The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR calibration system

N. Abgrall; I. J. Arnquist; F. T. Avignone III; A. S. Barabash; F. E. Bertrand; M. Boswell; A. W. Bradley; V. Brudanin; M. Busch; M. Buuck; T. S. Caldwell; C. D. Christofferson; P. H. Chu; C. Cuesta; J. A. Detwiler; C. Dunagan; Yu Efremenko; H. Ejiri; S. R. Elliott; Z. Fu; V. M. Gehman; T. Gilliss; G. K. Giovanetti; J. Goett; M. P. Green; J. Gruszko; I. S. Guinn; V. E. Guiseppe; C. R. Haufe; R. Henning; E. W. Hoppe; M. A. Howe; B. R. Jasinski; K. J. Keeter; M. F. Kidd; S. I. Konovalov; R. T. Kouzes; A. M. Lopez; J. MacMullin; R. D. Martin; R. Massarczyk; S. J. Meijer; S. Mertens; J. L. Orrell; C. O'Shaughnessy; A. W.P. Poon; D. C. Radford; J. Rager; A. L. Reine; K. Rielage; R. G.H. Robertson; B. Shanks; M. Shirchenko; A. M. Suriano; D. Tedeschi; J. E. Trimble; R. L. Varner; S. Vasilyev; K. Vetter; K. Vorren; B. R. White; J. F. Wilkerson; C. Wiseman; W. Xu; C. H. Yu; V. Yumatov; I. Zhitnikov; B. X. Zhu

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2017.08.005

The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR calibration system

N. Abgrall, I. J. Arnquist, F. T. Avignone III, A. S. Barabash, F. E. Bertrand, M. Boswell, A. W. Bradley, V. Brudanin, M. Busch, M. Buuck, T. S. Caldwell, C. D. Christofferson, P. H. Chu, C. Cuesta, J. A. Detwiler, C. Dunagan, Yu Efremenko, H. Ejiri, S. R. Elliott, Z. FuV. M. Gehman, T. Gilliss, G. K. Giovanetti, J. Goett, M. P. Green, J. Gruszko, I. S. Guinn, V. E. Guiseppe, C. R. Haufe, R. Henning, E. W. Hoppe, M. A. Howe, B. R. Jasinski, K. J. Keeter, M. F. Kidd, S. I. Konovalov, R. T. Kouzes, A. M. Lopez, J. MacMullin, R. D. Martin, R. Massarczyk, S. J. Meijer, S. Mertens, J. L. Orrell, C. O'Shaughnessy, A. W.P. Poon, D. C. Radford, J. Rager, A. L. Reine, K. Rielage, R. G.H. Robertson, B. Shanks, M. Shirchenko, A. M. Suriano, D. Tedeschi, J. E. Trimble, R. L. Varner, S. Vasilyev, K. Vetter, K. Vorren, B. R. White, J. F. Wilkerson, C. Wiseman, W. Xu, C. H. Yu, V. Yumatov, I. Zhitnikov, B. X. Zhu

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19 Scopus citations

Abstract

The MAJORANA Collaboration is searching for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of the nucleus ⁷⁶Ge. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is an array of germanium detectors deployed with the aim of implementing background reduction techniques suitable for a 1-ton ⁷⁶Ge-based search. The ultra low-background conditions require regular calibrations to verify proper function of the detectors. Radioactive line sources can be deployed around the cryostats containing the detectors for regular energy calibrations. When measuring in low-background mode, these line sources have to be stored outside the shielding so they do not contribute to the background. The deployment and the retraction of the source are designed to be controlled by the data acquisition system and do not require any direct human interaction. In this paper, we detail the design requirements and implementation of the calibration apparatus, which provides the event rates needed to define the pulse-shape cuts and energy calibration used in the final analysis as well as data that can be compared to simulations.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	16-22
Number of pages	7
Journal	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Volume	872
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.08.005
State	Published - Nov 11 2017

Funding

This material is based upon work supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under Award Numbers DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC52-06NA25396, DE-FG02-97ER41041, DE-FG02-97ER41033, DE-FG02-97ER41042, DE-SC0012612, DE-FG02-10ER41715, DE-SC0010254, and DE-FG02-97ER41020. We acknowledge support from the Particle Astrophysics Program and Nuclear Physics Program of the National Science Foundation through grant numbers PHY-0919270, PHY-1003940, 0855314, PHY-1202950, MRI 0923142 and 1003399. We acknowledge support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant No. 15-02-02919. We acknowledge the support of the US Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program. This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank our hosts and colleagues at the Sanford Underground Research Facility for their support.

