Single fuel RCCI combustion using reformed fuel

Flavio D.F. Chuahy; Sage L. Kokjohn

Single fuel RCCI combustion using reformed fuel

Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper › peer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Dual fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion is a promising method to achieve high efficiency with near zero NOx and soot emissions; however, the requirement to carry two fuels on-board limits practical application. Advancements in catalytic reforming have demonstrated the ability to generate syngas (a mixture of CO and H₂) from a single hydrocarbon stream. This syngas mixture can then be used to enable single fuel RCCI combustion. The present effort uses a combination of engine experiments and constant volume ignition delay calculations to investigate reformed fuel RCCI combustion. NOx emissions and efficiency are found to be a strong function of the engine operating parameters and soot emissions decrease with increasing fuel reforming due to a reduction in the mixing requirements of the diesel fuel. The impact of reformer composition is investigated by varying the syngas composition from 10% H₂ to approximately 80% H₂. The results of the investigation show that reformed fuel RCCI combustion is possible over a wide range of H₂/CO ratios. Replacing CO with H₂ resulted in a more reactive charge, decreased the combustion duration, and suppressed low temperature heat release. The suppression of low temperature heat release was explained through consumption of hydroxyl radicals by H₂.

Original language	English
State	Published - 2017
Externally published	Yes
Event	10th U.S. National Combustion Meeting - College Park, United States Duration: Apr 23 2017 → Apr 26 2017

Conference

Conference	10th U.S. National Combustion Meeting
Country/Territory	United States
City	College Park
Period	04/23/17 → 04/26/17

Funding

target high H2 selectivity in order to maintain high efficiency. This is in contrast to many studies focused on reformer characteristics for fuel cell applications.  Increasing H2% decreased the magnitude of the LTHR. This was shown to be the result of increased consumption of hydroxyl radicals by H2+OH→H2O+H with the addition of H2 and the dominance of the H2 hydroxyl consumption pathway over the CO hydroxyl consumption pathway at low temperatures. 5. Acknowledgements Financial support from the Office of Naval Research contract N000141410695 6. References [1] D. Han, A.M. Ickes, S.V. Bohac, Z. Huang, D.N. Assanis, Premixed low-temperature combustion of blends of diesel and gasoline in a high speed compression ignition engine, Proc. Combust. Inst. 33 (2011) 3039-3046. [2] J.E. Dec, Y. Yang, N. Dronniou, Boosted HCCI - Controlling Pressure-Rise Rates for Performance Improvements using Partial Fuel Stratification with Conventional Gasoline, SAE Int. J. Engines 4 (2011) 1169-1189. [3] W. Hwang, J.E. Dec, and M. Sjoberg, Spectroscopic and chemical-kinetic analysis of the phases of HCCI autoignition and combustion for single-and two-stage ignition fuels, Combust. Flame 154 (2008) 387-409. [4] S.L. Kokjohn, R.M. Hanson, D.A. Splitter, R.D. Reitz, Experiments and Modeling of Dual-Fuel HCCI and PCCI Combustion Using In-Cylinder Fuel Blending, SAE Int. J. Engines 2 (2009) 24-39. [5] M.B. Luong, G.H. Yu, S.H. Chung, C.S. Yoo, Ignition of a lean PRF/air mixture under RCCI/SCCI conditions: Chemical aspects, Proc. Combust. Inst. 36 (2017) 3587-3596. [6] S. Kokjohn, R. Hanson, D. Splitter, J. Kaddatz, R.D. Reitz, Fuel Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) Combustion in Light-and Heavy-Duty Engines, (2011). [7] R.M. Hanson, S.L. Kokjohn, D.A. Splitter, R.D. Reitz, An Experimental Investigation of Fuel Reactivity Controlled PCCI Combustion in a Heavy-Duty Engine, SAE Int. J. Engines 3 (2010) 700-716. [8] D. Splitter, R.D. Reitz, R. Hanson, High Efficiency, Low Emissions RCCI Combustion by Use of a Fuel Additive, SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 3 (2010) 742-756. [9] M.D. Martin, Gaseous Automotive Fuels from Steam Reformed Liquid Hydrocarbons, SAE Technical Paper 780457, 1978. [10] Fennell, D., Herreros, J., and Tsolakis, A., 2014, "Improving GDI engine efficiency and emissions with hydrogen from exhaust gas fuel reforming," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 39(10), pp. 5153-5162. [11] R.F. Cracknell, G.J. Kramer, E. Vos, Designing Fuels Compatible with Reformers and IC Engines, SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-1926, 2004. [12] Shudo, T., Shima, Y., and Fujii, T., 2009, "Production of dimethyl ether and hydrogen by methanol reforming for an HCCI engine system with waste heat recovery – Continuous control of fuel ignitability and utilization of exhaust gas heat," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 34(18), pp. 7638-7647. [13] W.F. Northrop, W. Fang, B. Huang, Combustion Phasing Effect on Cycle Efficiency of a Diesel Engine Using Advanced Gasoline Fumigation, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 135 (2013) 032801-032801. [14] G. Woschni, A Universally Applicable Equation for the Instantaneous Heat Transfer Coefficient in the Internal Combustion Engine, SAE Technical Paper 670931, 1967. [15] F.D.F. Chuahy, Kokjohn, S. L., High Efficiency Dual-Fuel Combustion through Thermochemical Recovery and Diesel Reforming, Applied Energy (Submitted 2017). [16] E. Gingrich, D. Janecek, J. Ghandhi, Experimental Investigation of the Impact of In-Cylinder Pressure Oscillations on Piston Heat Transfer, SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-9044, (2016). [17] B. Grandin, I. Denbratt, J. Bood, C. Brackmann, P.-E. Bengtsson, The Effect of Knock on the Heat Transfer in an SI Engine: Thermal Boundary Layer Investigation using CARS Temperature Measurements and Heat Flux Measurements, SAE Technical Paper 2000-01-2831, 2000. [18] S.L. Kokjohn, M.P.B. Musculus, R.D. Reitz, Evaluating temperature and fuel stratification for heat-release rate control in a reactivity-controlled compression-ignition engine using optical diagnostics and chemical kinetics modeling, Combust. Flame 162 (2015) 2729-2742. [19] H. Wang, Q. Jiao, M. Yao, B. Yang, L. Qiu, R.D. Reitz, Development of an n-heptane/toluene/polyaromatic hydrocarbon mechanism and its application for combustion and soot prediction, Int. J. Engine Research 14 (2013) 434-451. [20] T. Shudo, H. Yamada, Hydrogen as an ignition-controlling agent for HCCI combustion engine by suppressing the low-temperature oxidation, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 32 (2007) 3066-3072. Financial support from the Office of Naval Research contract N000141410695

