Review of pulsed power-driven high energy density physics research on Z at Sandia

D. B. Sinars, M. A. Sweeney, C. S. Alexander, D. J. Ampleford, T. Ao, J. P. Apruzese, C. Aragon, D. J. Armstrong, K. N. Austin, T. J. Awe, A. D. Baczewski, J. E. Bailey, K. L. Baker, C. R. Ball, H. T. Barclay, S. Beatty, K. Beckwith, K. S. Bell, J. F. Benage, N. L. BennettK. Blaha, D. E. Bliss, J. J. Boerner, C. J. Bourdon, B. A. Branch, J. L. Brown, E. M. Campbell, R. B. Campbell, D. G. Chacon, G. A. Chandler, K. Chandler, P. J. Christenson, M. D. Christison, E. B. Christner, R. C. Clay, K. R. Cochrane, A. P. Colombo, B. M. Cook, C. A. Coverdale, M. E. Cuneo, J. S. Custer, A. Dasgupta, J. P. Davis, M. P. Desjarlais, D. H. Dolan, J. D. Douglass, G. S. Dunham, S. Duwal, A. D. Edens, M. J. Edwards, E. G. Evstatiev, B. G. Farfan, J. R. Fein, E. S. Field, J. A. Fisher, T. M. Flanagan, D. G. Flicker, M. D. Furnish, B. R. Galloway, P. D. Gard, T. A. Gardiner, M. Geissel, J. L. Giuliani, M. E. Glinsky, M. R. Gomez, T. Gomez, G. P. Grim, K. D. Hahn, T. A. Haill, N. D. Hamlin, J. H. Hammer, S. B. Hansen, H. L. Hanshaw, E. C. Harding, A. J. Harvey-Thompson, D. Headley, M. C. Herrmann, M. H. Hess, C. Highstrete, O. A. Hurricane, B. T. Hutsel, C. A. Jennings, O. M. Johns, D. Johnson, M. D. Johnston, B. M. Jones, M. C. Jones, P. A. Jones, P. E. Kalita, R. J. Kamm, J. W. Kellogg, M. L. Kiefer, M. W. Kimmel, P. F. Knapp, M. D. Knudson, A. Kreft, G. R. Laity, P. W. Lake, D. C. Lamppa, W. L. Langston, J. S. Lash, K. R. Lechien, J. J. Leckbee, R. J. Leeper, G. T. Leifeste, R. W. Lemke, W. Lewis, S. A. Lewis, G. P. Loisel, Q. M. Looker, A. J. Lopez, D. J. Lucero, S. A. Maclaren, R. J. Magyar, M. A. Mangan, M. R. Martin, T. R. Mattsson, M. K. Matzen, A. J. Maurer, M. G. Mazarakis, R. D. McBride, H. S. McLean, C. A. McCoy, G. R. McKee, J. L. McKenney, A. R. Miles, J. A. Mills, M. D. Mitchell, N. W. Moore, C. E. Myers, T. Nagayama, G. Natoni, A. C. Owen, S. Patel, K. J. Peterson, T. D. Pointon, J. L. Porter, A. J. Porwitzky, S. Radovich, K. S. Raman, P. K. Rambo, W. D. Reinhart, G. K. Robertson, G. A. Rochau, S. Root, D. V. Rose, D. C. Rovang, C. L. Ruiz, D. E. Ruiz, D. Sandoval, M. E. Savage, M. E. Sceiford, M. A. Schaeuble, P. F. Schmit, M. S. Schollmeier, J. Schwarz, C. T. Seagle, A. B. Sefkow, D. B. Seidel, G. A. Shipley, J. Shores, L. Shulenburger, S. C. Simpson, S. A. Slutz, I. C. Smith, C. S. Speas, P. E. Specht, M. J. Speir, D. C. Spencer, P. T. Springer, A. M. Steiner, B. S. Stoltzfus, W. A. Stygar, J. Ward Thornhill, J. A. Torres, J. P. Townsend, C. Tyler, R. A. Vesey, P. E. Wakeland, T. J. Webb, E. A. Weinbrecht, M. R. Weis, D. R. Welch, J. L. Wise, M. Wu, D. A. Yager-Elorriaga, A. Yu, E. P. Yu

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

175 Scopus citations

Abstract

Pulsed power accelerators compress electrical energy in space and time to provide versatile experimental platforms for high energy density and inertial confinement fusion science. The 80-TW "Z"pulsed power facility at Sandia National Laboratories is the largest pulsed power device in the world today. Z discharges up to 22 MJ of energy stored in its capacitor banks into a current pulse that rises in 100 ns and peaks at a current as high as 30 MA in low-inductance cylindrical targets. Considerable progress has been made over the past 15 years in the use of pulsed power as a precision scientific tool. This paper reviews developments at Sandia in inertial confinement fusion, dynamic materials science, x-ray radiation science, and pulsed power engineering, with an emphasis on progress since a previous review of research on Z in Physics of Plasmas in 2005.

Original languageEnglish
Article number070501
JournalPhysics of Plasmas
Volume27
Issue number7
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 1 2020
Externally publishedYes

Funding

The work described in this manuscript would not have been possible without the contributions of hundreds of technologists and other staff members as well as our external collaborators over the past 23 years of Z operations, particularly those from Los Alamos and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories on NNSA mission science not described here. We would especially like to acknowledge Yitzhak Maron of Weizmann Institute in Israel for his active multi-year support of several Z programs (e.g., x-ray spectroscopy, power flow, and visible spectroscopy). We would also like to thank Tara Camacho-Lopez and Michael Church for their contributions to the narrative and graphics. We would like to honor the contributions of Carlos Cox, now deceased, to the radiography diagnostics developed for Z. Finally, we would also like to acknowledge the many additional retirees and other alumni from Sandia who made contributions over the past 15 years, whom we were unable to contact to add as coauthors but who are represented in the citations herein. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-mission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc. for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-NA0003525. This paper reviews objective technical results and analysis. Any subjective views or opinions that might be expressed do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Energy or the U.S. Government.

FundersFunder number
U.S. Department of Energy
National Nuclear Security Administration
Sandia National Laboratories

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