Supernova host galaxies in the dark energy survey: I. Deep coadds, photometry, and stellar masses

DES Collaboration

doi:10.1093/MNRAS/STAA1302

Supernova host galaxies in the dark energy survey: I. Deep coadds, photometry, and stellar masses

DES Collaboration

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Abstract

The 5-yr Dark Energy Survey Supernova Programme (DES-SN) is one of the largest and deepest transient surveys to date in terms of volume and number of supernovae. Identifying and characterizing the host galaxies of transients plays a key role in their classification, the study of their formation mechanisms, and the cosmological analyses. To derive accurate host galaxy properties, we create depth-optimized coadds using single-epoch DES-SN images that are selected based on sky and atmospheric conditions. For each of the five DES-SN seasons, a separate coadd is made from the other four seasons such that each SN has a corresponding deep coadd with no contaminating SN emission. The coadds reach limiting magnitudes of order -27 in g band, and have a much smaller magnitude uncertainty than the previous DES-SN host templates, particularly for faint objects. We present the resulting multiband photometry of host galaxies for samples of spectroscopically confirmed type Ia (SNe Ia), core-collapse (CCSNe), and superluminous (SLSNe) as well as rapidly evolving transients (RETs) discovered by DES-SN. We derive host galaxy stellar masses and probabilistically compare stellar-mass distributions to samples from other surveys. We find that the DES spectroscopically confirmed sample of SNe Ia selects preferentially fewer high-mass hosts at high-redshift compared to other surveys, while at low redshift the distributions are consistent. DES CCSNe and SLSNe hosts are similar to other samples, while RET hosts are unlike the hosts of any other transients, although these differences have not been disentangled from selection effects.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	4040-4060
Number of pages	21
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	495
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/MNRAS/STAA1302
State	Published - 2020

Funding

We acknowledge support from STFC grant no. ST/R000506/1. LK was supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (grant no. ST/P006760/1) through the DISCnet Centre for Doctoral Training. MS and MS acknowledge support from the European Union’s 7th Framework Programme (EU/FP7) European Research council (ERC) grant no. 615929. LG was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 839090. This work has been partially supported by the Spanish grant no. PGC2018-095317-B-C21 within the European Funds for Regional Development (FEDER). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundac¸ão Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovac¸ão, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant nos AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA programme of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant no. 465376/2014-2). This study is based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.

Funders	Funder number
Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia
Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey
DISCnet Centre for Doctoral Training
EU/FP7
Fermi Research Alliance, LLC	DE-AC02-07CH11359
INCT
Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Ministério da Ciência
Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University
National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom
National Science Foundation	AST-1138766, AST-1536171
U.S. Department of Energy	DE-AC02-05CH11231
Office of Science
High Energy Physics
Ohio State University
University of Chicago
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme	PGC2018-095317-B-C21
Seventh Framework Programme	839090, 1138766, 615929
Higher Education Funding Council for England
Science and Technology Facilities Council	ST/P006760/1, ST/R000506/1
European Commission
European Research Council	240672, 306478, 291329
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Generalitat de Catalunya
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad	SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, ESP2015-66861, MDM-2015-0509, FPA2015-68048, AYA2015-71825
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico	465376/2014-2
Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
Seventh Framework Programme
Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine
European Regional Development Fund

Keywords

Catalogues
Supernovae: general
Techniques: image processing

Access to Document

10.1093/MNRAS/STAA1302

Cite this

@article{4c55ed0c23174cb2a6331b83c99e934f,

title = "Supernova host galaxies in the dark energy survey: I. Deep coadds, photometry, and stellar masses",

abstract = "The 5-yr Dark Energy Survey Supernova Programme (DES-SN) is one of the largest and deepest transient surveys to date in terms of volume and number of supernovae. Identifying and characterizing the host galaxies of transients plays a key role in their classification, the study of their formation mechanisms, and the cosmological analyses. To derive accurate host galaxy properties, we create depth-optimized coadds using single-epoch DES-SN images that are selected based on sky and atmospheric conditions. For each of the five DES-SN seasons, a separate coadd is made from the other four seasons such that each SN has a corresponding deep coadd with no contaminating SN emission. The coadds reach limiting magnitudes of order -27 in g band, and have a much smaller magnitude uncertainty than the previous DES-SN host templates, particularly for faint objects. We present the resulting multiband photometry of host galaxies for samples of spectroscopically confirmed type Ia (SNe Ia), core-collapse (CCSNe), and superluminous (SLSNe) as well as rapidly evolving transients (RETs) discovered by DES-SN. We derive host galaxy stellar masses and probabilistically compare stellar-mass distributions to samples from other surveys. We find that the DES spectroscopically confirmed sample of SNe Ia selects preferentially fewer high-mass hosts at high-redshift compared to other surveys, while at low redshift the distributions are consistent. DES CCSNe and SLSNe hosts are similar to other samples, while RET hosts are unlike the hosts of any other transients, although these differences have not been disentangled from selection effects.",

