Tailored synthesis of hierarchical spinous hollow titania hexagonal prisms via a self-template route

Novel hierarchical spinous hollow titania hexagonal prisms are prepared through a facile fluorine-free self-template route using Ti₂O₃(H₂O)₂(C₂O₄)·H₂O (TC) hexagonal prisms as a precursor. The hollowing transformation can be elucidated by the template-free Kirkendall effect, and diverse nanostructures can also be synthesized during the conversion process, such as the spinous core-shell and yolk-shell nanocomposites. The hierarchical hollow microparticles are composed of ultrathin nanobelts of 50-100 nm in length and about 10 nm in thickness, and possess a higher surface area of up to 163 m² g^-1 compared with solid microparticles (49 m² g^-1). This type of morphology is of great interest for lithium-ion batteries because of its shorter length for Li⁺ transport and better electrode-electrolyte contact.