Funders	Funder number
National Science Foundation	PHY-1003940, PHY-0919270, MRI 0923142, PHY-1202950
U.S. Department of Energy
Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences	0855314, 0923142, 1003940, 0919270, 1003399, 1202950
Office of Science	DE-AC05-00OR22725
Nuclear Physics	DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-SC0012612, DE-AC52-06NA25396, DE-FG02-97ER41020, DE-FG02-97ER41042, DE-FG02-10ER41715, DE-FG02-97ER41033, DE-FG02-97ER41041, DE-SC0010254
Laboratory Directed Research and Development
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Russian Foundation for Basic Research	15-02-02919

Keywords

Detector calibration
Germanium detector
Majorana
Neutrinoless double-beta decay

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10.1016/j.nima.2017.08.005

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Abgrall, N., Arnquist, I. J., Avignone III, F. T., Barabash, A. S., Bertrand, F. E., Boswell, M., Bradley, A. W., Brudanin, V., Busch, M., Buuck, M., Caldwell, T. S., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. H., Cuesta, C., Detwiler, J. A., Dunagan, C., Efremenko, Y., Ejiri, H., Elliott, S. R., ... Zhu, B. X. (2017). The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR calibration system. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 872, 16-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.08.005

@article{433dadfc5c1d453a9031559fc6ea739b,

title = "The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR calibration system",

abstract = "The MAJORANA Collaboration is searching for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of the nucleus 76Ge. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is an array of germanium detectors deployed with the aim of implementing background reduction techniques suitable for a 1-ton 76Ge-based search. The ultra low-background conditions require regular calibrations to verify proper function of the detectors. Radioactive line sources can be deployed around the cryostats containing the detectors for regular energy calibrations. When measuring in low-background mode, these line sources have to be stored outside the shielding so they do not contribute to the background. The deployment and the retraction of the source are designed to be controlled by the data acquisition system and do not require any direct human interaction. In this paper, we detail the design requirements and implementation of the calibration apparatus, which provides the event rates needed to define the pulse-shape cuts and energy calibration used in the final analysis as well as data that can be compared to simulations.",

keywords = "Detector calibration, Germanium detector, Majorana, Neutrinoless double-beta decay",

author = "N. Abgrall and Arnquist, {I. J.} and Avignone III, {F. T.} and Barabash, {A. S.} and Bertrand, {F. E.} and M. Boswell and Bradley, {A. W.} and V. Brudanin and M. Busch and M. Buuck and Caldwell, {T. S.} and Christofferson, {C. D.} and Chu, {P. H.} and C. Cuesta and Detwiler, {J. A.} and C. Dunagan and Yu Efremenko and H. Ejiri and Elliott, {S. R.} and Z. Fu and Gehman, {V. M.} and T. Gilliss and Giovanetti, {G. K.} and J. Goett and Green, {M. P.} and J. Gruszko and Guinn, {I. S.} and Guiseppe, {V. E.} and Haufe, {C. R.} and R. Henning and Hoppe, {E. W.} and Howe, {M. A.} and Jasinski, {B. R.} and Keeter, {K. J.} and Kidd, {M. F.} and Konovalov, {S. I.} and Kouzes, {R. T.} and Lopez, {A. M.} and J. MacMullin and Martin, {R. D.} and R. Massarczyk and Meijer, {S. J.} and S. Mertens and Orrell, {J. L.} and C. O'Shaughnessy and Poon, {A. W.P.} and Radford, {D. C.} and J. Rager and Reine, {A. L.} and K. Rielage and Robertson, {R. G.H.} and B. Shanks and M. Shirchenko and Suriano, {A. M.} and D. Tedeschi and Trimble, {J. E.} and Varner, {R. L.} and S. Vasilyev and K. Vetter and K. Vorren and White, {B. R.} and Wilkerson, {J. F.} and C. Wiseman and W. Xu and Yu, {C. H.} and V. Yumatov and I. Zhitnikov and Zhu, {B. X.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017",

year = "2017",

month = nov,

day = "11",

doi = "10.1016/j.nima.2017.08.005",

language = "English",

volume = "872",

pages = "16--22",

journal = "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment",

issn = "0168-9002",

publisher = "Elsevier",

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Abgrall, N, Arnquist, IJ, Avignone III, FT, Barabash, AS, Bertrand, FE, Boswell, M, Bradley, AW, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Buuck, M, Caldwell, TS, Christofferson, CD, Chu, PH, Cuesta, C, Detwiler, JA, Dunagan, C, Efremenko, Y, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Fu, Z, Gehman, VM, Gilliss, T, Giovanetti, GK, Goett, J, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guinn, IS, Guiseppe, VE, Haufe, CR, Henning, R, Hoppe, EW, Howe, MA, Jasinski, BR, Keeter, KJ, Kidd, MF, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, Lopez, AM, MacMullin, J, Martin, RD, Massarczyk, R, Meijer, SJ, Mertens, S, Orrell, JL, O'Shaughnessy, C, Poon, AWP, Radford, DC, Rager, J, Reine, AL, Rielage, K, Robertson, RGH, Shanks, B, Shirchenko, M, Suriano, AM, Tedeschi, D, Trimble, JE, Varner, RL, Vasilyev, S, Vetter, K, Vorren, K, White, BR, Wilkerson, JF, Wiseman, C, Xu, W, Yu, CH, Yumatov, V, Zhitnikov, I & Zhu, BX 2017, 'The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR calibration system', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 872, pp. 16-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.08.005

