Quantum wake dynamics in Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chains

A. Scheie; P. Laurell; B. Lake; S. E. Nagler; M. B. Stone; J. S. Caux; D. A. Tennant

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33571-8

Quantum wake dynamics in Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chains

A. Scheie, P. Laurell, B. Lake, S. E. Nagler, M. B. Stone, J. S. Caux, D. A. Tennant

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Abstract

Traditional spectroscopy, by its very nature, characterizes physical system properties in the momentum and frequency domains. However, the most interesting and potentially practically useful quantum many-body effects emerge from local, short-time correlations. Here, using inelastic neutron scattering and methods of integrability, we experimentally observe and theoretically describe a local, coherent, long-lived, quasiperiodically oscillating magnetic state emerging out of the distillation of propagating excitations following a local quantum quench in a Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chain. This “quantum wake” displays similarities to Floquet states, discrete time crystals and nonlinear Luttinger liquids. We also show how this technique reveals the non-commutativity of spin operators, and is thus a model-agnostic measure of a magnetic system’s “quantumness.”.

Original language	English
Article number	5796
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	13
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-33571-8
State	Published - Dec 2022

Funding

We are thankful to Takeshi Egami for enlightening discussions. The research by P.L. was supported by the Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research and Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. This research used resources at the Spallation Neutron Source, a DOE Office of Science User Facility operated by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. JSC acknowledges support from the European Research Council (ERC) under ERC Advanced grant 743032 DYNAMINT. The work by D.A.T. and S.E.N. is supported by the Quantum Science Center (QSC), a National Quantum Information Science Research Center of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE).

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AB - Traditional spectroscopy, by its very nature, characterizes physical system properties in the momentum and frequency domains. However, the most interesting and potentially practically useful quantum many-body effects emerge from local, short-time correlations. Here, using inelastic neutron scattering and methods of integrability, we experimentally observe and theoretically describe a local, coherent, long-lived, quasiperiodically oscillating magnetic state emerging out of the distillation of propagating excitations following a local quantum quench in a Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chain. This “quantum wake” displays similarities to Floquet states, discrete time crystals and nonlinear Luttinger liquids. We also show how this technique reveals the non-commutativity of spin operators, and is thus a model-agnostic measure of a magnetic system’s “quantumness.”.

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Quantum wake dynamics in Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chains

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