The Impact of Lithium Anode Interface on Capacity Fade in Polymer Electrolyte-Based Solid-State Batteries

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

This study investigates the Li stripping-plating morphology and failure mechanisms in full cells consisting of a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) with two commercial Li anodes: Li chip and Li foil. The primary identified failure mechanism of the SPE cell is capacity fade, regardless of the Li manufacturer. While the cathode’s role in capacity fade is evident, the Li anode significantly influences cycling performance, with Li foil cells cycling 50% longer than Li chip cells, a statistical difference. Post-mortem scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results attribute the Li chip’s faster capacity fade to a loss of contact and continuous growth of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Conversely, Li foil maintains consistent contact with the solid polymer, displaying a thin and stable SEI. Additionally, failure mechanisms between a gel electrolyte in previous work and the dry SPE are compared.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)10271-10280
Number of pages10
JournalACS Applied Energy Materials
Volume7
Issue number22
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 25 2024

Funding

This manuscript has been authored in part by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE). The publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US government purposes. DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan. Acknowledgments This research was supported by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) for the Vehicle Technologies Office\u2019s Advanced Battery Materials Research Program (Simon Thompson and Tien Duong, Program Manager). The SEM in this work were performed and supported at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences in Oak Ridge National Lab, a DOE Office of Science user facility.

Keywords

  • X-ray photoelectron microscopy
  • lithium
  • polymer electrolyte
  • scanning electron microscopy
  • solid-state battery

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