Funders	Funder number
Office of Naval Research
Office of Naval Research	N000141410695 6

Keywords

Fuel Reforming
Low Temperature Combustion
RCCI Combustion

Cite this

@conference{f28970ab65a94f77afee684361dd74a0,

title = "Single fuel RCCI combustion using reformed fuel",

abstract = "Dual fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion is a promising method to achieve high efficiency with near zero NOx and soot emissions; however, the requirement to carry two fuels on-board limits practical application. Advancements in catalytic reforming have demonstrated the ability to generate syngas (a mixture of CO and H2) from a single hydrocarbon stream. This syngas mixture can then be used to enable single fuel RCCI combustion. The present effort uses a combination of engine experiments and constant volume ignition delay calculations to investigate reformed fuel RCCI combustion. NOx emissions and efficiency are found to be a strong function of the engine operating parameters and soot emissions decrease with increasing fuel reforming due to a reduction in the mixing requirements of the diesel fuel. The impact of reformer composition is investigated by varying the syngas composition from 10% H2 to approximately 80% H2. The results of the investigation show that reformed fuel RCCI combustion is possible over a wide range of H2/CO ratios. Replacing CO with H2 resulted in a more reactive charge, decreased the combustion duration, and suppressed low temperature heat release. The suppression of low temperature heat release was explained through consumption of hydroxyl radicals by H2.",

keywords = "Fuel Reforming, Low Temperature Combustion, RCCI Combustion",

author = "Chuahy, {Flavio D.F.} and Kokjohn, {Sage L.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Eastern States Section of the Combustion Institute. All rights reserved.; 10th U.S. National Combustion Meeting ; Conference date: 23-04-2017 Through 26-04-2017",

year = "2017",

language = "English",

}

TY - CONF

T1 - Single fuel RCCI combustion using reformed fuel

AU - Chuahy, Flavio D.F.

AU - Kokjohn, Sage L.

PY - 2017

Y1 - 2017

N2 - Dual fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion is a promising method to achieve high efficiency with near zero NOx and soot emissions; however, the requirement to carry two fuels on-board limits practical application. Advancements in catalytic reforming have demonstrated the ability to generate syngas (a mixture of CO and H2) from a single hydrocarbon stream. This syngas mixture can then be used to enable single fuel RCCI combustion. The present effort uses a combination of engine experiments and constant volume ignition delay calculations to investigate reformed fuel RCCI combustion. NOx emissions and efficiency are found to be a strong function of the engine operating parameters and soot emissions decrease with increasing fuel reforming due to a reduction in the mixing requirements of the diesel fuel. The impact of reformer composition is investigated by varying the syngas composition from 10% H2 to approximately 80% H2. The results of the investigation show that reformed fuel RCCI combustion is possible over a wide range of H2/CO ratios. Replacing CO with H2 resulted in a more reactive charge, decreased the combustion duration, and suppressed low temperature heat release. The suppression of low temperature heat release was explained through consumption of hydroxyl radicals by H2.

AB - Dual fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion is a promising method to achieve high efficiency with near zero NOx and soot emissions; however, the requirement to carry two fuels on-board limits practical application. Advancements in catalytic reforming have demonstrated the ability to generate syngas (a mixture of CO and H2) from a single hydrocarbon stream. This syngas mixture can then be used to enable single fuel RCCI combustion. The present effort uses a combination of engine experiments and constant volume ignition delay calculations to investigate reformed fuel RCCI combustion. NOx emissions and efficiency are found to be a strong function of the engine operating parameters and soot emissions decrease with increasing fuel reforming due to a reduction in the mixing requirements of the diesel fuel. The impact of reformer composition is investigated by varying the syngas composition from 10% H2 to approximately 80% H2. The results of the investigation show that reformed fuel RCCI combustion is possible over a wide range of H2/CO ratios. Replacing CO with H2 resulted in a more reactive charge, decreased the combustion duration, and suppressed low temperature heat release. The suppression of low temperature heat release was explained through consumption of hydroxyl radicals by H2.

KW - Fuel Reforming

KW - Low Temperature Combustion

KW - RCCI Combustion

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85048989658&partnerID=8YFLogxK

M3 - Paper

AN - SCOPUS:85048989658

T2 - 10th U.S. National Combustion Meeting

Y2 - 23 April 2017 through 26 April 2017

ER -

Single fuel RCCI combustion using reformed fuel

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Conference

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Keywords

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