The Splashback Feature around des Galaxy Clusters: Galaxy Density and Weak Lensing Profiles

C. Chang; E. Baxter; B. Jain; C. Sánchez; S. Adhikari; T. N. Varga; Y. Fang; E. Rozo; E. S. Rykoff; A. Kravtsov; D. Gruen; W. Hartley; E. M. Huff; M. Jarvis; A. G. Kim; J. Prat; N. MacCrann; T. McClintock; A. Palmese; D. Rapetti; R. P. Rollins; S. Samuroff; E. Sheldon; M. A. Troxel; R. H. Wechsler; Y. Zhang; J. Zuntz; T. M.C. Abbott; F. B. Abdalla; S. Allam; J. Annis; K. Bechtol; A. Benoit-Lévy; G. M. Bernstein; D. Brooks; E. Buckley-Geer; A. Carnero Rosell; M. Carrasco Kind; J. Carretero; C. B. D'Andrea; L. N.Da Costa; C. Davis; S. Desai; H. T. Diehl; J. P. Dietrich; A. Drlica-Wagner; T. F. Eifler; B. Flaugher; P. Fosalba; J. Frieman; J. Garciá-Bellido; E. Gaztanaga; D. W. Gerdes; R. A. Gruendl; J. Gschwend; G. Gutierrez; K. Honscheid; D. J. James; T. Jeltema; E. Krause; K. Kuehn; O. Lahav; M. Lima; M. March; J. L. Marshall; P. Martini; P. Melchior; F. Menanteau; R. Miquel; J. J. Mohr; B. Nord; R. L.C. Ogando; A. A. Plazas; E. Sanchez; V. Scarpine; R. Schindler; M. Schubnell; I. Sevilla-Noarbe; M. Smith; R. C. Smith; M. Soares-Santos; F. Sobreira; E. Suchyta; M. E.C. Swanson; G. Tarle; J. Weller

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aad5e7

The Splashback Feature around des Galaxy Clusters: Galaxy Density and Weak Lensing Profiles

C. Chang, E. Baxter, B. Jain, C. Sánchez, S. Adhikari, T. N. Varga, Y. Fang, E. Rozo, E. S. Rykoff, A. Kravtsov, D. Gruen, W. Hartley, E. M. Huff, M. Jarvis, A. G. Kim, J. Prat, N. MacCrann, T. McClintock, A. Palmese, D. RapettiR. P. Rollins, S. Samuroff, E. Sheldon, M. A. Troxel, R. H. Wechsler, Y. Zhang, J. Zuntz, T. M.C. Abbott, F. B. Abdalla, S. Allam, J. Annis, K. Bechtol, A. Benoit-Lévy, G. M. Bernstein, D. Brooks, E. Buckley-Geer, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, C. B. D'Andrea, L. N.Da Costa, C. Davis, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, J. P. Dietrich, A. Drlica-Wagner, T. F. Eifler, B. Flaugher, P. Fosalba, J. Frieman, J. Garciá-Bellido, E. Gaztanaga, D. W. Gerdes, R. A. Gruendl, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, T. Jeltema, E. Krause, K. Kuehn, O. Lahav, M. Lima, M. March, J. L. Marshall, P. Martini, P. Melchior, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, J. J. Mohr, B. Nord, R. L.C. Ogando, A. A. Plazas, E. Sanchez, V. Scarpine, R. Schindler, M. Schubnell, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, R. C. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, F. Sobreira, E. Suchyta, M. E.C. Swanson, G. Tarle, J. Weller

