Real-Space Observations of Three-Dimensional Antiskyrmions and Skyrmion Strings

Xiuzhen Yu; Konstantin V. Iakoubovskii; Fehmi Sami Yasin; Licong Peng; Kiyomi Nakajima; Sebastian Schneider; Kosuke Karube; Takahisa Arima; Yasujiro Taguchi; Yoshinori Tokura

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03142

Real-Space Observations of Three-Dimensional Antiskyrmions and Skyrmion Strings

Xiuzhen Yu, Konstantin V. Iakoubovskii, Fehmi Sami Yasin, Licong Peng, Kiyomi Nakajima, Sebastian Schneider, Kosuke Karube, Takahisa Arima, Yasujiro Taguchi, Yoshinori Tokura

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

Nanometric topological spin textures, such as skyrmions (Sks) and antiskyrmions (antiSks), have attracted much attention recently. However, most studies have focused on two-dimensional spin textures in films with inherent or synthetic antisymmetric spin-exchange interaction, termed Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, although three-dimensional (3D) topological spin textures, such as antiSks composed of alternating Bloch- and Néel-type spin spirals, chiral bobbers carrying emergent magnetic monopoles, and deformed Sk strings, are ubiquitous. To elucidate these textures, we have developed a 3D nanometric magnetic imaging technique, tomographic Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The approach enables the visualization of the 3D shape of magnetic objects and their 3D vector field mapping. Here we report 3D vector field maps of deformed Sk-strings and antiSk using the technique. This research approach will lead to discoveries and understanding of fertile 3D magnetic structures in a broad class of magnets, providing insight into 3D topological magnetism.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	9358-9364
Number of pages	7
Journal	Nano Letters
Volume	22
Issue number	23
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03142
State	Published - Dec 14 2022
Externally published	Yes

Funding

The authors would like to thank Jan Masell, Toshiaki Tanigaki, Yoshio Takahashi, Max Hirschberger, Wataru Koshibae, Naoto Nagaosa, and Sadamichi Maekawa for fruitful discussions and Mari Ishida for technical support. This work was supported in part by Grants-In-Aid for Scientific Research (A) (Grant 19H00660) and Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists (Grant 20K15164) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) and the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) CREST program (Grant JPMJCR20T1), Japan.

Funders	Funder number
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Japan Science and Technology Agency	JPMJCR20T1

Keywords

3D topological spin textures
3D vector field mapping
Tomographic Lorentz TEM
helimagnet
micromagnetic simulation

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10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03142

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abstract = "Nanometric topological spin textures, such as skyrmions (Sks) and antiskyrmions (antiSks), have attracted much attention recently. However, most studies have focused on two-dimensional spin textures in films with inherent or synthetic antisymmetric spin-exchange interaction, termed Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, although three-dimensional (3D) topological spin textures, such as antiSks composed of alternating Bloch- and N{\'e}el-type spin spirals, chiral bobbers carrying emergent magnetic monopoles, and deformed Sk strings, are ubiquitous. To elucidate these textures, we have developed a 3D nanometric magnetic imaging technique, tomographic Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The approach enables the visualization of the 3D shape of magnetic objects and their 3D vector field mapping. Here we report 3D vector field maps of deformed Sk-strings and antiSk using the technique. This research approach will lead to discoveries and understanding of fertile 3D magnetic structures in a broad class of magnets, providing insight into 3D topological magnetism.",

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doi = "10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03142",

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AU - Iakoubovskii, Konstantin V.

AU - Yasin, Fehmi Sami

AU - Peng, Licong

AU - Nakajima, Kiyomi

AU - Schneider, Sebastian

AU - Karube, Kosuke

AU - Arima, Takahisa

AU - Taguchi, Yasujiro

AU - Tokura, Yoshinori

PY - 2022/12/14

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N2 - Nanometric topological spin textures, such as skyrmions (Sks) and antiskyrmions (antiSks), have attracted much attention recently. However, most studies have focused on two-dimensional spin textures in films with inherent or synthetic antisymmetric spin-exchange interaction, termed Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, although three-dimensional (3D) topological spin textures, such as antiSks composed of alternating Bloch- and Néel-type spin spirals, chiral bobbers carrying emergent magnetic monopoles, and deformed Sk strings, are ubiquitous. To elucidate these textures, we have developed a 3D nanometric magnetic imaging technique, tomographic Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The approach enables the visualization of the 3D shape of magnetic objects and their 3D vector field mapping. Here we report 3D vector field maps of deformed Sk-strings and antiSk using the technique. This research approach will lead to discoveries and understanding of fertile 3D magnetic structures in a broad class of magnets, providing insight into 3D topological magnetism.

AB - Nanometric topological spin textures, such as skyrmions (Sks) and antiskyrmions (antiSks), have attracted much attention recently. However, most studies have focused on two-dimensional spin textures in films with inherent or synthetic antisymmetric spin-exchange interaction, termed Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, although three-dimensional (3D) topological spin textures, such as antiSks composed of alternating Bloch- and Néel-type spin spirals, chiral bobbers carrying emergent magnetic monopoles, and deformed Sk strings, are ubiquitous. To elucidate these textures, we have developed a 3D nanometric magnetic imaging technique, tomographic Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The approach enables the visualization of the 3D shape of magnetic objects and their 3D vector field mapping. Here we report 3D vector field maps of deformed Sk-strings and antiSk using the technique. This research approach will lead to discoveries and understanding of fertile 3D magnetic structures in a broad class of magnets, providing insight into 3D topological magnetism.

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Real-Space Observations of Three-Dimensional Antiskyrmions and Skyrmion Strings

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