The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: slow supernovae show cosmological time dilation out to z ∼ 1.

R. M.T. White; T. M. Davis; G. F. Lewis; D. Brout; L. Galbany; K. Glazebrook; S. R. Hinton; J. Lee; C. Lidman; A. Möller; M. Sako; D. Scolnic; M. Smith; M. Sullivan; B. O. Sánchez; P. Shah; M. Vincenzi; P. Wiseman; T. M.C. Abbott; M. Aguena; S. Allam; F. Andrade-Oliveira; J. Asorey; D. Bacon; S. Bocquet; D. Brooks; E. Buckley-Geer; D. L. Burke; A. Carnero Rosell; D. Carollo; J. Carretero; L. N. da Costa; M. E.S. Pereira; J. De Vicente; S. Desai; H. T. Diehl; S. Everett; I. Ferrero; B. Flaugher; J. Frieman; J. García-Bellido; E. Gaztanaga; G. Giannini; R. A. Gruendl; D. L. Hollowood; K. Honscheid; D. J. James; R. Kessler; K. Kuehn; O. Lahav; S. Lee; M. Lima; J. L. Marshall; J. Mena-Fernández; R. Miquel; J. Myles; R. C. Nichol; R. L.C. Ogando; A. Palmese; A. Pieres; A. A. Plazas Malagón; A. K. Romer; E. Sanchez; D. Sanchez Cid; M. Schubnell; E. Suchyta; G. Tarle; B. E. Tucker; A. R. Walker; N. Weaverdyck

doi:10.1093/mnras/stae2008

The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: slow supernovae show cosmological time dilation out to z ∼ 1.

R. M.T. White, T. M. Davis, G. F. Lewis, D. Brout, L. Galbany, K. Glazebrook, S. R. Hinton, J. Lee, C. Lidman, A. Möller, M. Sako, D. Scolnic, M. Smith, M. Sullivan, B. O. Sánchez, P. Shah, M. Vincenzi, P. Wiseman, T. M.C. Abbott, M. AguenaS. Allam, F. Andrade-Oliveira, J. Asorey, D. Bacon, S. Bocquet, D. Brooks, E. Buckley-Geer, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, D. Carollo, J. Carretero, L. N. da Costa, M. E.S. Pereira, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, B. Flaugher, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, E. Gaztanaga, G. Giannini, R. A. Gruendl, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, R. Kessler, K. Kuehn, O. Lahav, S. Lee, M. Lima, J. L. Marshall, J. Mena-Fernández, R. Miquel, J. Myles, R. C. Nichol, R. L.C. Ogando, A. Palmese, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, A. K. Romer, E. Sanchez, D. Sanchez Cid, M. Schubnell, E. Suchyta, G. Tarle, B. E. Tucker, A. R. Walker, N. Weaverdyck

Workflow Systems

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

We present a precise measurement of cosmological time dilation using the light curves of 1504 Type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey spanning a redshift range 0.1 z 1.2. We find that the width of supernova light curves is proportional to (1 + z), as expected for time dilation due to the expansion of the Universe. Assuming Type Ia supernovae light curves are emitted with a consistent duration Δt_em, and parametrizing the observed duration as Δt_obs = Δt_em(1 + z)^b, we fit for the form of time dilation using two methods. First, we find that a power of b ≈ 1 minimizes the flux scatter in stacked subsamples of light curves across different redshifts. Secondly, we fit each target supernova to a stacked light curve (stacking all supernovae with observed bandpasses matching that of the target light curve) and find b = 1.003 ± 0.005 (stat) ± 0.010 (sys). Thanks to the large number of supernovae and large redshift-range of the sample, this analysis gives the most precise measurement of cosmological time dilation to date, ruling out any non-time-dilating cosmological models at very high significance.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3365-3378
Number of pages	14
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	533
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae2008
State	Published - Sep 1 2024

Funding

Funding for the DES Projects was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Funda\u00E7\u00E3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00E0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00EDfico e Tecnol\u00F3gico and the Minist\u00E9rio da Ci\u00EAncia, Tecnologia e Inova\u00E7\u00E3o, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. RMTW, TMD, RCN, and SRH acknowledge the support of an Australian Research Council Australian Laureate Fellowship (FL180100168) funded by the Australian Government. AM was supported by the ARC Discovery Early Career Researcher Award (DECRA) project number DE230100055. Funding for the DES Projects was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Funda\u00E7\u00E3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00E0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00EDfico e Tecnol\u00F3gico and the Minist\u00E9rio da Ci\u00EAncia, Tecnologia e Inova\u00E7\u00E3o, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energ\u00E9ticas, Medioambientales y Tecnol\u00F3gicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgen\u00F6ssische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Z\u00FCrich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ci\u00E8ncies de l\u2019Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de F\u00EDsica d\u2019Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universit\u00E4t M\u00FCnchen and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, NSF\u2019s NOIRLab, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory at NSF\u2019s NOIRLab (NOIRLab Prop. ID 2012B-0001; PI: J. Frieman), which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE was partially funded by the CERCA programme of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union\u2019s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00EAncia e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The DES data management system was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE was partially funded by the CERCA programme of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union\u2019s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00EAncia e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). RMTW, TMD, RCN, and SRH acknowledge the support of an Australian Research Council Australian Laureate Fellowship (FL180100168) funded by the Australian Government. AM was supported by the ARC Discovery Early Career Researcher Award (DECRA) project number DE230100055. This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory at NSF\u2019s NOIRLab (NOIRLab Prop. ID 2012B-0001; PI: J. Frieman), which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation.

