Superparamagnetic properties of metal-free nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots

Muhammad Shehzad Sultan; Vladimir I. Makarov; Frank Mendoza; Muhammad Sajjad; Danilo G. Barrionuevo Diestra; Flavia P.N. Inbanathan; Eli Skelton; Uvinduni I. Premadasa; Katherine Leslee A. Cimatu; Khaled Habiba; Wojciech M. Jadwisienczak; Brad R. Weiner; Gerardo Morell

doi:10.1063/5.0173931

Superparamagnetic properties of metal-free nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots

Muhammad Shehzad Sultan, Vladimir I. Makarov, Frank Mendoza, Muhammad Sajjad, Danilo G. Barrionuevo Diestra, Flavia P.N. Inbanathan, Eli Skelton, Uvinduni I. Premadasa, Katherine Leslee A. Cimatu, Khaled Habiba, Wojciech M. Jadwisienczak, Brad R. Weiner, Gerardo Morell

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

This article reports the superparamagnetic behavior of metal-free nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs). The pulsed laser ablation (PLA) method was utilized to synthesize N-GQDs with an average diameter of 3.45 nm and a high doping level (N/C) of 1.4. Magnetic properties of as-synthesized N-GQDs were explored by performing magnetization vs magnetic field (M-H) and magnetization vs temperature (M-T) measurements. M-H plots measured in a temperature range of 2-300 K revealed the superparamagnetic behavior of N-GQDs. The value of saturation magnetization was found to be directly correlated to nitrogen concentration and a saturation magnetization up to 28.7 emu/g was obtained at room temperature (300 K). M-T measurements with zero-field-cooled (ZFC) and field-cooled (FC) conditions were employed to study anisotropy energy barriers and blocking temperature. A variation in the blocking temperature (T_B) from 288 to 61 K was observed when the external magnetic field (H) was changed from 0.1 to 0.6 T. The origin of superparamagnetism was attributed to the presence of graphitic nitrogen bonding configuration and defect states. The observed superparamagnetic properties along with the optical properties of N-GQDs create an opportunity for developing materials for biomedical applications and data recording devices.

Original language	English
Article number	083904
Journal	Journal of Applied Physics
Volume	135
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0173931
State	Published - Feb 28 2024
Externally published	Yes

Funding

The authors would like to acknowledge support through the NSF Major Research Instrumentation Grant No. CBET-1126350 for access to the Transmission Electron Microscopy facility and support through the NSF Major Research Instrumentation Grant No. 2018520 for access to the Physical Property Measurement System at Ohio University and also partially supported by NASA Cooperative Agreement No. 80NSSC22M0025. We also acknowledge the use of SPEC Lab facilities directed by Dr. Ram S. Katiyar.

Funders	Funder number
National Science Foundation	2018520, CBET-1126350
National Aeronautics and Space Administration	80NSSC22M0025
Ohio University

Access to Document

10.1063/5.0173931

Cite this

Sultan, M. S., Makarov, V. I., Mendoza, F., Sajjad, M., Barrionuevo Diestra, D. G., Inbanathan, F. P. N., Skelton, E., Premadasa, U. I., Cimatu, K. L. A., Habiba, K., Jadwisienczak, W. M., Weiner, B. R., & Morell, G. (2024). Superparamagnetic properties of metal-free nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots. Journal of Applied Physics, 135(8), Article 083904. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0173931

@article{d705f7bb54fc4ae99fde7798096e1179,

title = "Superparamagnetic properties of metal-free nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots",

abstract = "This article reports the superparamagnetic behavior of metal-free nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs). The pulsed laser ablation (PLA) method was utilized to synthesize N-GQDs with an average diameter of 3.45 nm and a high doping level (N/C) of 1.4. Magnetic properties of as-synthesized N-GQDs were explored by performing magnetization vs magnetic field (M-H) and magnetization vs temperature (M-T) measurements. M-H plots measured in a temperature range of 2-300 K revealed the superparamagnetic behavior of N-GQDs. The value of saturation magnetization was found to be directly correlated to nitrogen concentration and a saturation magnetization up to 28.7 emu/g was obtained at room temperature (300 K). M-T measurements with zero-field-cooled (ZFC) and field-cooled (FC) conditions were employed to study anisotropy energy barriers and blocking temperature. A variation in the blocking temperature (TB) from 288 to 61 K was observed when the external magnetic field (H) was changed from 0.1 to 0.6 T. The origin of superparamagnetism was attributed to the presence of graphitic nitrogen bonding configuration and defect states. The observed superparamagnetic properties along with the optical properties of N-GQDs create an opportunity for developing materials for biomedical applications and data recording devices.",