TY - JOUR

T1 - The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR calibration system

AU - Abgrall, N.

AU - Arnquist, I. J.

AU - Avignone III, F. T.

AU - Barabash, A. S.

AU - Bertrand, F. E.

AU - Boswell, M.

AU - Bradley, A. W.

AU - Brudanin, V.

AU - Busch, M.

AU - Buuck, M.

AU - Caldwell, T. S.

AU - Christofferson, C. D.

AU - Chu, P. H.

AU - Cuesta, C.

AU - Detwiler, J. A.

AU - Dunagan, C.

AU - Efremenko, Yu

AU - Ejiri, H.

AU - Elliott, S. R.

AU - Fu, Z.

AU - Gehman, V. M.

AU - Gilliss, T.

AU - Giovanetti, G. K.

AU - Goett, J.

AU - Green, M. P.

AU - Gruszko, J.

AU - Guinn, I. S.

AU - Guiseppe, V. E.

AU - Haufe, C. R.

AU - Henning, R.

AU - Hoppe, E. W.

AU - Howe, M. A.

AU - Jasinski, B. R.

AU - Keeter, K. J.

AU - Kidd, M. F.

AU - Konovalov, S. I.

AU - Kouzes, R. T.

AU - Lopez, A. M.

AU - MacMullin, J.

AU - Martin, R. D.

AU - Massarczyk, R.

AU - Meijer, S. J.

AU - Mertens, S.

AU - Orrell, J. L.

AU - O'Shaughnessy, C.

AU - Poon, A. W.P.

AU - Radford, D. C.

AU - Rager, J.

AU - Reine, A. L.

AU - Rielage, K.

AU - Robertson, R. G.H.

AU - Shanks, B.

AU - Shirchenko, M.

AU - Suriano, A. M.

AU - Tedeschi, D.

AU - Trimble, J. E.

AU - Varner, R. L.

AU - Vasilyev, S.

AU - Vetter, K.

AU - Vorren, K.

AU - White, B. R.

AU - Wilkerson, J. F.

AU - Wiseman, C.

AU - Xu, W.

AU - Yu, C. H.

AU - Yumatov, V.

AU - Zhitnikov, I.

AU - Zhu, B. X.

PY - 2017/11/11

Y1 - 2017/11/11

N2 - The MAJORANA Collaboration is searching for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of the nucleus 76Ge. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is an array of germanium detectors deployed with the aim of implementing background reduction techniques suitable for a 1-ton 76Ge-based search. The ultra low-background conditions require regular calibrations to verify proper function of the detectors. Radioactive line sources can be deployed around the cryostats containing the detectors for regular energy calibrations. When measuring in low-background mode, these line sources have to be stored outside the shielding so they do not contribute to the background. The deployment and the retraction of the source are designed to be controlled by the data acquisition system and do not require any direct human interaction. In this paper, we detail the design requirements and implementation of the calibration apparatus, which provides the event rates needed to define the pulse-shape cuts and energy calibration used in the final analysis as well as data that can be compared to simulations.

AB - The MAJORANA Collaboration is searching for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of the nucleus 76Ge. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is an array of germanium detectors deployed with the aim of implementing background reduction techniques suitable for a 1-ton 76Ge-based search. The ultra low-background conditions require regular calibrations to verify proper function of the detectors. Radioactive line sources can be deployed around the cryostats containing the detectors for regular energy calibrations. When measuring in low-background mode, these line sources have to be stored outside the shielding so they do not contribute to the background. The deployment and the retraction of the source are designed to be controlled by the data acquisition system and do not require any direct human interaction. In this paper, we detail the design requirements and implementation of the calibration apparatus, which provides the event rates needed to define the pulse-shape cuts and energy calibration used in the final analysis as well as data that can be compared to simulations.

KW - Detector calibration

KW - Germanium detector

KW - Majorana

KW - Neutrinoless double-beta decay

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85027500018&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.nima.2017.08.005

DO - 10.1016/j.nima.2017.08.005

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85027500018

SN - 0168-9002

VL - 872

SP - 16

EP - 22

JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

ER -

The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR calibration system

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