Keywords

cosmology: observations
transients: supernovae

Access to Document

10.1093/mnras/stae2008

Cite this

White, R. M. T., Davis, T. M., Lewis, G. F., Brout, D., Galbany, L., Glazebrook, K., Hinton, S. R., Lee, J., Lidman, C., Möller, A., Sako, M., Scolnic, D., Smith, M., Sullivan, M., Sánchez, B. O., Shah, P., Vincenzi, M., Wiseman, P., Abbott, T. M. C., ... Weaverdyck, N. (2024). The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: slow supernovae show cosmological time dilation out to z ∼ 1. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 533(3), 3365-3378. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae2008

@article{5ac13b4f055645a7943184705365f8c3,

title = "The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: slow supernovae show cosmological time dilation out to z ∼ 1.",

abstract = "We present a precise measurement of cosmological time dilation using the light curves of 1504 Type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey spanning a redshift range 0.1 z 1.2. We find that the width of supernova light curves is proportional to (1 + z), as expected for time dilation due to the expansion of the Universe. Assuming Type Ia supernovae light curves are emitted with a consistent duration Δtem, and parametrizing the observed duration as Δtobs = Δtem(1 + z)b, we fit for the form of time dilation using two methods. First, we find that a power of b ≈ 1 minimizes the flux scatter in stacked subsamples of light curves across different redshifts. Secondly, we fit each target supernova to a stacked light curve (stacking all supernovae with observed bandpasses matching that of the target light curve) and find b = 1.003 ± 0.005 (stat) ± 0.010 (sys). Thanks to the large number of supernovae and large redshift-range of the sample, this analysis gives the most precise measurement of cosmological time dilation to date, ruling out any non-time-dilating cosmological models at very high significance.",

keywords = "cosmology: observations, transients: supernovae",

author = "White, {R. M.T.} and Davis, {T. M.} and Lewis, {G. F.} and D. Brout and L. Galbany and K. Glazebrook and Hinton, {S. R.} and J. Lee and C. Lidman and A. M{\"o}ller and M. Sako and D. Scolnic and M. Smith and M. Sullivan and S{\'a}nchez, {B. O.} and P. Shah and M. Vincenzi and P. Wiseman and Abbott, {T. M.C.} and M. Aguena and S. Allam and F. Andrade-Oliveira and J. Asorey and D. Bacon and S. Bocquet and D. Brooks and E. Buckley-Geer and Burke, {D. L.} and {Carnero Rosell}, A. and D. Carollo and J. Carretero and {da Costa}, {L. N.} and Pereira, {M. E.S.} and {De Vicente}, J. and S. Desai and Diehl, {H. T.} and S. Everett and I. Ferrero and B. Flaugher and J. Frieman and J. Garc{\'i}a-Bellido and E. Gaztanaga and G. Giannini and Gruendl, {R. A.} and Hollowood, {D. L.} and K. Honscheid and James, {D. J.} and R. Kessler and K. Kuehn and O. Lahav and S. Lee and M. Lima and Marshall, {J. L.} and J. Mena-Fern{\'a}ndez and R. Miquel and J. Myles and Nichol, {R. C.} and Ogando, {R. L.C.} and A. Palmese and A. Pieres and {Plazas Malag{\'o}n}, {A. A.} and Romer, {A. K.} and E. Sanchez and {Sanchez Cid}, D. and M. Schubnell and E. Suchyta and G. Tarle and Tucker, {B. E.} and Walker, {A. R.} and N. Weaverdyck",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Author(s).",

year = "2024",

month = sep,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stae2008",

language = "English",

volume = "533",

pages = "3365--3378",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "3",

}

White, RMT, Davis, TM, Lewis, GF, Brout, D, Galbany, L, Glazebrook, K, Hinton, SR, Lee, J, Lidman, C, Möller, A, Sako, M, Scolnic, D, Smith, M, Sullivan, M, Sánchez, BO, Shah, P, Vincenzi, M, Wiseman, P, Abbott, TMC, Aguena, M, Allam, S, Andrade-Oliveira, F, Asorey, J, Bacon, D, Bocquet, S, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, DL, Carnero Rosell, A, Carollo, D, Carretero, J, da Costa, LN, Pereira, MES, De Vicente, J, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Everett, S, Ferrero, I, Flaugher, B, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Giannini, G, Gruendl, RA, Hollowood, DL, Honscheid, K, James, DJ, Kessler, R, Kuehn, K, Lahav, O, Lee, S, Lima, M, Marshall, JL, Mena-Fernández, J, Miquel, R, Myles, J, Nichol, RC, Ogando, RLC, Palmese, A, Pieres, A, Plazas Malagón, AA, Romer, AK, Sanchez, E, Sanchez Cid, D, Schubnell, M, Suchyta, E, Tarle, G, Tucker, BE, Walker, AR & Weaverdyck, N 2024, 'The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: slow supernovae show cosmological time dilation out to z ∼ 1.', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 533, no. 3, pp. 3365-3378. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae2008

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program

T2 - slow supernovae show cosmological time dilation out to z ∼ 1.