author = "Sultan, {Muhammad Shehzad} and Makarov, {Vladimir I.} and Frank Mendoza and Muhammad Sajjad and {Barrionuevo Diestra}, {Danilo G.} and Inbanathan, {Flavia P.N.} and Eli Skelton and Premadasa, {Uvinduni I.} and Cimatu, {Katherine Leslee A.} and Khaled Habiba and Jadwisienczak, {Wojciech M.} and Weiner, {Brad R.} and Gerardo Morell",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 Author(s).",

year = "2024",

month = feb,

day = "28",

doi = "10.1063/5.0173931",

language = "English",

volume = "135",

journal = "Journal of Applied Physics",

issn = "0021-8979",

publisher = "American Institute of Physics",

number = "8",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Superparamagnetic properties of metal-free nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots

AU - Sultan, Muhammad Shehzad

AU - Makarov, Vladimir I.

AU - Mendoza, Frank

AU - Sajjad, Muhammad

AU - Barrionuevo Diestra, Danilo G.

AU - Inbanathan, Flavia P.N.

AU - Skelton, Eli

AU - Premadasa, Uvinduni I.

AU - Cimatu, Katherine Leslee A.

AU - Habiba, Khaled

AU - Jadwisienczak, Wojciech M.

AU - Weiner, Brad R.

AU - Morell, Gerardo

PY - 2024/2/28

Y1 - 2024/2/28

N2 - This article reports the superparamagnetic behavior of metal-free nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs). The pulsed laser ablation (PLA) method was utilized to synthesize N-GQDs with an average diameter of 3.45 nm and a high doping level (N/C) of 1.4. Magnetic properties of as-synthesized N-GQDs were explored by performing magnetization vs magnetic field (M-H) and magnetization vs temperature (M-T) measurements. M-H plots measured in a temperature range of 2-300 K revealed the superparamagnetic behavior of N-GQDs. The value of saturation magnetization was found to be directly correlated to nitrogen concentration and a saturation magnetization up to 28.7 emu/g was obtained at room temperature (300 K). M-T measurements with zero-field-cooled (ZFC) and field-cooled (FC) conditions were employed to study anisotropy energy barriers and blocking temperature. A variation in the blocking temperature (TB) from 288 to 61 K was observed when the external magnetic field (H) was changed from 0.1 to 0.6 T. The origin of superparamagnetism was attributed to the presence of graphitic nitrogen bonding configuration and defect states. The observed superparamagnetic properties along with the optical properties of N-GQDs create an opportunity for developing materials for biomedical applications and data recording devices.

AB - This article reports the superparamagnetic behavior of metal-free nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs). The pulsed laser ablation (PLA) method was utilized to synthesize N-GQDs with an average diameter of 3.45 nm and a high doping level (N/C) of 1.4. Magnetic properties of as-synthesized N-GQDs were explored by performing magnetization vs magnetic field (M-H) and magnetization vs temperature (M-T) measurements. M-H plots measured in a temperature range of 2-300 K revealed the superparamagnetic behavior of N-GQDs. The value of saturation magnetization was found to be directly correlated to nitrogen concentration and a saturation magnetization up to 28.7 emu/g was obtained at room temperature (300 K). M-T measurements with zero-field-cooled (ZFC) and field-cooled (FC) conditions were employed to study anisotropy energy barriers and blocking temperature. A variation in the blocking temperature (TB) from 288 to 61 K was observed when the external magnetic field (H) was changed from 0.1 to 0.6 T. The origin of superparamagnetism was attributed to the presence of graphitic nitrogen bonding configuration and defect states. The observed superparamagnetic properties along with the optical properties of N-GQDs create an opportunity for developing materials for biomedical applications and data recording devices.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85159285588&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1063/5.0173931

DO - 10.1063/5.0173931

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85159285588

SN - 0021-8979

VL - 135

JO - Journal of Applied Physics

JF - Journal of Applied Physics

IS - 8

M1 - 083904

ER -

Superparamagnetic properties of metal-free nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots

Abstract

Funding

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this