Synthesis of Ti3C2Tz MXene from low-cost and environmentally friendly precursors

S. Jolly; M. P. Paranthaman; M. Naguib

doi:10.1016/j.mtadv.2021.100139

Synthesis of Ti₃C₂T_z MXene from low-cost and environmentally friendly precursors

S. Jolly, M. P. Paranthaman, M. Naguib

Nanomaterials Chemistry Group

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

87 Scopus citations

Abstract

Herein we report an approach to synthesis Ti₃AlC₂ MAX phase and Ti₃C₂T_z MXene from low-cost precursors, viz. recycled carbon recovered from waste tire, recycled aluminum scrap, and titanium oxide. By adjusting the ratios of the initial materials, we determined that 3TiO₂+6Al+1.9C resulted in the purest sample of Ti₃AlC₂ when heated at 1,350 °C for 1 h. The MXene phase was synthesized by modified minimally intensive layer delamination and acid etching under N₂ purging. The final Ti₃C₂T_z films demonstrated conductivity of 5857 ± 680 S/cm and capacitance of 285 F/g (1,012 F/cm³) at 20 mV/s scan rates, which are comparable with that produced from MAX phase of high-purity elemental precursors (viz. Ti, Al and C). Choosing readily available and inexpensive precursor materials such as these allows for a drastic reduction in production cost of the MXene, as well as reducing the environmental impact of the industry.

Original language	English
Article number	100139
Journal	Materials Today Advances
Volume	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtadv.2021.100139
State	Published - Jun 2021

Funding

This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan ( http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan ). SJ and MN acknowledge the Ken & Ruth Arnold Early Career Professorship at Tulane University for supporting this research. The research on the synthesis of tire-derived carbon used in this study for MXene electrode materials for energy storage applications was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy , Office of Science , Office of Basic Energy Sciences , Materials Sciences and Engineering Division .

Keywords

MXenes
Recycled aluminum scrap
Supercapacitor
TiC
Tire-derived carbon

Access to Document

10.1016/j.mtadv.2021.100139

Cite this

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title = "Synthesis of Ti3C2Tz MXene from low-cost and environmentally friendly precursors",

abstract = "Herein we report an approach to synthesis Ti3AlC2 MAX phase and Ti3C2Tz MXene from low-cost precursors, viz. recycled carbon recovered from waste tire, recycled aluminum scrap, and titanium oxide. By adjusting the ratios of the initial materials, we determined that 3TiO2+6Al+1.9C resulted in the purest sample of Ti3AlC2 when heated at 1,350 °C for 1 h. The MXene phase was synthesized by modified minimally intensive layer delamination and acid etching under N2 purging. The final Ti3C2Tz films demonstrated conductivity of 5857 ± 680 S/cm and capacitance of 285 F/g (1,012 F/cm3) at 20 mV/s scan rates, which are comparable with that produced from MAX phase of high-purity elemental precursors (viz. Ti, Al and C). Choosing readily available and inexpensive precursor materials such as these allows for a drastic reduction in production cost of the MXene, as well as reducing the environmental impact of the industry.",

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N2 - Herein we report an approach to synthesis Ti3AlC2 MAX phase and Ti3C2Tz MXene from low-cost precursors, viz. recycled carbon recovered from waste tire, recycled aluminum scrap, and titanium oxide. By adjusting the ratios of the initial materials, we determined that 3TiO2+6Al+1.9C resulted in the purest sample of Ti3AlC2 when heated at 1,350 °C for 1 h. The MXene phase was synthesized by modified minimally intensive layer delamination and acid etching under N2 purging. The final Ti3C2Tz films demonstrated conductivity of 5857 ± 680 S/cm and capacitance of 285 F/g (1,012 F/cm3) at 20 mV/s scan rates, which are comparable with that produced from MAX phase of high-purity elemental precursors (viz. Ti, Al and C). Choosing readily available and inexpensive precursor materials such as these allows for a drastic reduction in production cost of the MXene, as well as reducing the environmental impact of the industry.

AB - Herein we report an approach to synthesis Ti3AlC2 MAX phase and Ti3C2Tz MXene from low-cost precursors, viz. recycled carbon recovered from waste tire, recycled aluminum scrap, and titanium oxide. By adjusting the ratios of the initial materials, we determined that 3TiO2+6Al+1.9C resulted in the purest sample of Ti3AlC2 when heated at 1,350 °C for 1 h. The MXene phase was synthesized by modified minimally intensive layer delamination and acid etching under N2 purging. The final Ti3C2Tz films demonstrated conductivity of 5857 ± 680 S/cm and capacitance of 285 F/g (1,012 F/cm3) at 20 mV/s scan rates, which are comparable with that produced from MAX phase of high-purity elemental precursors (viz. Ti, Al and C). Choosing readily available and inexpensive precursor materials such as these allows for a drastic reduction in production cost of the MXene, as well as reducing the environmental impact of the industry.

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