Recent land deformation detected by Sentinel-1A InSAR data (2016–2020) over Hanoi, Vietnam, and the relationship with groundwater level change

Luyen K. Bui; Phong V.V. Le; Phuong D. Dao; Nguyen Quoc Long; Hai V. Pham; Hong Ha Tran; Lei Xie

doi:10.1080/15481603.2020.1868198

Recent land deformation detected by Sentinel-1A InSAR data (2016–2020) over Hanoi, Vietnam, and the relationship with groundwater level change

Luyen K. Bui, Phong V.V. Le, Phuong D. Dao, Nguyen Quoc Long, Hai V. Pham, Hong Ha Tran, Lei Xie

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

35 Scopus citations

Abstract

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), one of the most commonly used remote sensing methods for observing and monitoring land subsidence, has been applied in Hanoi, Vietnam in several studies with results showing deformation up to 2014. However, freely accessible Sentinel-1 InSAR data have not been investigated thoroughly to date. Here, we investigate the most recent land surface deformation in Hanoi for the period 2016 (Formula presented.) 2020 using Sentinel-1A SAR data. The analysis is conducted on 114 SAR scenes with both the Persistent Scatterer InSAR (PSInSAR) and Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) methods. The GPS-based deformation time series are used to verify InSAR results and borehole groundwater level measurements are employed to evaluate the relationship between groundwater depletion and surface subsidence. The results show that observed deformation from SBAS and PSInSAR is consistent in both spatial patterns and statistics, in which two high-rate subsiding bowls were detected in Dan Phuong/Hoai Duc and Ha Dong/Thanh Tri districts with the mean subsiding rates of ∼5 mm per year. GPS and InSAR deformation generally agree well except for the comparison at the JNAV station after 2017, which can be attributable to the local deformation detected by GPS and the average movement of a 100-m radius area captured by InSAR. An agreement in the drawdown trend between borehole groundwater and InSAR-derived deformation was found at four wells located within or in proximity to the two bowls. The declining rates of groundwater level at about 0.31 m per year were found at the two wells Q57a and Q58a located within the Dan Phuong/Hoai Duc bowl, corresponding to the surface subsidence rates found at 6–8 mm per year. The Q68a well was found to experience groundwater level declining at the highest rate of ∼0.9 m per year corresponding to the subsidence rate of ∼7 mm per year found by InSAR.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	161-179
Number of pages	19
Journal	GIScience and Remote Sensing
Volume	58
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1080/15481603.2020.1868198
State	Published - 2021
Externally published	Yes

Funding

This research is funded by the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under grant number 105.06‒2017.320. The authors would like to acknowledge the European Space Agency for providing freely accessed Sentinel-1 data. We are also thankful to the Nevada Geodetic Laboratory and Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology for supplying GPS data and the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Vietnam for providing borehole groundwater level data. We would also like to thank JPL/Caltech for providing open access to the ISCE and GIAnT software as well as the software developers group at the University of Iceland, Delft University of Technology, and the University of Leeds for providing the StaMPS software package.

Funders	Funder number
Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development
National Foundation for Science and Technology Development	105.06‒2017.320

Keywords

Hanoi
InSAR
Sentinel-1
Vietnam
groundwater
subsidence

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10.1080/15481603.2020.1868198

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title = "Recent land deformation detected by Sentinel-1A InSAR data (2016–2020) over Hanoi, Vietnam, and the relationship with groundwater level change",

abstract = "Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), one of the most commonly used remote sensing methods for observing and monitoring land subsidence, has been applied in Hanoi, Vietnam in several studies with results showing deformation up to 2014. However, freely accessible Sentinel-1 InSAR data have not been investigated thoroughly to date. Here, we investigate the most recent land surface deformation in Hanoi for the period 2016 (Formula presented.) 2020 using Sentinel-1A SAR data. The analysis is conducted on 114 SAR scenes with both the Persistent Scatterer InSAR (PSInSAR) and Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) methods. The GPS-based deformation time series are used to verify InSAR results and borehole groundwater level measurements are employed to evaluate the relationship between groundwater depletion and surface subsidence. The results show that observed deformation from SBAS and PSInSAR is consistent in both spatial patterns and statistics, in which two high-rate subsiding bowls were detected in Dan Phuong/Hoai Duc and Ha Dong/Thanh Tri districts with the mean subsiding rates of ∼5 mm per year. GPS and InSAR deformation generally agree well except for the comparison at the JNAV station after 2017, which can be attributable to the local deformation detected by GPS and the average movement of a 100-m radius area captured by InSAR. An agreement in the drawdown trend between borehole groundwater and InSAR-derived deformation was found at four wells located within or in proximity to the two bowls. The declining rates of groundwater level at about 0.31 m per year were found at the two wells Q57a and Q58a located within the Dan Phuong/Hoai Duc bowl, corresponding to the surface subsidence rates found at 6–8 mm per year. The Q68a well was found to experience groundwater level declining at the highest rate of ∼0.9 m per year corresponding to the subsidence rate of ∼7 mm per year found by InSAR.",

