi{\'s}kowiec and T. Mittelstaedt and Montali, {L. S.} and Moraes, {D. M.} and C. Mordasini and T. Morhardt and S. Muley and J. Mulligan and Munzer, {R. H.} and H. Murakami and K. M{\"u}nning and A. Nassirpour and {Natal Da Luz}, H. and C. Nattrass and {Negrao De Oliveira}, {R. A.} and Neves, {H. G.} and Nielsen, {B. S.} and Noije, {W. A.V.} and M. Ogino and {Oliveira Da Silva}, {A. C.} and A. Oskarsson and J. Ottnad and K. Oyama and A. Onnerstad and L. Osterman and Pabon, {A. A.} and Y. Pachmayer and G. Pai{\'c} and J. Parkkila and S. Pathak and Patra, {R. N.} and V. Peskov and M. Petris and M. Petrovici and M. Planinic and F. Pompei and L. Prodan and A. Radu and L. Radulescu and J. Rak and J. Rasson and V. Ratza and Read, {K. F.} and A. Rehman and R. Renfordt and K. Roed and D. R{\"o}hrich and E. Rubio and T. Rudzki and A. Rusu and M. Saleh and Sanches, {B. C.S.} and J. Schambach and S. Scheid and C. Schmidt and A. Schmier and H. Schulte and K. Schweda and D. Sekihata and N. Shimizu and S. Siebig and Silva, {R. W.D.} and D. Silvermyr and D. Simpson and B. Sitar and N. Smirnov and T. Snellman and Soltveit, {H. K.} and Sorensen, {S. P.} and F. Sozzi and J. Stachel and A. Szabo and L. {\v S}erk{\v s}nytė and Y. Takeuchi and G. Tambave and Y. Tanaka and K. Terasaki and Turpeinen, {R. J.} and K. Ullaland and B. Ulukutlu and E. Umaka and A. Utrobicic and D. Varga and A. Vargas and M. Vargyas and R. Varma and {Vazquez Rueda}, O. and A. Velure and S. Vereschagin and {Vergara Lim{\'o}n}, S. and {Vergara Urrutia}, L. and O. Vorbach and B. Voss and D. Vranic and Warmack, {R. J.} and Weber, {T. O.} and C. Weidlich and J. Wiechula and B. Windelband and S. Winkler and W. Witt",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 CERN for the benefit of the Alice collaboration..",

year = "2021",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1088/1748-0221/16/03/P03022",

