Seasonal changes in GPP/SIF ratios and their climatic determinants across the Northern Hemisphere

Anping Chen; Jiafu Mao; Daniel Ricciuto; Dan Lu; Jingfeng Xiao; Xing Li; Peter E. Thornton; Alan K. Knapp

doi:10.1111/gcb.15775

Seasonal changes in GPP/SIF ratios and their climatic determinants across the Northern Hemisphere

Anping Chen, Jiafu Mao, Daniel Ricciuto, Dan Lu, Jingfeng Xiao, Xing Li, Peter E. Thornton, Alan K. Knapp

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51 Scopus citations

Abstract

Satellite-derived sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) has been increasingly used for estimating gross primary production (GPP). However, the relationship between SIF and GPP has not been well defined, impeding the translation of satellite observed SIF to GPP. Previous studies have generally assumed a linear relationship between SIF and GPP at daily and longer time scales, but support for this assumption is lacking. Here, we used the GPP/SIF ratio to investigate seasonal variations in the relationship between SIF and GPP over the Northern Hemisphere (NH). Based on multiple SIF products and MODIS and FLUXCOM GPP data, we found strong seasonal hump-shaped patterns for the GPP/SIF ratio over northern latitudes, with higher values in the summer than in the spring or autumn. This hump-shaped GPP/SIF seasonal variation was confirmed by examining different SIF products and was evident for most vegetation types except evergreen broadleaf forests. The seasonal amplitude of the GPP/SIF ratio decreased from the boreal/arctic region to drylands and the tropics. For most of the NH, the lowest GPP/SIF values occurred in October or September, while the maximum GPP/SIF values were evident in June and July. The most pronounced seasonal amplitude of GPP/SIF occurred in intermediate temperature and precipitation ranges. GPP/SIF was positively related to temperature in the early and late parts of the growing season, but not during the peak growing months. These shifting relationships between temperature and GPP/SIF across different months appeared to play a key role in the seasonal dynamics of GPP/SIF. Several mechanisms may explain the patterns we observed, and future research encompassing a broad range of climate and vegetation settings is needed to improve our understanding of the spatial and temporal relationships between SIF and GPP. Nonetheless, the strong seasonal variation in GPP/SIF we identified highlights the importance of incorporating this behavior into SIF-based GPP estimations.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	5186-5197
Number of pages	12
Journal	Global Change Biology
Volume	27
Issue number	20
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15775
State	Published - Oct 2021

Funding

The work was supported by an Oak Ridge National Lab (ORNL) subcontract (4000167205), and the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Scientific Focus Area (TES SFA) project, the Reducing Uncertainties in Biogeochemical Interactions through Synthesis and Computation Science Focus Area (RUBISCO SFA) project, and the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) project in the Earth and Environmental Systems Sciences Division (EESSD) of the Biological and Environmental Research (BER) office in the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science. ORNL is managed by UT‐BATTELLE, LLC, for DOE under contract no. DE‐AC05‐00OR22725. J.X. and X.L. acknowlege the support by the National Science Foundation (Macrosystem Biology & NEON‐Enabled Science program: DEB‐2017870).

Funders	Funder number
TES SFA
National Science Foundation	DEB‐2017870
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science	DE‐AC05‐00OR22725
Biological and Environmental Research
Oak Ridge National Laboratory	4000167205

Keywords

GPP/SIF ratio
climate determinant
gross primary production (GPP)
seasonal amplitude
seasonal variation
sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF)

