Abstract
The single crystalline LiMn 2O 4 rods are synthesized by solid state reaction at varying temperatures (450 °C and 550 °C) using γ-MnOOH rods as self-templates, which are obtained by a typical hydrothermal process. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electrochemical tests are thoroughly conducted/performed to investigate its structure and properties. XRD, SEM and TEM observations show that LiMn 2O 4 spinel-type powders have good crystallinity and similar rods morphology with the width of 300-400 nm and the length of 500 nm-5 μm. As the cathode material for lithium batteries, LiMn 2O 4 synthesized at 450 °C delivers higher initial discharge capacity of 123.2 mA h g -1 at 0.1C and retains 84.0 mA h g -1 after 500 cycles at 10C rate. Even at a high current density of 40C, the material still presents an excellent discharge capability of 95.2 mA h g -1. The probable effect of structure and prepared-temperature is analyzed in detail.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 228-235 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Journal of Power Sources |
Volume | 220 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Dec 15 2012 |
Externally published | Yes |
Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 50954005 and 51074011 ), the National 863 Program (Grants 2006AA03Z230 and 2008AA03Z208 ), and the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant 2007CB936502 ).
Funders | Funder number |
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National 863 Program | 2006AA03Z230, 2008AA03Z208 |
National Natural Science Foundation of China | 50954005, 51074011 |
National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) | 2007CB936502 |
Keywords
- Electrochemical performance
- High rate
- Lithium manganese oxide
- Lithium-ion batteries