language = "English",

volume = "16",

journal = "Journal of Instrumentation",

issn = "1748-0221",

publisher = "IOP Publishing",

number = "3",

}

Tpc Collaboration, A, Adolfsson, J, Ahmed, M, Aiola, S, Alme, J, Alt, T, Amend, W, Anastasopoulos, F, Andrei, C, Angelsmark, M, Anguelov, V, Anjam, A, Appelshauser, H, Aprodu, V, Arnold, O, Arslandok, M, Baitinger, D, Ball, M, Barnaföldi, GG, Bartsch, E, Becht, P, Bellwied, R, Berdnikova, A, Berger, M, Bialas, N, Bialas, P, Biswas, S, Blidaru, B, Boldizsár, L, Bratrud, L, Braun-Munzinger, P, Bregant, M, Britton, CL, Brucker, S, Brücken, EJ, Büsching, H, Soto Camacho, R, Campos, AL, Caragheorgheopol, G, Carvalho, DD, Castro, AJ, Chatzidaki, P, Christiansen, P, Clonts, LG, Cormier, TM, Couto, ALD, Cubas, HGA, Deisting, A, Dhankher, P, Dittrich, S, Duta, V, Ehlers, R, Engel, M, Ericson, MN , Ezell, NB, Fabbietti, L, Flor, F, Föhner, G, Frankenfeld, U, Futo, E, Gaardhoje, JJ, Munhoz, MG, Garabatos, C, Gasik, P, Geiger, T, Gera, A, Glassel, P, Goh, DJQ, Grachov, O, Grein, A, Gul, M, Gunji, T, Habib, M, Hamagaki, H, Hamar, G, Hansen, JC, Harlenderova, A, Harris, JW, Hassan, S, Hauer, P, Hayashi, S, Heckel, ST, Hehner, J, Heino, JK, Hellbar, E, Helstrup, H, Herghelegiu, A, Hernandes Da Costa Porto, L, Hernandez, RA, Hernandez Herrera, HD, Herold, T, Hilden, TE, Hohlweger, B, Hornung, S, Hughes, C, Hummel, S, Ivanov, M, Jung, J, Jung, M, Just, D, Kangasaho, E, Karayan, L, Ketzer, B, Kirsch, S, Kleiner, M, Klemenz, T, Klewin, S, Knospe, AG, Koskinen, E, Kowalski, M, Kreis, L, Krüger, M, Kupfer, N, Lang, R, Lautner, L, Lesch, M, Lesenechal, Y, Liebske, F, Lippmann, C, Litichevskyi, V, Ljunggren, M, Llope, WJ, Mahmood, S, Mahmoud, T, Majka, RD, Markert, C, Martinez, J, Martins, TA, Masciocchi, S, Mathis, A, Matonoha, O, Matsuyama, Y, Matyja, A, Meres, M, Mihaylov, DL, Miśkowiec, D, Mittelstaedt, T, Montali, LS, Moraes, DM, Mordasini, C, Morhardt, T, Muley, S, Mulligan, J, Munzer, RH, Murakami, H, Münning, K, Nassirpour, A, Natal Da Luz, H, Nattrass, C, Negrao De Oliveira, RA, Neves, HG, Nielsen, BS, Noije, WAV, Ogino, M, Oliveira Da Silva, AC, Oskarsson, A, Ottnad, J, Oyama, K, Onnerstad, A, Osterman, L, Pabon, AA, Pachmayer, Y, Paić, G, Parkkila, J, Pathak, S, Patra, RN, Peskov, V, Petris, M, Petrovici, M, Planinic, M, Pompei, F, Prodan, L, Radu, A, Radulescu, L, Rak, J, Rasson, J, Ratza, V, Read, KF, Rehman, A, Renfordt, R, Roed, K, Röhrich, D, Rubio, E, Rudzki, T, Rusu, A, Saleh, M, Sanches, BCS, Schambach, J, Scheid, S, Schmidt, C, Schmier, A, Schulte, H, Schweda, K, Sekihata, D, Shimizu, N, Siebig, S, Silva, RWD, Silvermyr, D, Simpson, D, Sitar, B, Smirnov, N, Snellman, T, Soltveit, HK, Sorensen, SP, Sozzi, F, Stachel, J, Szabo, A, Šerkšnytė, L, Takeuchi, Y, Tambave, G, Tanaka, Y, Terasaki, K, Turpeinen, RJ, Ullaland, K, Ulukutlu, B, Umaka, E, Utrobicic, A, Varga, D, Vargas, A, Vargyas, M, Varma, R, Vazquez Rueda, O, Velure, A, Vereschagin, S, Vergara Limón, S, Vergara Urrutia, L, Vorbach, O, Voss, B, Vranic, D, Warmack, RJ, Weber, TO, Weidlich, C, Wiechula, J, Windelband, B, Winkler, S & Witt, W 2021, 'The upgrade of the ALICE TPC with GEMs and continuous readout', Journal of Instrumentation, vol. 16, no. 3, P03022. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/03/P03022

TY - JOUR

T1 - The upgrade of the ALICE TPC with GEMs and continuous readout

AU - Tpc Collaboration, Alice

AU - Adolfsson, J.

AU - Ahmed, M.

AU - Aiola, S.

AU - Alme, J.

AU - Alt, T.

AU - Amend, W.

AU - Anastasopoulos, F.

AU - Andrei, C.

AU - Angelsmark, M.

AU - Anguelov, V.

AU - Anjam, A.

AU - Appelshauser, H.

AU - Aprodu, V.

AU - Arnold, O.

AU - Arslandok, M.

AU - Baitinger, D.

AU - Ball, M.

AU - Barnaföldi, G. G.

AU - Bartsch, E.

AU - Becht, P.

AU - Bellwied, R.

AU - Berdnikova, A.

AU - Berger, M.

AU - Bialas, N.

AU - Bialas, P.

AU - Biswas, S.

AU - Blidaru, B.

AU - Boldizsár, L.

AU - Bratrud, L.

AU - Braun-Munzinger, P.

AU - Bregant, M.

AU - Britton, C. L.

AU - Brucker, S.

AU - Brücken, E. J.

AU - Büsching, H.

AU - Soto Camacho, R.

AU - Campos, A. L.

AU - Caragheorgheopol, G.

AU - Carvalho, D. D.

AU - Castro, A. J.

AU - Chatzidaki, P.

AU - Christiansen, P.

AU - Clonts, L. G.