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10.1111/gcb.15775

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title = "Seasonal changes in GPP/SIF ratios and their climatic determinants across the Northern Hemisphere",

abstract = "Satellite-derived sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) has been increasingly used for estimating gross primary production (GPP). However, the relationship between SIF and GPP has not been well defined, impeding the translation of satellite observed SIF to GPP. Previous studies have generally assumed a linear relationship between SIF and GPP at daily and longer time scales, but support for this assumption is lacking. Here, we used the GPP/SIF ratio to investigate seasonal variations in the relationship between SIF and GPP over the Northern Hemisphere (NH). Based on multiple SIF products and MODIS and FLUXCOM GPP data, we found strong seasonal hump-shaped patterns for the GPP/SIF ratio over northern latitudes, with higher values in the summer than in the spring or autumn. This hump-shaped GPP/SIF seasonal variation was confirmed by examining different SIF products and was evident for most vegetation types except evergreen broadleaf forests. The seasonal amplitude of the GPP/SIF ratio decreased from the boreal/arctic region to drylands and the tropics. For most of the NH, the lowest GPP/SIF values occurred in October or September, while the maximum GPP/SIF values were evident in June and July. The most pronounced seasonal amplitude of GPP/SIF occurred in intermediate temperature and precipitation ranges. GPP/SIF was positively related to temperature in the early and late parts of the growing season, but not during the peak growing months. These shifting relationships between temperature and GPP/SIF across different months appeared to play a key role in the seasonal dynamics of GPP/SIF. Several mechanisms may explain the patterns we observed, and future research encompassing a broad range of climate and vegetation settings is needed to improve our understanding of the spatial and temporal relationships between SIF and GPP. Nonetheless, the strong seasonal variation in GPP/SIF we identified highlights the importance of incorporating this behavior into SIF-based GPP estimations.",

keywords = "GPP/SIF ratio, climate determinant, gross primary production (GPP), seasonal amplitude, seasonal variation, sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF)",

author = "Anping Chen and Jiafu Mao and Daniel Ricciuto and Dan Lu and Jingfeng Xiao and Xing Li and Thornton, {Peter E.} and Knapp, {Alan K.}",

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T1 - Seasonal changes in GPP/SIF ratios and their climatic determinants across the Northern Hemisphere

AU - Chen, Anping

AU - Mao, Jiafu

AU - Ricciuto, Daniel

AU - Lu, Dan

AU - Xiao, Jingfeng

AU - Li, Xing

AU - Thornton, Peter E.

AU - Knapp, Alan K.

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AB - Satellite-derived sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) has been increasingly used for estimating gross primary production (GPP). However, the relationship between SIF and GPP has not been well defined, impeding the translation of satellite observed SIF to GPP. Previous studies have generally assumed a linear relationship between SIF and GPP at daily and longer time scales, but support for this assumption is lacking. Here, we used the GPP/SIF ratio to investigate seasonal variations in the relationship between SIF and GPP over the Northern Hemisphere (NH). Based on multiple SIF products and MODIS and FLUXCOM GPP data, we found strong seasonal hump-shaped patterns for the GPP/SIF ratio over northern latitudes, with higher values in the summer than in the spring or autumn. This hump-shaped GPP/SIF seasonal variation was confirmed by examining different SIF products and was evident for most vegetation types except evergreen broadleaf forests. The seasonal amplitude of the GPP/SIF ratio decreased from the boreal/arctic region to drylands and the tropics. For most of the NH, the lowest GPP/SIF values occurred in October or September, while the maximum GPP/SIF values were evident in June and July. The most pronounced seasonal amplitude of GPP/SIF occurred in intermediate temperature and precipitation ranges. GPP/SIF was positively related to temperature in the early and late parts of the growing season, but not during the peak growing months. These shifting relationships between temperature and GPP/SIF across different months appeared to play a key role in the seasonal dynamics of GPP/SIF. Several mechanisms may explain the patterns we observed, and future research encompassing a broad range of climate and vegetation settings is needed to improve our understanding of the spatial and temporal relationships between SIF and GPP. Nonetheless, the strong seasonal variation in GPP/SIF we identified highlights the importance of incorporating this behavior into SIF-based GPP estimations.

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KW - climate determinant

KW - gross primary production (GPP)

KW - seasonal amplitude

KW - seasonal variation

KW - sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF)

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Seasonal changes in GPP/SIF ratios and their climatic determinants across the Northern Hemisphere

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Keywords

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