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Abstract

Splashback refers to the process of matter that is accreting onto a dark matter halo reaching its first orbital apocenter and turning around in its orbit. The clustercentric radius at which this process occurs, r _sp, defines a halo boundary that is connected to the dynamics of the cluster. A rapid decline in the halo profile is expected near r _sp. We measure the galaxy number density and weak lensing mass profiles around redMaPPer galaxy clusters in the first-year Dark Energy Survey (DES) data. For a cluster sample with mean M _200m mass ≈2.5 × 10¹⁴ M _o, we find strong evidence of a splashback-like steepening of the galaxy density profile and measure r _sp = 1.13 ± 0.07 h ^-1 Mpc, consistent with the earlier Sloan Digital Sky Survey measurements of More et al. and Baxter et al. Moreover, our weak lensing measurement demonstrates for the first time the existence of a splashback-like steepening of the matter profile of galaxy clusters. We measure r _sp = 1.34 ± 0.21 h ^-1 Mpc from the weak lensing data, in good agreement with our galaxy density measurements. For different cluster and galaxy samples, we find that, consistent with ΛCDM simulations, r _sp scales with R _200m and does not evolve with redshift over the redshift range of 0.3-0.6. We also find that potential systematic effects associated with the redMaPPer algorithm may impact the location of r _sp. We discuss the progress needed to understand the systematic uncertainties and fully exploit forthcoming data from DES and future surveys, emphasizing the importance of more realistic mock catalogs and independent cluster samples.

Original language	English
Article number	83
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	864
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aad5e7
State	Published - Sep 1 2018

Funding

C.C. and A.K. were supported in part by the Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago through grant NSF PHY-1125897 and an endowment from the Kavli Foundation and its founder, Fred Kavli. E.B. and B.J. are partially supported by US Department of Energy grant DE-SC0007901. T.N.V. was supported by the SFB-Transregio 33 The Dark Universe by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) and the DFG Cluster of Excellence “Origin and Structure of the Universe.” The weak lensing boost factors were calculated and calibrated using the computing facilities of the Computational Center for Particle and Astrophysics (C2PAP). D.R. is supported by a NASA Postdoctoral Program Senior Fellowship at the NASA Ames Research Center, administered by the Universities Space Research Association under contract with NASA. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungs-gemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The CosmoSim database used in this paper is a service by the Leibniz-Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (AIP). The MultiDark database was developed in cooperation with the Spanish MultiDark Consolider Project CSD2009-00064. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Gauss Centre for Supercomputing e.V. (www.gauss-centre.eu) and the Partnership for Advanced Supercomputing in Europe (PRACE; www.prace-ri.eu) for funding the MultiDark simulation project by providing computing time on the GCS Supercomputer SuperMUC at the Leibniz Supercomputing Centre (LRZ; www.lrz.de). The Bolshoi simulations have been performed within the Bolshoi project of the University of California High-Performance AstroComputing Center (UC-HiPACC) and were run at the NASA Ames Research Center. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. The IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007–2013), including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO) through project number CE110001020. This manuscript has been authored by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes.

Funders	Funder number
Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics	CE110001020
Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey
DFG Cluster of Excellence “Origin and Structure of the Universe
Deutsche Forschungs-gemeinschaft
European Union’s Seventh Framework Program
FP7/2007
Fermi Research Alliance, LLC	DE-AC02-07CH11359
Gauss Centre for Supercomputing
Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago
Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago
LRZ
Leibniz Supercomputing Centre
Ministry of Science and Education of Spain
Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University
National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
U.S. National Science Foundation
US Department of Energy	DE-SC0007901
Universities Space Research Association
National Science Foundation	PHY-1125897, AST-1138766, AST-1536171
U.S. Department of Energy
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Kavli Foundation
Office of Science
Ames Research Center
High Energy Physics
Seventh Framework Programme	1138766, 240672, 306478, 1125897, 291329
Higher Education Funding Council for England
Center for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Ohio State University
Engineering Research Centers
Science and Technology Facilities Council
European Commission
European Research Council
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Generalitat de Catalunya
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad	SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, ESP2015-66861, MDM-2015-0509, FPA2015-68048, AYA2015-71825
Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
European Regional Development Fund
Gujarat Cancer Society

