Small-angle X-ray scattering using coherent undulator radiation at the ESRF

D. L. Abernathy, G. Grübel, S. Brauer, I. McNulty, G. B. Stephenson, S. G.J. Mochrie, A. R. Sandy, N. Mulders, M. Sutton

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

120 Scopus citations

Abstract

A simple approach for producing a high-coherent-flux X-ray beam for small-angle-scattering studies used at the Troïka beamline of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility is reported. For such small-angle studies it is permissible to reduce the longitudinal coherence length of the beam, thus increasing the energy bandpass and intensity of the beam, because there is only a small optical path-length difference. By using mirrors and filters to cut unwanted energies from the undulator harmonic structure, a high-flux beam of >109 photons s-1 through a 5 μm-diameter pinhole at 8.2 keV with a bandpass of 1.3% can be produced. The coherent properties of this beam have been measured by analyzing a static speckle pattern from an aerogel sample imaged by a directly illuminated CCD camera. The speckle size and contrast are compared with the expected values based on a statistical analysis of the intensity distribution of speckle patterns obtained using partially coherent conditions. The expected widths of the spatial autocorrelation are found, but there is an apparent incoherent fraction of the beam which reduces the measured contrast. The method presented is to be used as a tool to optimize conditions for diffraction experiments using coherent X-rays.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)37-47
Number of pages11
JournalJournal of Synchrotron Radiation
Volume5
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 1 1998
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Coherent X-rays
  • Intensity fluctuation spectroscopy
  • Speckle

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