Statistical detection of Josephson, Andreev, and single quasiparticle currents in scanning tunneling microscopy

Wonhee Ko, Eugene F. Dumitrescu, Petro Maksymovych

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Abstract

We present a method to identify distinct tunneling modes in a tunable superconducting tunnel junction composed of a superconducting tip and a sample in a scanning tunneling microscope. Combining the relative decay constant of tunneling current extracted from I-V-z spectroscopy with its statistical analysis over the atomic disorders in the sample surface, we identified the crossover of dominant tunneling modes between single charge tunneling, Andreev reflection (AR), and Josephson tunneling with respect to the bias voltage at a measurement temperature nearly half of the critical temperature. The method enables one to determine the specific tunneling regime independently of the spectral shapes and to reveal intrinsic modulation of AR and Josephson current by disorder that will be crucial for superconducting quantum information processing.

Original languageEnglish
Article number033248
JournalPhysical Review Research
Volume3
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 2021

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