Abstract
The favorable circulation pattern and moisture sources for wintertime extreme snowfall events over East China during 1979–2017 are explored. A coupling between a Rossby wave train along the subtropical jet stream (i.e., the circumglobal teleconnection) and central Siberian blocking activities plays a leading role in triggering these events. This coupling leads to the formation of cyclonic anomalies, strong southwesterly winds, large-scale moisture convergence, and powerful updrafts over East China, all of which prompt the occurrence of precipitation. The central Siberian blocking activities increase the fraction of the precipitation that falls as snowfall through enhancing cold air intrusion into East China. An Eulerian moisture budget analysis reveals that moisture fluxes across the southern and western boundaries of the East China region provide the moisture for the precipitation during the extreme snowfall events, while the increase in the precipitable water helps extend the duration of these events. The geographic distributions of the evaporative moisture sources for both the snowfall and rainfall during these extreme events are estimated using a Lagrangian approach. This analysis reveals that the major moisture sources for snowfall originate from land areas, while those for the rainfall originate from sea areas. In addition, local moisture recycling over East China provides a remarkably higher relative contribution to snowfall than it does to rainfall. The identification of the synoptic conditions and moisture sources not only improves our understanding of the formation of extreme snowfall events over East China but also provides forecast guidance for extreme snow disasters.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 601-623 |
| Number of pages | 23 |
| Journal | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
| Volume | 124 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 27 2019 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Funding
We thank the Editor and anonymous reviewers for constructive comments that led to improvement of the manuscript. Bin Wang acknowledges the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41875127 and 91737307). Wenyu Huang acknowledges the National Basic Research Program of China (2015CB953703) and Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program (2019Z07L02011). The ERA-Interim reanalysis data set is available at https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/datasets/reanalysis-datasets/era-interim. The observed station data compiled by the China Meteorological Administration can be obtained from http://data.cma.cn/en/?r=data/detail&dataCode=SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_DAY_CES_V3.0. The JRA-55 reanalysis data set is available at http://jra.kishou.go.jp/JRA-55/index_en.html. We thank the Editor and anonymous reviewers for constructive comments that led to improvement of the manuscript. Bin Wang acknowledges the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41875127 and 91737307). Wenyu Huang acknowledges the National Basic Research Program of China (2015CB953703) and Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program (2019Z07L02011). The ERA-Interim reanalysis data set is available at https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/ datasets/reanalysis-datasets/era-interim. The observed station data compiled by the China Meteorological Administration can be obtained from http://data.cma.cn/en/?r=data/ detail&dataCode=SURF_CLI_CHN _MUL_DAY_CES_V3.0. The JRA-55 reanalysis data set is available at http://jra.kishou.go.jp/JRA-55/ index_en.html.
Keywords
- Lagrangian approach
- central Siberian blocking activities
- circumglobal teleconnection
- evaporative moisture source
- extreme snowfall events
- moisture recycling