AU - White, R. M.T.

AU - Davis, T. M.

AU - Lewis, G. F.

AU - Brout, D.

AU - Galbany, L.

AU - Glazebrook, K.

AU - Hinton, S. R.

AU - Lee, J.

AU - Lidman, C.

AU - Möller, A.

AU - Sako, M.

AU - Scolnic, D.

AU - Smith, M.

AU - Sullivan, M.

AU - Sánchez, B. O.

AU - Shah, P.

AU - Vincenzi, M.

AU - Wiseman, P.

AU - Abbott, T. M.C.

AU - Aguena, M.

AU - Allam, S.

AU - Andrade-Oliveira, F.

AU - Asorey, J.

AU - Bacon, D.

AU - Bocquet, S.

AU - Brooks, D.

AU - Buckley-Geer, E.

AU - Burke, D. L.

AU - Carnero Rosell, A.

AU - Carollo, D.

AU - Carretero, J.

AU - da Costa, L. N.

AU - Pereira, M. E.S.

AU - De Vicente, J.

AU - Desai, S.

AU - Diehl, H. T.

AU - Everett, S.

AU - Ferrero, I.

AU - Flaugher, B.

AU - Frieman, J.

AU - García-Bellido, J.

AU - Gaztanaga, E.

AU - Giannini, G.

AU - Gruendl, R. A.

AU - Hollowood, D. L.

AU - Honscheid, K.

AU - James, D. J.

AU - Kessler, R.

AU - Kuehn, K.

AU - Lahav, O.

AU - Lee, S.

AU - Lima, M.

AU - Marshall, J. L.

AU - Mena-Fernández, J.

AU - Miquel, R.

AU - Myles, J.

AU - Nichol, R. C.

AU - Ogando, R. L.C.

AU - Palmese, A.

AU - Pieres, A.

AU - Plazas Malagón, A. A.

AU - Romer, A. K.

AU - Sanchez, E.

AU - Sanchez Cid, D.

AU - Schubnell, M.

AU - Suchyta, E.

AU - Tarle, G.

AU - Tucker, B. E.

AU - Walker, A. R.

AU - Weaverdyck, N.

PY - 2024/9/1

Y1 - 2024/9/1

N2 - We present a precise measurement of cosmological time dilation using the light curves of 1504 Type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey spanning a redshift range 0.1 z 1.2. We find that the width of supernova light curves is proportional to (1 + z), as expected for time dilation due to the expansion of the Universe. Assuming Type Ia supernovae light curves are emitted with a consistent duration Δtem, and parametrizing the observed duration as Δtobs = Δtem(1 + z)b, we fit for the form of time dilation using two methods. First, we find that a power of b ≈ 1 minimizes the flux scatter in stacked subsamples of light curves across different redshifts. Secondly, we fit each target supernova to a stacked light curve (stacking all supernovae with observed bandpasses matching that of the target light curve) and find b = 1.003 ± 0.005 (stat) ± 0.010 (sys). Thanks to the large number of supernovae and large redshift-range of the sample, this analysis gives the most precise measurement of cosmological time dilation to date, ruling out any non-time-dilating cosmological models at very high significance.

AB - We present a precise measurement of cosmological time dilation using the light curves of 1504 Type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey spanning a redshift range 0.1 z 1.2. We find that the width of supernova light curves is proportional to (1 + z), as expected for time dilation due to the expansion of the Universe. Assuming Type Ia supernovae light curves are emitted with a consistent duration Δtem, and parametrizing the observed duration as Δtobs = Δtem(1 + z)b, we fit for the form of time dilation using two methods. First, we find that a power of b ≈ 1 minimizes the flux scatter in stacked subsamples of light curves across different redshifts. Secondly, we fit each target supernova to a stacked light curve (stacking all supernovae with observed bandpasses matching that of the target light curve) and find b = 1.003 ± 0.005 (stat) ± 0.010 (sys). Thanks to the large number of supernovae and large redshift-range of the sample, this analysis gives the most precise measurement of cosmological time dilation to date, ruling out any non-time-dilating cosmological models at very high significance.

KW - cosmology: observations

KW - transients: supernovae

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85203244825&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stae2008

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stae2008

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85203244825

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 533

SP - 3365

EP - 3378

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 3

ER -

The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: slow supernovae show cosmological time dilation out to z ∼ 1.

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this