Abstract
Existing studies show sensor faults/error could double building energy consumption and carbon emissions compared with the baseline. Those studies assume that the sensor error is fixed or constant. However, sensor faults are incipient in real conditions and there were extremely limited studies investigating the incipient sensor fault impacts systematically. This study filled in this research gap by studying time-developing sensor fault impacts to rule-based controls on a 10-zone office building. The control sequences for variable air volume boxes (VAV) with an air handling unit (AHU) system were selected based on ASHRAE Guideline 36-2018: High-Performance Sequences of Operation for HVAC Systems. Large-scale simulations on cloud were conducted (3600 cases) through stochastic approach. Results show (1) The site energy differences could go −3.3% lower or 18.1% higher, compared with baseline. (2) The heating energy differences could go −66.5% lower or 314.4% higher, compared with baseline. (3) The cooling energy differences could go −11.5% lower or 65.0% higher, compared with baseline. (4) The fan energy differences could go 0.15% lower or 6.9% higher, compared with baseline.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 520 |
Journal | Buildings |
Volume | 13 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Feb 2023 |
Funding
This material is based upon work supported by the US Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Office of Science and Building Technologies Office (BTO). This research used resources of Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s Building Technologies Research and Integration, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. This work was funded by field work proposal CEBT105 under DOE BTO activity nos. BT0302000 and BT0305000. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle LLC under contract DEAC05-00OR22725 with DOE. The US government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US government purposes.
Keywords
- building control
- building energy
- incipient sensor faults
- sensor impact