Abstract
Sodium-based energy storage systems are promising candidates for electric vehicles and grid-level energy storage applications. The advancement of sodium-based energy storage systems relies on the development of high performance sodium-ion conducting electrolytes and membranes that exhibit high ionic conductivity and mechanical stability. A crosslinked poly(ethylene oxide) based polymer electrolyte was developed that demonstrates high ionic conductivity, as well as excellent mechanical stability over a wide temperature range. Ionic conductivities up to 2.0 × 10−4 S/cm at 20 °C and 7.1 × 10−4 S/cm at 70 °C are achieved for the plasticized membrane, almost four orders of magnitude greater than that of the non-plasticized membrane. The membranes are mechanically robust, and the storage modulus of the membrane is maintained at ∼1 MPa from −20 to 180 °C even with the addition of plasticizer. This study provides a synthesis approach towards the design of highly ion conducting, mechanically robust gel polymer electrolytes for Na-ion batteries, non-aqueous flow batteries, and many other applications.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 85-96 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Energy Storage Materials |
Volume | 21 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Sep 2019 |
Funding
This work is funded by Dr. Imre Gyuk, Office of Electricity Delivery and Reliability , Department of Energy and the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory , managed by UT-Battelle , LLC . SG, BL, and APS acknowledge partial financial support on DMA and rheology measurements by the U.S. Department of Energy , Office of Science , Basic Energy Sciences , Materials Sciences and Engineering Division . NMR experiments were performed at EMSL, a DOE Office of Science user facility sponsored by the DOE BER and located at PNNL. We also thank Huntsman Corporation for providing us Jeffamine ® .
Keywords
- Conductivity
- Mechanical robustness
- Poly(ethylene oxide)
- Polymer electrolyte
- Sodium-ion battery