keywords = "Hanoi, InSAR, Sentinel-1, Vietnam, groundwater, subsidence",

author = "Bui, {Luyen K.} and Le, {Phong V.V.} and Dao, {Phuong D.} and Long, {Nguyen Quoc} and Pham, {Hai V.} and Tran, {Hong Ha} and Lei Xie",

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doi = "10.1080/15481603.2020.1868198",

language = "English",

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T1 - Recent land deformation detected by Sentinel-1A InSAR data (2016–2020) over Hanoi, Vietnam, and the relationship with groundwater level change

AU - Bui, Luyen K.

AU - Le, Phong V.V.

AU - Dao, Phuong D.

AU - Long, Nguyen Quoc

AU - Pham, Hai V.

AU - Tran, Hong Ha

AU - Xie, Lei

PY - 2021

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N2 - Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), one of the most commonly used remote sensing methods for observing and monitoring land subsidence, has been applied in Hanoi, Vietnam in several studies with results showing deformation up to 2014. However, freely accessible Sentinel-1 InSAR data have not been investigated thoroughly to date. Here, we investigate the most recent land surface deformation in Hanoi for the period 2016 (Formula presented.) 2020 using Sentinel-1A SAR data. The analysis is conducted on 114 SAR scenes with both the Persistent Scatterer InSAR (PSInSAR) and Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) methods. The GPS-based deformation time series are used to verify InSAR results and borehole groundwater level measurements are employed to evaluate the relationship between groundwater depletion and surface subsidence. The results show that observed deformation from SBAS and PSInSAR is consistent in both spatial patterns and statistics, in which two high-rate subsiding bowls were detected in Dan Phuong/Hoai Duc and Ha Dong/Thanh Tri districts with the mean subsiding rates of ∼5 mm per year. GPS and InSAR deformation generally agree well except for the comparison at the JNAV station after 2017, which can be attributable to the local deformation detected by GPS and the average movement of a 100-m radius area captured by InSAR. An agreement in the drawdown trend between borehole groundwater and InSAR-derived deformation was found at four wells located within or in proximity to the two bowls. The declining rates of groundwater level at about 0.31 m per year were found at the two wells Q57a and Q58a located within the Dan Phuong/Hoai Duc bowl, corresponding to the surface subsidence rates found at 6–8 mm per year. The Q68a well was found to experience groundwater level declining at the highest rate of ∼0.9 m per year corresponding to the subsidence rate of ∼7 mm per year found by InSAR.

AB - Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), one of the most commonly used remote sensing methods for observing and monitoring land subsidence, has been applied in Hanoi, Vietnam in several studies with results showing deformation up to 2014. However, freely accessible Sentinel-1 InSAR data have not been investigated thoroughly to date. Here, we investigate the most recent land surface deformation in Hanoi for the period 2016 (Formula presented.) 2020 using Sentinel-1A SAR data. The analysis is conducted on 114 SAR scenes with both the Persistent Scatterer InSAR (PSInSAR) and Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) methods. The GPS-based deformation time series are used to verify InSAR results and borehole groundwater level measurements are employed to evaluate the relationship between groundwater depletion and surface subsidence. The results show that observed deformation from SBAS and PSInSAR is consistent in both spatial patterns and statistics, in which two high-rate subsiding bowls were detected in Dan Phuong/Hoai Duc and Ha Dong/Thanh Tri districts with the mean subsiding rates of ∼5 mm per year. GPS and InSAR deformation generally agree well except for the comparison at the JNAV station after 2017, which can be attributable to the local deformation detected by GPS and the average movement of a 100-m radius area captured by InSAR. An agreement in the drawdown trend between borehole groundwater and InSAR-derived deformation was found at four wells located within or in proximity to the two bowls. The declining rates of groundwater level at about 0.31 m per year were found at the two wells Q57a and Q58a located within the Dan Phuong/Hoai Duc bowl, corresponding to the surface subsidence rates found at 6–8 mm per year. The Q68a well was found to experience groundwater level declining at the highest rate of ∼0.9 m per year corresponding to the subsidence rate of ∼7 mm per year found by InSAR.

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Recent land deformation detected by Sentinel-1A InSAR data (2016–2020) over Hanoi, Vietnam, and the relationship with groundwater level change

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