The effect of concentration on the structure and crystallinity of a cementitious waste form for caustic wastes

Chul Woo Chung; Laura A. Turo; Joseph V. Ryan; Bradley R. Johnson; John S. McCloy

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.02.035

The effect of concentration on the structure and crystallinity of a cementitious waste form for caustic wastes

Chul Woo Chung
, Laura A. Turo
, Joseph V. Ryan
, Bradley R. Johnson
, John S. McCloy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

Cement-based waste forms have long been considered economical technologies for disposal of various types of waste. A solidified cementitious waste form, Cast Stone, has been identified to immobilize the radioactive secondary waste from vitrification processes. In this work, Cast Stone was considered for a Na-based caustic liquid waste, and its physical properties were analyzed as a function of liquid waste loading up to 2 M Na. Differences in crystallinity (phase composition), microstructure, mesostructure (pore size distribution and surface area), and macrostructure (density and compressive strength) were investigated using various analytical techniques, in order to assess the suitability of Cast Stone as a chemically durable waste. It was found that the concentration of secondary waste simulant (caustic waste) had little effect on the relevant engineering properties of Cast Stone, showing that Cast Stone could be an effective and tolerant waste form for a wide range of concentrations of high sodium waste.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	332-340
Number of pages	9
Journal	Journal of Nuclear Materials
Volume	437
Issue number	1-3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.02.035
State	Published - 2013
Externally published	Yes

Funding

This research was partially supported under the Laboratory-Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). The authors appreciate all the necessary discussions with Joe Westsik, Nancy Washton, Karl T. Mueller, Rick Williford, Anderson L. Ward, and Diana H. Bacon. We appreciate Kent E. Parker for the synthesis of the waste simulant, Jarrod V. Crum and Ashutosh Goel for assistance with the XRD analysis, Carolyne Burns for running the raw material particle size distribution tests, and Kathryn E. Draper for coordinating the mercury intrusion porosimetry. We also appreciate the raw material supply and characterization from John Harris in Lafarge North America. PNNL is a multi-program national laboratory operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830.

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10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.02.035

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title = "The effect of concentration on the structure and crystallinity of a cementitious waste form for caustic wastes",

abstract = "Cement-based waste forms have long been considered economical technologies for disposal of various types of waste. A solidified cementitious waste form, Cast Stone, has been identified to immobilize the radioactive secondary waste from vitrification processes. In this work, Cast Stone was considered for a Na-based caustic liquid waste, and its physical properties were analyzed as a function of liquid waste loading up to 2 M Na. Differences in crystallinity (phase composition), microstructure, mesostructure (pore size distribution and surface area), and macrostructure (density and compressive strength) were investigated using various analytical techniques, in order to assess the suitability of Cast Stone as a chemically durable waste. It was found that the concentration of secondary waste simulant (caustic waste) had little effect on the relevant engineering properties of Cast Stone, showing that Cast Stone could be an effective and tolerant waste form for a wide range of concentrations of high sodium waste.",

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AU - Chung, Chul Woo

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AU - Ryan, Joseph V.

AU - Johnson, Bradley R.

AU - McCloy, John S.

PY - 2013

Y1 - 2013

N2 - Cement-based waste forms have long been considered economical technologies for disposal of various types of waste. A solidified cementitious waste form, Cast Stone, has been identified to immobilize the radioactive secondary waste from vitrification processes. In this work, Cast Stone was considered for a Na-based caustic liquid waste, and its physical properties were analyzed as a function of liquid waste loading up to 2 M Na. Differences in crystallinity (phase composition), microstructure, mesostructure (pore size distribution and surface area), and macrostructure (density and compressive strength) were investigated using various analytical techniques, in order to assess the suitability of Cast Stone as a chemically durable waste. It was found that the concentration of secondary waste simulant (caustic waste) had little effect on the relevant engineering properties of Cast Stone, showing that Cast Stone could be an effective and tolerant waste form for a wide range of concentrations of high sodium waste.

AB - Cement-based waste forms have long been considered economical technologies for disposal of various types of waste. A solidified cementitious waste form, Cast Stone, has been identified to immobilize the radioactive secondary waste from vitrification processes. In this work, Cast Stone was considered for a Na-based caustic liquid waste, and its physical properties were analyzed as a function of liquid waste loading up to 2 M Na. Differences in crystallinity (phase composition), microstructure, mesostructure (pore size distribution and surface area), and macrostructure (density and compressive strength) were investigated using various analytical techniques, in order to assess the suitability of Cast Stone as a chemically durable waste. It was found that the concentration of secondary waste simulant (caustic waste) had little effect on the relevant engineering properties of Cast Stone, showing that Cast Stone could be an effective and tolerant waste form for a wide range of concentrations of high sodium waste.

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ER -

The effect of concentration on the structure and crystallinity of a cementitious waste form for caustic wastes

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