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10.3847/1538-4357/aad5e7

Cite this

Chang, C., Baxter, E., Jain, B., Sánchez, C., Adhikari, S., Varga, T. N., Fang, Y., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E. S., Kravtsov, A., Gruen, D., Hartley, W., Huff, E. M., Jarvis, M., Kim, A. G., Prat, J., MacCrann, N., McClintock, T., Palmese, A., ... Weller, J. (2018). The Splashback Feature around des Galaxy Clusters: Galaxy Density and Weak Lensing Profiles. Astrophysical Journal, 864(1), Article 83. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aad5e7

@article{af5e9273071e42d4bfb04581a23b1439,

title = "The Splashback Feature around des Galaxy Clusters: Galaxy Density and Weak Lensing Profiles",

abstract = "Splashback refers to the process of matter that is accreting onto a dark matter halo reaching its first orbital apocenter and turning around in its orbit. The clustercentric radius at which this process occurs, r sp, defines a halo boundary that is connected to the dynamics of the cluster. A rapid decline in the halo profile is expected near r sp. We measure the galaxy number density and weak lensing mass profiles around redMaPPer galaxy clusters in the first-year Dark Energy Survey (DES) data. For a cluster sample with mean M 200m mass ≈2.5 × 1014 M o, we find strong evidence of a splashback-like steepening of the galaxy density profile and measure r sp = 1.13 ± 0.07 h -1 Mpc, consistent with the earlier Sloan Digital Sky Survey measurements of More et al. and Baxter et al. Moreover, our weak lensing measurement demonstrates for the first time the existence of a splashback-like steepening of the matter profile of galaxy clusters. We measure r sp = 1.34 ± 0.21 h -1 Mpc from the weak lensing data, in good agreement with our galaxy density measurements. For different cluster and galaxy samples, we find that, consistent with ΛCDM simulations, r sp scales with R 200m and does not evolve with redshift over the redshift range of 0.3-0.6. We also find that potential systematic effects associated with the redMaPPer algorithm may impact the location of r sp. We discuss the progress needed to understand the systematic uncertainties and fully exploit forthcoming data from DES and future surveys, emphasizing the importance of more realistic mock catalogs and independent cluster samples.",

author = "C. Chang and E. Baxter and B. Jain and C. S{\'a}nchez and S. Adhikari and Varga, {T. N.} and Y. Fang and E. Rozo and Rykoff, {E. S.} and A. Kravtsov and D. Gruen and W. Hartley and Huff, {E. M.} and M. Jarvis and Kim, {A. G.} and J. Prat and N. MacCrann and T. McClintock and A. Palmese and D. Rapetti and Rollins, {R. P.} and S. Samuroff and E. Sheldon and Troxel, {M. A.} and Wechsler, {R. H.} and Y. Zhang and J. Zuntz and Abbott, {T. M.C.} and Abdalla, {F. B.} and S. Allam and J. Annis and K. Bechtol and A. Benoit-L{\'e}vy and Bernstein, {G. M.} and D. Brooks and E. Buckley-Geer and Rosell, {A. Carnero} and Kind, {M. Carrasco} and J. Carretero and D'Andrea, {C. B.} and Costa, {L. N.Da} and C. Davis and S. Desai and Diehl, {H. T.} and Dietrich, {J. P.} and A. Drlica-Wagner and Eifler, {T. F.} and B. Flaugher and P. Fosalba and J. Frieman and J. Garci{\'a}-Bellido and E. Gaztanaga and Gerdes, {D. W.} and Gruendl, {R. A.} and J. Gschwend and G. Gutierrez and K. Honscheid and James, {D. J.} and T. Jeltema and E. Krause and K. Kuehn and O. Lahav and M. Lima and M. March and Marshall, {J. L.} and P. Martini and P. Melchior and F. Menanteau and R. Miquel and Mohr, {J. J.} and B. Nord and Ogando, {R. L.C.} and Plazas, {A. A.} and E. Sanchez and V. Scarpine and R. Schindler and M. Schubnell and I. Sevilla-Noarbe and M. Smith and Smith, {R. C.} and M. Soares-Santos and F. Sobreira and E. Suchyta and Swanson, {M. E.C.} and G. Tarle and J. Weller",

