Quasi-One-Dimensional Spin Excitations in the Iron Pnictide NaFe0.53Cu0.47As

Yifan Wang; David W. Tam; Weiyi Wang; R. A. Ewings; J. Ross Stewart; Masaaki Matsuda; Chongde Cao; Changle Liu; Rong Yu; Pengcheng Dai; Yu Song

doi:10.1103/5vdj-9wlt

Quasi-One-Dimensional Spin Excitations in the Iron Pnictide NaFe0.53Cu0.47As

Yifan Wang
, David W. Tam
, Weiyi Wang
, R. A. Ewings
, J. Ross Stewart
, Masaaki Matsuda
, Chongde Cao
, Changle Liu
, Rong Yu
, Pengcheng Dai
, Yu Song

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Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Spectroscopic measurements in model 1D correlated systems offer insights for understanding their two-dimensional counterparts, which include the cuprate and iron pnictide/chalcogenide superconductors. A major challenge is the identification of such correlated systems with dominantly 1D physics. In this Letter, inelastic neutron scattering measurements on NaFe0.53Cu0.47As single crystal directly reveal quasi-1D spin excitations, resulting from atomic order that leads to magnetic Fe and nonmagnetic Cu chains. The dominant exchange interaction is antiferromagnetic along the chain [SJ∥≈90.1(3) meV], whereas the inter-chain couplings are much weaker [SJ⊥≈-2.4(1) meV and SJc≈0.15(5) meV]. The quasi-1D spin excitations in NaFe0.53Cu0.47As stem from both the Néel and stripe vectors, with Néel excitations sensitive to Fe impurities on the Cu site. The spin excitations in quasi-1D NaFe0.53Cu0.47As and quasi-2D FeSe exhibit a striking resemblance, suggesting a common origin for their coexistent stripe and Néel excitations. Our findings demonstrate magnetic dilution in NaFeAs leads to dimension reduction of its magnetic degree of freedom, presenting a strategy for discovering low-dimensional quantum materials.

Original language	English
Article number	066503
Journal	Physical Review Letters
Volume	136
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/5vdj-9wlt
State	Published - Feb 13 2026

Funding

This work is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2024YFA1409200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 12274363, No. 12334008, No. 52271037), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 226-2024-00068), and the Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. ZDBS-ZRKJZ-TLC021). The neutron scattering and materials synthesis work at Rice University are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Basic Energy Sciences (BES), under Contracts No. DE-SC0012311, No. DE-SC0026179 and the Robert A. Welch Foundation, Grant No. C-1839 (P. D.), respectively. Experiments at the ISIS Neutron and Muon Source were supported by beam time Allocations No. RB1610394 and No. RB1810055 from the Science and Technology Facilities Council. Data is available at: . A portion of this research used resources at the High Flux Isotope Reactor, DOE Office of Science User Facilities operated by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The beam time was allocated to HB-1 on Proposal No. IPTS-19995.1. This work is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2024YFA1409200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 12274363, No. 12334008, No. 52271037), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 226-2024-00068), and the Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. ZDBS-ZRKJZ-TLC021). The neutron scattering and materials synthesis work at Rice University are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Basic Energy Sciences (BES), under Contracts No. DE-SC0012311, No. DE-SC0026179 and the Robert A. Welch Foundation, Grant No. C-1839 (P. D.), respectively. Experiments at the ISIS Neutron and Muon Source were supported by beam time Allocations No. RB1610394 and No. RB1810055 from the Science and Technology Facilities Council. Data is available at: [78,79]. A portion of this research used resources at the High Flux Isotope Reactor, DOE Office of Science User Facilities operated by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The beam time was allocated to HB-1 on Proposal No. IPTS-19995.1.

