Strength stability at high temperatures for additively manufactured alumina forming austenitic alloy

Holden C. Hyer; Sebastien Dryepondt; Yi Feng Su; Yukinori Yamamoto; Bruce A. Pint; Caleb P. Massey

doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2024.116286

Strength stability at high temperatures for additively manufactured alumina forming austenitic alloy

Holden C. Hyer, Sebastien Dryepondt, Yi Feng Su, Yukinori Yamamoto, Bruce A. Pint, Caleb P. Massey

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Several fast-spectrum nuclear reactors designed to generate high power (∼450 MWe) rely on forced convection of media such as supercritical CO₂, sodium, or liquid lead to cool the nuclear core, operating at temperatures up to 600 °C. Cost-effective, high-strength Fe-based alumina forming austenitic (AFA) alloys are a promising candidate for the fabrication of critical nuclear components. This study investigated laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) processing of an AFA alloy composition optimized for improved creep resistance. Electron microscopy revealed an elongated grain structure along the build direction with a fine sub-grain cellular structure decorated with (Cr,Fe,Nb)₂₃C₆ carbide precipitates at the intercellular boundaries. At temperatures of 20–900 °C, the LPBF alloy's superior tensile properties compared to its arc-melted counterpart and other advanced steels (e.g., SS316) were attributed to the distribution of nano-sized carbide precipitates, whereas the high ductility was attributed to the LPBF alloy's elongated grain structure.

Original language	English
Article number	116286
Journal	Scripta Materialia
Volume	253
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2024.116286
State	Published - Dec 1 2024

Funding

Notice: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE). The US government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US government purposes. DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan) This work was originally supported by the US Department of Energy Vehicle Technologies Office . Continued funding was provided by the Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technologies and the Advanced Fuel Campaign Programs of the US Department of Energy's Office of Nuclear Energy . The authors thank Dr. Stephen Taller and Dr. Peeyush Nandwana for their thoughtful comments and advice in reviewing the draft manuscript. Josh Kendall assisted in operation of the Renishaw AM250. Daniel Newberry performed the metallographic preparation.

Keywords

Alumina former
Calphad
High temperature strength
Laser powder bed fusion
Lead fast reactors

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10.1016/j.scriptamat.2024.116286

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title = "Strength stability at high temperatures for additively manufactured alumina forming austenitic alloy",

abstract = "Several fast-spectrum nuclear reactors designed to generate high power (∼450 MWe) rely on forced convection of media such as supercritical CO2, sodium, or liquid lead to cool the nuclear core, operating at temperatures up to 600 °C. Cost-effective, high-strength Fe-based alumina forming austenitic (AFA) alloys are a promising candidate for the fabrication of critical nuclear components. This study investigated laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) processing of an AFA alloy composition optimized for improved creep resistance. Electron microscopy revealed an elongated grain structure along the build direction with a fine sub-grain cellular structure decorated with (Cr,Fe,Nb)23C6 carbide precipitates at the intercellular boundaries. At temperatures of 20–900 °C, the LPBF alloy's superior tensile properties compared to its arc-melted counterpart and other advanced steels (e.g., SS316) were attributed to the distribution of nano-sized carbide precipitates, whereas the high ductility was attributed to the LPBF alloy's elongated grain structure.",

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AU - Hyer, Holden C.

AU - Dryepondt, Sebastien

AU - Su, Yi Feng

AU - Yamamoto, Yukinori

AU - Pint, Bruce A.

AU - Massey, Caleb P.

PY - 2024/12/1

Y1 - 2024/12/1

N2 - Several fast-spectrum nuclear reactors designed to generate high power (∼450 MWe) rely on forced convection of media such as supercritical CO2, sodium, or liquid lead to cool the nuclear core, operating at temperatures up to 600 °C. Cost-effective, high-strength Fe-based alumina forming austenitic (AFA) alloys are a promising candidate for the fabrication of critical nuclear components. This study investigated laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) processing of an AFA alloy composition optimized for improved creep resistance. Electron microscopy revealed an elongated grain structure along the build direction with a fine sub-grain cellular structure decorated with (Cr,Fe,Nb)23C6 carbide precipitates at the intercellular boundaries. At temperatures of 20–900 °C, the LPBF alloy's superior tensile properties compared to its arc-melted counterpart and other advanced steels (e.g., SS316) were attributed to the distribution of nano-sized carbide precipitates, whereas the high ductility was attributed to the LPBF alloy's elongated grain structure.

AB - Several fast-spectrum nuclear reactors designed to generate high power (∼450 MWe) rely on forced convection of media such as supercritical CO2, sodium, or liquid lead to cool the nuclear core, operating at temperatures up to 600 °C. Cost-effective, high-strength Fe-based alumina forming austenitic (AFA) alloys are a promising candidate for the fabrication of critical nuclear components. This study investigated laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) processing of an AFA alloy composition optimized for improved creep resistance. Electron microscopy revealed an elongated grain structure along the build direction with a fine sub-grain cellular structure decorated with (Cr,Fe,Nb)23C6 carbide precipitates at the intercellular boundaries. At temperatures of 20–900 °C, the LPBF alloy's superior tensile properties compared to its arc-melted counterpart and other advanced steels (e.g., SS316) were attributed to the distribution of nano-sized carbide precipitates, whereas the high ductility was attributed to the LPBF alloy's elongated grain structure.

KW - Alumina former

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KW - Lead fast reactors

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Strength stability at high temperatures for additively manufactured alumina forming austenitic alloy

Abstract

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Keywords

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