year = "2018",

month = sep,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/aad5e7",

language = "English",

volume = "864",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "1",

}

Chang, C, Baxter, E, Jain, B, Sánchez, C, Adhikari, S, Varga, TN, Fang, Y, Rozo, E, Rykoff, ES, Kravtsov, A, Gruen, D, Hartley, W, Huff, EM, Jarvis, M, Kim, AG, Prat, J, MacCrann, N, McClintock, T, Palmese, A, Rapetti, D, Rollins, RP, Samuroff, S, Sheldon, E, Troxel, MA, Wechsler, RH, Zhang, Y, Zuntz, J, Abbott, TMC, Abdalla, FB, Allam, S, Annis, J, Bechtol, K, Benoit-Lévy, A, Bernstein, GM, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Rosell, AC, Kind, MC, Carretero, J, D'Andrea, CB, Costa, LND, Davis, C, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Drlica-Wagner, A, Eifler, TF, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, Garciá-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Honscheid, K, James, DJ, Jeltema, T, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Lahav, O, Lima, M, March, M, Marshall, JL, Martini, P, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Mohr, JJ, Nord, B, Ogando, RLC, Plazas, AA, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schindler, R, Schubnell, M, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Smith, M, Smith, RC, Soares-Santos, M, Sobreira, F, Suchyta, E, Swanson, MEC, Tarle, G & Weller, J 2018, 'The Splashback Feature around des Galaxy Clusters: Galaxy Density and Weak Lensing Profiles', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 864, no. 1, 83. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aad5e7

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Splashback Feature around des Galaxy Clusters

T2 - Galaxy Density and Weak Lensing Profiles

AU - Chang, C.

AU - Baxter, E.

AU - Jain, B.

AU - Sánchez, C.

AU - Adhikari, S.

AU - Varga, T. N.

AU - Fang, Y.

AU - Rozo, E.

AU - Rykoff, E. S.

AU - Kravtsov, A.

AU - Gruen, D.

AU - Hartley, W.

AU - Huff, E. M.

AU - Jarvis, M.

AU - Kim, A. G.

AU - Prat, J.

AU - MacCrann, N.

AU - McClintock, T.

AU - Palmese, A.

AU - Rapetti, D.

AU - Rollins, R. P.

AU - Samuroff, S.

AU - Sheldon, E.

AU - Troxel, M. A.

AU - Wechsler, R. H.

AU - Zhang, Y.

AU - Zuntz, J.

AU - Abbott, T. M.C.

AU - Abdalla, F. B.

AU - Allam, S.

AU - Annis, J.

AU - Bechtol, K.

AU - Benoit-Lévy, A.

AU - Bernstein, G. M.

AU - Brooks, D.

AU - Buckley-Geer, E.

AU - Rosell, A. Carnero

AU - Kind, M. Carrasco

AU - Carretero, J.

AU - D'Andrea, C. B.

AU - Costa, L. N.Da

AU - Davis, C.

AU - Desai, S.

AU - Diehl, H. T.

AU - Dietrich, J. P.

AU - Drlica-Wagner, A.

AU - Eifler, T. F.

AU - Flaugher, B.

AU - Fosalba, P.

AU - Frieman, J.

AU - Garciá-Bellido, J.

AU - Gaztanaga, E.

AU - Gerdes, D. W.

AU - Gruendl, R. A.

AU - Gschwend, J.

AU - Gutierrez, G.

AU - Honscheid, K.

AU - James, D. J.

AU - Jeltema, T.

AU - Krause, E.

AU - Kuehn, K.

