Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries with high energy and power density are needed for a variety of new technologies. The materials that are used in the cathodes and anodes of these batteries have crystal structures that can accommodate and release lithium over a fairly large composition range. Over 95% of commercial lithium-ion batteries use LiCoO2 cathodes, but the high cost of cobalt makes cheaper alternatives desirable. Knowledge of the redox chemistry and changes in structure during electrochemical cycling is of paramount importance in designing new cathode materials with superior properties. The authors explored the changes in the atomic and electronic structure of nickel- and manganese-based cathode materials using in-situ x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The element-specific nature of the XAS technique and its sensitivity to the local chemical environment make it an ideal tool to study this class of materials.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 25-28 |
| Number of pages | 4 |
| Journal | JOM |
| Volume | 54 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Mar 2002 |
Funding
The authors thank I.J. Davidson, I. Kargina, K. Pandya, X. Sun, P. Whitfield, and X.-Q. Yang for their help with the experiments and for their thoughtful suggestions. This work was supported by the Office of Advanced Automotive Technologies, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under contract number DE-AC02-98CH10886. The work was done under the auspices of the Advanced Technology Development Program and the Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies Program. The XAS experiments were performed at beamline X-11A of the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) in Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY. The NSLS is supported by the U.S. DOE