AU - Cormier, T. M.

AU - Couto, A. L.D.

AU - Cubas, H. G.A.

AU - Deisting, A.

AU - Dhankher, P.

AU - Dittrich, S.

AU - Duta, V.

AU - Ehlers, R.

AU - Engel, M.

AU - Ericson, M. N.

AU - Ezell, N. B.

AU - Fabbietti, L.

AU - Flor, F.

AU - Föhner, G.

AU - Frankenfeld, U.

AU - Futo, E.

AU - Gaardhoje, J. J.

AU - Munhoz, M. G.

AU - Garabatos, C.

AU - Gasik, P.

AU - Geiger, T.

AU - Gera, A.

AU - Glassel, P.

AU - Goh, D. J.Q.

AU - Grachov, O.

AU - Grein, A.

AU - Gul, M.

AU - Gunji, T.

AU - Habib, M.

AU - Hamagaki, H.

AU - Hamar, G.

AU - Hansen, J. C.

AU - Harlenderova, A.

AU - Harris, J. W.

AU - Hassan, S.

AU - Hauer, P.

AU - Hayashi, S.

AU - Heckel, S. T.

AU - Hehner, J.

AU - Heino, J. K.

AU - Hellbar, E.

AU - Helstrup, H.

AU - Herghelegiu, A.

AU - Hernandes Da Costa Porto, L.

AU - Hernandez, R. A.

AU - Hernandez Herrera, H. D.

AU - Herold, T.

AU - Hilden, T. E.

AU - Hohlweger, B.

AU - Hornung, S.

AU - Hughes, C.

AU - Hummel, S.

AU - Ivanov, M.

AU - Jung, J.

AU - Jung, M.

AU - Just, D.

AU - Kangasaho, E.

AU - Karayan, L.

AU - Ketzer, B.

AU - Kirsch, S.

AU - Kleiner, M.

AU - Klemenz, T.

AU - Klewin, S.

AU - Knospe, A. G.

AU - Koskinen, E.

AU - Kowalski, M.

AU - Kreis, L.

AU - Krüger, M.

AU - Kupfer, N.

AU - Lang, R.

AU - Lautner, L.

AU - Lesch, M.

AU - Lesenechal, Y.

AU - Liebske, F.

AU - Lippmann, C.

AU - Litichevskyi, V.

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PY - 2021/3

Y1 - 2021/3

N2 - The upgrade of the ALICE TPC will allow the experiment to cope with the high interaction rates foreseen for the forthcoming Run 3 and Run 4 at the CERN LHC. In this article, we describe the design of new readout chambers and front-end electronics, which are driven by the goals of the experiment. Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors arranged in stacks containing four GEMs each, and continuous readout electronics based on the SAMPA chip, an ALICE development, are replacing the previous elements. The construction of these new elements, together with their associated quality control procedures, is explained in detail. Finally, the readout chamber and front-end electronics cards replacement, together with the commissioning of the detector prior to installation in the experimental cavern, are presented. After a nine-year period of R&D, construction, and assembly, the upgrade of the TPC was completed in 2020.

AB - The upgrade of the ALICE TPC will allow the experiment to cope with the high interaction rates foreseen for the forthcoming Run 3 and Run 4 at the CERN LHC. In this article, we describe the design of new readout chambers and front-end electronics, which are driven by the goals of the experiment. Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors arranged in stacks containing four GEMs each, and continuous readout electronics based on the SAMPA chip, an ALICE development, are replacing the previous elements. The construction of these new elements, together with their associated quality control procedures, is explained in detail. Finally, the readout chamber and front-end electronics cards replacement, together with the commissioning of the detector prior to installation in the experimental cavern, are presented. After a nine-year period of R&D, construction, and assembly, the upgrade of the TPC was completed in 2020.

KW - CMOS readout of gaseous detectors

KW - Gaseous imaging and tracking detectors

KW - Micropattern gaseous detectors (MSGC, GEM, THGEM, RETHGEM, MHSP, MICROPIC, MICROMEGAS, InGrid, etc)

KW - Time projection Chambers (TPC)

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85103460261&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1088/1748-0221/16/03/P03022

DO - 10.1088/1748-0221/16/03/P03022

M3 - Review article

AN - SCOPUS:85103460261

SN - 1748-0221

VL - 16

JO - Journal of Instrumentation

JF - Journal of Instrumentation

IS - 3

M1 - P03022

ER -

The upgrade of the ALICE TPC with GEMs and continuous readout

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