Synthesis of Highly Oriented Graphite Films with a Low Wrinkle Density and Near-Millimeter-Scale Lateral Grains

Shahana Chatterjee, Na Yeon Kim, Nicola Maria Pugno, Mandakini Biswal, Benjamin V. Cunning, Min Goo, Sunghwan Jin, Sun Hwa Lee, Zonghoon Lee, Rodney S. Ruoff

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

Principal defects found in graphite films include grain boundaries and wrinkles. These defects are well known to have detrimental effects on properties such as thermal and electrical conductivities as well as mechanical properties. With a two-fold objective of synthesizing graphite films with large single crystal grains and no wrinkles, we have developed a relatively low-temperature (<1150 °C) process that involves the precipitation of graphite films from nickel–carbon solid solutions followed by in-situ etching of the nickel foil substrates with anhydrous chlorine gas to obtain near wrinkle-free continuous graphite films. The size (La) distribution of lateral grains (or single crystal regions) in these highly oriented graphite films has been found to be asymmetric with the largest grains about 0.9 mm in diameter, as determined by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Thus, the growth of large-area graphite films with grains much larger than those reported for highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG, ∼20 to 30 μm), and with a low density of wrinkles, as in the case of HOPG, but prepared at much lower temperatures, is reported here.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)3134-3143
Number of pages10
JournalChemistry of Materials
Volume32
Issue number7
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 14 2020
Externally publishedYes

Funding

This work was supported by IBS-R019-D1. N.M.P. ackowledges the support of the European Commission under the Graphene Flagship Core 2 grant No. 785219 (WP14, “Composites”), the FET Proactive (“Neurofibres”) grant No. 732344, the FET Open (Boheme) grant No. 863179 as well as by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) under the “Departments of Excellence” grant L. 232/2016, the ARS01- 01384-PROSCAN and the PRIN-20177TTP3S grants. The authors would like to thank Prof. Marc DeGraef (Carnegie Mellon University) and Prof. Luigi Colombo (University of Texas at Dallas) for helpful discussions and comments regarding this manuscript. S.C. would like to acknowledge Dr. Myungjae Lee and Matt Nowell for helping in setting up the EBSD experiments; S.C. and N.Y.K. would like to thank Mi-Sun Cho, Gyeong Ae Lee, and Ji Hyun Park for helping in the preparation of the TEM cross-section samples. This work was supported by IBS-R019-D1. N.M.P. ackowledges the support of the European Commission under the Graphene Flagship Core 2 grant No. 785219 (WP14, ?Composites?), the FET Proactive (?Neurofibres?) grant No. 732344, the FET Open (Boheme) grant No. 863179 as well as by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) under the ?Departments of Excellence? grant L. 232/2016, the ARS01- 01384-PROSCAN and the PRIN-20177TTP3S grants. The authors would like to thank Prof. Marc DeGraef (Carnegie Mellon University) and Prof. Luigi Colombo (University of Texas at Dallas) for helpful discussions and comments regarding this manuscript. S.C. would like to acknowledge Dr. Myungjae Lee and Matt Nowell for helping in setting up the EBSD experiments; S.C. and N.Y.K. would like to thank Mi-Sun Cho, Gyeong Ae Lee, and Ji Hyun Park for helping in the preparation of the TEM cross-section samples.

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