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title = "Quasi-One-Dimensional Spin Excitations in the Iron Pnictide NaFe0.53Cu0.47As",

abstract = "Spectroscopic measurements in model 1D correlated systems offer insights for understanding their two-dimensional counterparts, which include the cuprate and iron pnictide/chalcogenide superconductors. A major challenge is the identification of such correlated systems with dominantly 1D physics. In this Letter, inelastic neutron scattering measurements on NaFe0.53Cu0.47As single crystal directly reveal quasi-1D spin excitations, resulting from atomic order that leads to magnetic Fe and nonmagnetic Cu chains. The dominant exchange interaction is antiferromagnetic along the chain [SJ∥≈90.1(3) meV], whereas the inter-chain couplings are much weaker [SJ⊥≈-2.4(1) meV and SJc≈0.15(5) meV]. The quasi-1D spin excitations in NaFe0.53Cu0.47As stem from both the N{\'e}el and stripe vectors, with N{\'e}el excitations sensitive to Fe impurities on the Cu site. The spin excitations in quasi-1D NaFe0.53Cu0.47As and quasi-2D FeSe exhibit a striking resemblance, suggesting a common origin for their coexistent stripe and N{\'e}el excitations. Our findings demonstrate magnetic dilution in NaFeAs leads to dimension reduction of its magnetic degree of freedom, presenting a strategy for discovering low-dimensional quantum materials.",

author = "Yifan Wang and Tam, \{David W.\} and Weiyi Wang and Ewings, \{R. A.\} and Stewart, \{J. Ross\} and Masaaki Matsuda and Chongde Cao and Changle Liu and Rong Yu and Pengcheng Dai and Yu Song",

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T1 - Quasi-One-Dimensional Spin Excitations in the Iron Pnictide NaFe0.53Cu0.47As

AU - Wang, Yifan

AU - Tam, David W.

AU - Wang, Weiyi

AU - Ewings, R. A.

AU - Stewart, J. Ross

AU - Matsuda, Masaaki

AU - Cao, Chongde

AU - Liu, Changle

AU - Yu, Rong

AU - Dai, Pengcheng

AU - Song, Yu

PY - 2026/2/13

Y1 - 2026/2/13

N2 - Spectroscopic measurements in model 1D correlated systems offer insights for understanding their two-dimensional counterparts, which include the cuprate and iron pnictide/chalcogenide superconductors. A major challenge is the identification of such correlated systems with dominantly 1D physics. In this Letter, inelastic neutron scattering measurements on NaFe0.53Cu0.47As single crystal directly reveal quasi-1D spin excitations, resulting from atomic order that leads to magnetic Fe and nonmagnetic Cu chains. The dominant exchange interaction is antiferromagnetic along the chain [SJ∥≈90.1(3) meV], whereas the inter-chain couplings are much weaker [SJ⊥≈-2.4(1) meV and SJc≈0.15(5) meV]. The quasi-1D spin excitations in NaFe0.53Cu0.47As stem from both the Néel and stripe vectors, with Néel excitations sensitive to Fe impurities on the Cu site. The spin excitations in quasi-1D NaFe0.53Cu0.47As and quasi-2D FeSe exhibit a striking resemblance, suggesting a common origin for their coexistent stripe and Néel excitations. Our findings demonstrate magnetic dilution in NaFeAs leads to dimension reduction of its magnetic degree of freedom, presenting a strategy for discovering low-dimensional quantum materials.

AB - Spectroscopic measurements in model 1D correlated systems offer insights for understanding their two-dimensional counterparts, which include the cuprate and iron pnictide/chalcogenide superconductors. A major challenge is the identification of such correlated systems with dominantly 1D physics. In this Letter, inelastic neutron scattering measurements on NaFe0.53Cu0.47As single crystal directly reveal quasi-1D spin excitations, resulting from atomic order that leads to magnetic Fe and nonmagnetic Cu chains. The dominant exchange interaction is antiferromagnetic along the chain [SJ∥≈90.1(3) meV], whereas the inter-chain couplings are much weaker [SJ⊥≈-2.4(1) meV and SJc≈0.15(5) meV]. The quasi-1D spin excitations in NaFe0.53Cu0.47As stem from both the Néel and stripe vectors, with Néel excitations sensitive to Fe impurities on the Cu site. The spin excitations in quasi-1D NaFe0.53Cu0.47As and quasi-2D FeSe exhibit a striking resemblance, suggesting a common origin for their coexistent stripe and Néel excitations. Our findings demonstrate magnetic dilution in NaFeAs leads to dimension reduction of its magnetic degree of freedom, presenting a strategy for discovering low-dimensional quantum materials.

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Quasi-One-Dimensional Spin Excitations in the Iron Pnictide NaFe0.53Cu0.47As

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