Abstract
Separation of cathode materials from the current collector remains a challenging task for the recycling of both spent lithium-ion batteries and cathode scraps. Dissolving the organic binder polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) with an organic solvent to recover both cathode materials and Al foils is an efficient and promising method. However, the use of toxic solvents limits their practical application in recycling large amounts of cathode scraps generated during the manufacturing process. Cyrene, a bioderived green solvent, is proposed here for a solvent-based separation process. This study investigated a closed-loop recovery process to reclaim cathode materials, Al foils, and PVDF binder from cathode scraps. Additionally, the reuse of the Cyrene solvent led to a circular recycling process. The Cyrene-based separation process embraces a sustainable electrode recovery and reuse platform and paves the way for battery recycling.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | e00202 |
| Journal | Sustainable Materials and Technologies |
| Volume | 25 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Sep 2020 |
Funding
This research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, was sponsored by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Vehicle Technologies Office (Interim Director: David Howell, Program Manager: Samuel Gillard). This work was done in collaboration with the ReCell Center at Argonne National Laboratory. Characterization was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. This research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, was sponsored by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Vehicle Technologies Office (Interim Director: David Howell, Program Manager: Samuel Gillard). This work was done in collaboration with the ReCell Center at Argonne National Laboratory. Characterization was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE). The US government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US government purposes. DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan ( http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan ).
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| DOE Office of Science | |
| Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Vehicle Technologies Office | |
| US Department of Energy | |
| U.S. Department of Energy | DE-AC05-00OR22725 |
| Battelle | |
| Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy | |
| Argonne National Laboratory | |
| Oak Ridge National Laboratory | |
| UT-Battelle |
Keywords
- Cyrene
- Direct recycling
- Electrode materials
- Lithium-ion batteries
- Polyvinylidene fluoride