keywords = "Catalogues, Supernovae: general, Techniques: image processing",

author = "{DES Collaboration} and P. Wiseman and M. Smith and M. Childress and L. Kelsey and A. M{\"o}ller and Gupta, {R. R.} and E. Swann and Angus, {C. R.} and D. Brout and Davis, {T. M.} and Foley, {R. J.} and C. Frohmaier and L. Galbany and Guti{\'e}rrez, {C. P.} and C. Inserra and R. Kessler and Lewis, {G. F.} and C. Lidman and E. Macaulay and Nichol, {R. C.} and M. Pursiainen and M. Sako and D. Scolnic and Sommer, {N. E.} and M. Sullivan and Tucker, {B. E.} and Abbott, {T. M.C.} and M. Aguena and S. Allam and S. Avila and E. Bertin and D. Brooks and E. Buckley-Geer and Burke, {D. L.} and Rosell, {A. Carnero} and D. Carollo and Kind, {M. Carrasco} and {da Costa}, {L. N.} and {de Vicente}, J. and S. Desai and Diehl, {H. T.} and P. Doel and Eifler, {T. F.} and S. Everett and P. Fosalba and J. Frieman and J. Garc{\'i}a-Bellido and E. Gaztanaga and Gerdes, {D. W.} and E. Suchyta",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 The Author(s)",

year = "2020",

doi = "10.1093/MNRAS/STAA1302",

language = "English",

volume = "495",

pages = "4040--4060",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "4",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Supernova host galaxies in the dark energy survey

T2 - I. Deep coadds, photometry, and stellar masses

AU - DES Collaboration

AU - Wiseman, P.

AU - Smith, M.

AU - Childress, M.

AU - Kelsey, L.

AU - Möller, A.

AU - Gupta, R. R.

AU - Swann, E.

AU - Angus, C. R.

AU - Brout, D.

AU - Davis, T. M.

AU - Foley, R. J.

AU - Frohmaier, C.

AU - Galbany, L.

AU - Gutiérrez, C. P.

AU - Inserra, C.

AU - Kessler, R.

AU - Lewis, G. F.

AU - Lidman, C.

AU - Macaulay, E.

AU - Nichol, R. C.

AU - Pursiainen, M.

AU - Sako, M.

AU - Scolnic, D.

AU - Sommer, N. E.

AU - Sullivan, M.

AU - Tucker, B. E.

AU - Abbott, T. M.C.

AU - Aguena, M.

AU - Allam, S.

AU - Avila, S.

AU - Bertin, E.

AU - Brooks, D.

AU - Buckley-Geer, E.

AU - Burke, D. L.

AU - Rosell, A. Carnero

AU - Carollo, D.

AU - Kind, M. Carrasco

AU - da Costa, L. N.

AU - de Vicente, J.

AU - Desai, S.

AU - Diehl, H. T.

AU - Doel, P.

AU - Eifler, T. F.

AU - Everett, S.

AU - Fosalba, P.

AU - Frieman, J.

AU - García-Bellido, J.

AU - Gaztanaga, E.

AU - Gerdes, D. W.

AU - Suchyta, E.

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - The 5-yr Dark Energy Survey Supernova Programme (DES-SN) is one of the largest and deepest transient surveys to date in terms of volume and number of supernovae. Identifying and characterizing the host galaxies of transients plays a key role in their classification, the study of their formation mechanisms, and the cosmological analyses. To derive accurate host galaxy properties, we create depth-optimized coadds using single-epoch DES-SN images that are selected based on sky and atmospheric conditions. For each of the five DES-SN seasons, a separate coadd is made from the other four seasons such that each SN has a corresponding deep coadd with no contaminating SN emission. The coadds reach limiting magnitudes of order -27 in g band, and have a much smaller magnitude uncertainty than the previous DES-SN host templates, particularly for faint objects. We present the resulting multiband photometry of host galaxies for samples of spectroscopically confirmed type Ia (SNe Ia), core-collapse (CCSNe), and superluminous (SLSNe) as well as rapidly evolving transients (RETs) discovered by DES-SN. We derive host galaxy stellar masses and probabilistically compare stellar-mass distributions to samples from other surveys. We find that the DES spectroscopically confirmed sample of SNe Ia selects preferentially fewer high-mass hosts at high-redshift compared to other surveys, while at low redshift the distributions are consistent. DES CCSNe and SLSNe hosts are similar to other samples, while RET hosts are unlike the hosts of any other transients, although these differences have not been disentangled from selection effects.

AB - The 5-yr Dark Energy Survey Supernova Programme (DES-SN) is one of the largest and deepest transient surveys to date in terms of volume and number of supernovae. Identifying and characterizing the host galaxies of transients plays a key role in their classification, the study of their formation mechanisms, and the cosmological analyses. To derive accurate host galaxy properties, we create depth-optimized coadds using single-epoch DES-SN images that are selected based on sky and atmospheric conditions. For each of the five DES-SN seasons, a separate coadd is made from the other four seasons such that each SN has a corresponding deep coadd with no contaminating SN emission. The coadds reach limiting magnitudes of order -27 in g band, and have a much smaller magnitude uncertainty than the previous DES-SN host templates, particularly for faint objects. We present the resulting multiband photometry of host galaxies for samples of spectroscopically confirmed type Ia (SNe Ia), core-collapse (CCSNe), and superluminous (SLSNe) as well as rapidly evolving transients (RETs) discovered by DES-SN. We derive host galaxy stellar masses and probabilistically compare stellar-mass distributions to samples from other surveys. We find that the DES spectroscopically confirmed sample of SNe Ia selects preferentially fewer high-mass hosts at high-redshift compared to other surveys, while at low redshift the distributions are consistent. DES CCSNe and SLSNe hosts are similar to other samples, while RET hosts are unlike the hosts of any other transients, although these differences have not been disentangled from selection effects.

KW - Catalogues

KW - Supernovae: general

KW - Techniques: image processing

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85094763086&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1093/MNRAS/STAA1302

DO - 10.1093/MNRAS/STAA1302

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85094763086

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 495

SP - 4040

EP - 4060

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 4

ER -

Supernova host galaxies in the dark energy survey: I. Deep coadds, photometry, and stellar masses

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Keywords

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