AU - Lahav, O.

AU - Lima, M.

AU - March, M.

AU - Marshall, J. L.

AU - Martini, P.

AU - Melchior, P.

AU - Menanteau, F.

AU - Miquel, R.

AU - Mohr, J. J.

AU - Nord, B.

AU - Ogando, R. L.C.

AU - Plazas, A. A.

AU - Sanchez, E.

AU - Scarpine, V.

AU - Schindler, R.

AU - Schubnell, M.

AU - Sevilla-Noarbe, I.

AU - Smith, M.

AU - Smith, R. C.

AU - Soares-Santos, M.

AU - Sobreira, F.

AU - Suchyta, E.

AU - Swanson, M. E.C.

AU - Tarle, G.

AU - Weller, J.

PY - 2018/9/1

Y1 - 2018/9/1

N2 - Splashback refers to the process of matter that is accreting onto a dark matter halo reaching its first orbital apocenter and turning around in its orbit. The clustercentric radius at which this process occurs, r sp, defines a halo boundary that is connected to the dynamics of the cluster. A rapid decline in the halo profile is expected near r sp. We measure the galaxy number density and weak lensing mass profiles around redMaPPer galaxy clusters in the first-year Dark Energy Survey (DES) data. For a cluster sample with mean M 200m mass ≈2.5 × 1014 M o, we find strong evidence of a splashback-like steepening of the galaxy density profile and measure r sp = 1.13 ± 0.07 h -1 Mpc, consistent with the earlier Sloan Digital Sky Survey measurements of More et al. and Baxter et al. Moreover, our weak lensing measurement demonstrates for the first time the existence of a splashback-like steepening of the matter profile of galaxy clusters. We measure r sp = 1.34 ± 0.21 h -1 Mpc from the weak lensing data, in good agreement with our galaxy density measurements. For different cluster and galaxy samples, we find that, consistent with ΛCDM simulations, r sp scales with R 200m and does not evolve with redshift over the redshift range of 0.3-0.6. We also find that potential systematic effects associated with the redMaPPer algorithm may impact the location of r sp. We discuss the progress needed to understand the systematic uncertainties and fully exploit forthcoming data from DES and future surveys, emphasizing the importance of more realistic mock catalogs and independent cluster samples.

AB - Splashback refers to the process of matter that is accreting onto a dark matter halo reaching its first orbital apocenter and turning around in its orbit. The clustercentric radius at which this process occurs, r sp, defines a halo boundary that is connected to the dynamics of the cluster. A rapid decline in the halo profile is expected near r sp. We measure the galaxy number density and weak lensing mass profiles around redMaPPer galaxy clusters in the first-year Dark Energy Survey (DES) data. For a cluster sample with mean M 200m mass ≈2.5 × 1014 M o, we find strong evidence of a splashback-like steepening of the galaxy density profile and measure r sp = 1.13 ± 0.07 h -1 Mpc, consistent with the earlier Sloan Digital Sky Survey measurements of More et al. and Baxter et al. Moreover, our weak lensing measurement demonstrates for the first time the existence of a splashback-like steepening of the matter profile of galaxy clusters. We measure r sp = 1.34 ± 0.21 h -1 Mpc from the weak lensing data, in good agreement with our galaxy density measurements. For different cluster and galaxy samples, we find that, consistent with ΛCDM simulations, r sp scales with R 200m and does not evolve with redshift over the redshift range of 0.3-0.6. We also find that potential systematic effects associated with the redMaPPer algorithm may impact the location of r sp. We discuss the progress needed to understand the systematic uncertainties and fully exploit forthcoming data from DES and future surveys, emphasizing the importance of more realistic mock catalogs and independent cluster samples.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85053126798&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/aad5e7

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/aad5e7

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85053126798

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 864

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 83

ER -

The Splashback Feature around des Galaxy Clusters: Galaxy Density and Weak Lensing Profiles

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