Reversible swelling of the cell wall of poplar biomass by ionic liquid at room temperature

Marcel Lucas; Greg L. Wagner; Yoshiharu Nishiyama; Leif Hanson; Indira P. Samayam; Constance A. Schall; Paul Langan; Kirk D. Rector

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.087

Reversible swelling of the cell wall of poplar biomass by ionic liquid at room temperature

Marcel Lucas, Greg L. Wagner, Yoshiharu Nishiyama, Leif Hanson, Indira P. Samayam, Constance A. Schall, Paul Langan, Kirk D. Rector

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

53 Scopus citations

Abstract

Time-resolved autofluorescence, Raman microspectroscopy, and scanning microprobe X-ray diffraction were combined in order to characterize lignocellulosic biomass from poplar trees and how it changes during treatment with the ionic liquid 1-n-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIMAC) at room temperature. The EMIMAC penetrates the cell wall from the lumen, swelling the cell wall by about a factor of two towards the empty lumen. However, the middle lamella remains unchanged, preventing the cell wall from swelling outwards. During this swelling, most of the cellulose microfibrils are solubilized but chain migration is restricted and a small percentage of microfibrils persist. When the EMIMAC is expelled, the cellulose recrystallizes as microfibrils of cellulose I. There is little change in the relative chemical composition of the cell wall after treatment. The action of EMIMAC on the poplar cell wall at room temperature would therefore appear to be a reversible swelling and a reversible decrystallization of the cell wall.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	4518-4523
Number of pages	6
Journal	Bioresource Technology
Volume	102
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.087
State	Published - Mar 2011
Externally published	Yes

Funding

The authors thank BIOCAT at the Advanced Photon Source for the use of facilities. Raul Barrea and Joseph Orgel are acknowledged for help with data collection. PL was supported in part by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the Department of Energy. PL, ML, KDR and GW were supported in part by a Laboratory Directed Research and Development grant from Los Alamos National Laboratory (20080001DR). CS and IS were partially supported by the Ohio Third Frontier Advanced Energy Program 2009 grant #09-053 with SuGanit Systems.

Funders	Funder number
Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the Department of Energy
National Institute of General Medical Sciences	P41GM103622
National Institute of General Medical Sciences
Laboratory Directed Research and Development
Los Alamos National Laboratory	20080001DR, 09-053
Los Alamos National Laboratory

Keywords

Cellulose
Ionic liquid
Lignocellulosic biomass
Pretreatment
Wood

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10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.087

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title = "Reversible swelling of the cell wall of poplar biomass by ionic liquid at room temperature",

abstract = "Time-resolved autofluorescence, Raman microspectroscopy, and scanning microprobe X-ray diffraction were combined in order to characterize lignocellulosic biomass from poplar trees and how it changes during treatment with the ionic liquid 1-n-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIMAC) at room temperature. The EMIMAC penetrates the cell wall from the lumen, swelling the cell wall by about a factor of two towards the empty lumen. However, the middle lamella remains unchanged, preventing the cell wall from swelling outwards. During this swelling, most of the cellulose microfibrils are solubilized but chain migration is restricted and a small percentage of microfibrils persist. When the EMIMAC is expelled, the cellulose recrystallizes as microfibrils of cellulose I. There is little change in the relative chemical composition of the cell wall after treatment. The action of EMIMAC on the poplar cell wall at room temperature would therefore appear to be a reversible swelling and a reversible decrystallization of the cell wall.",

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year = "2011",

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doi = "10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.087",

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AU - Lucas, Marcel

AU - Wagner, Greg L.

AU - Nishiyama, Yoshiharu

AU - Hanson, Leif

AU - Samayam, Indira P.

AU - Schall, Constance A.

AU - Langan, Paul

AU - Rector, Kirk D.

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N2 - Time-resolved autofluorescence, Raman microspectroscopy, and scanning microprobe X-ray diffraction were combined in order to characterize lignocellulosic biomass from poplar trees and how it changes during treatment with the ionic liquid 1-n-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIMAC) at room temperature. The EMIMAC penetrates the cell wall from the lumen, swelling the cell wall by about a factor of two towards the empty lumen. However, the middle lamella remains unchanged, preventing the cell wall from swelling outwards. During this swelling, most of the cellulose microfibrils are solubilized but chain migration is restricted and a small percentage of microfibrils persist. When the EMIMAC is expelled, the cellulose recrystallizes as microfibrils of cellulose I. There is little change in the relative chemical composition of the cell wall after treatment. The action of EMIMAC on the poplar cell wall at room temperature would therefore appear to be a reversible swelling and a reversible decrystallization of the cell wall.

AB - Time-resolved autofluorescence, Raman microspectroscopy, and scanning microprobe X-ray diffraction were combined in order to characterize lignocellulosic biomass from poplar trees and how it changes during treatment with the ionic liquid 1-n-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIMAC) at room temperature. The EMIMAC penetrates the cell wall from the lumen, swelling the cell wall by about a factor of two towards the empty lumen. However, the middle lamella remains unchanged, preventing the cell wall from swelling outwards. During this swelling, most of the cellulose microfibrils are solubilized but chain migration is restricted and a small percentage of microfibrils persist. When the EMIMAC is expelled, the cellulose recrystallizes as microfibrils of cellulose I. There is little change in the relative chemical composition of the cell wall after treatment. The action of EMIMAC on the poplar cell wall at room temperature would therefore appear to be a reversible swelling and a reversible decrystallization of the cell wall.

KW - Cellulose

KW - Ionic liquid

KW - Lignocellulosic biomass

KW - Pretreatment

KW - Wood

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Reversible swelling of the cell wall of poplar biomass by ionic liquid at room temperature

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Keywords

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