Abstract
To recycle high-value lithium-ion battery components, it is imperative to efficiently separate electrode materials from current collector foils and to separate cathodes from anodes. This study investigates the delamination behaviors of cathodes and anodes from their respective current collectors in aqueous media. Whereas anode films can easily detach from copper foils in water, the delamination of cathode films does not exhibit the same behavior in water; instead, the cation exchange reaction results in lithium leaching and aluminum corrosion in the presence of water. A buffer solution with surfactant additives has been designed to prevent aluminum corrosion and to improve solution wetting behavior, thereby facilitating cathode delamination. The delamination difference enables the sequential recovery of electrode materials and metal foils at different separation stages, simplifying the traditionally intricate processes within a one-pot recovery system. The recovered materials retain their crystal structure and morphology, and there are no signs of aluminum corrosion or residues on the metal foils. The sequential separation technique achieves nearly 100% separation efficiency for electrode materials from metal foils and over 98% separation efficiency for cathode and anode materials.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 233954 |
| Journal | Journal of Power Sources |
| Volume | 592 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Feb 1 2024 |
Funding
This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE). The US government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US government purposes. DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan).This research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, was sponsored by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office (Program managers: Jake Herb and Tina Chen). This work was done in collaboration with the ReCell Center at Argonne National Laboratory. We acknowledge Kelsey M. Livingston from Oak Ridge National Laboratory for helping us with electrode manufacturing and pouch cell assembly. Characterization was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. This research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory , managed by UT Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 , was sponsored by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office (Program managers: Jake Herb and Tina Chen). This work was done in collaboration with the ReCell Center at Argonne National Laboratory. We acknowledge Kelsey M. Livingston from Oak Ridge National Laboratory for helping us with electrode manufacturing and pouch cell assembly. Characterization was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC , under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE) . The US government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US government purposes. DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan ( http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan ).
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| DOE Public Access Plan | |
| U.S. Department of Energy | DE-AC05-00OR22725 |
| Office of Science | |
| Argonne National Laboratory | |
| Oak Ridge National Laboratory | |
| Wind Energy Technologies Office | |
| UT-Battelle |
Keywords
- Anode
- Battery recycling
- Cathode
- Direct recycling
- Lithium-ion batteries
- Surfactant
