Abstract
This paper presents a wide-ranging analysis of Class 3-8 commercial vehicle electrification by means of developing a framework tool which uses a quantitative method of estimating electric vehicle energy consumption and appropriate charging considerations. The Fleet DNA composite statistics on real-world driving behavior is used to evaluate feasible or market-ready battery electric vehicle (BEV) technologies in medium-and heavy-duty (MD/HD) applications. In the paper, ten representative Class 3-8 commercial vehicle electrifications have been evaluated as a function of various service coverages, including applications in port drayage tractors, refuse trucks, delivery trucks, buses, and bucket trucks. The results indicate significant energy savings and fuel cost savings across all MD/HD vehicle electrifications. The majority of MD BEVs, with the exception of Class 3 bucket trucks, achieve better than a 5-year payback with 50–75% service coverage. For HD BEVs, with the exception of the Class 8 port drayage tractors, the 90% service coverage results in a 10-year or longer payback time, while the 50% service coverage yields a 7–8 year payback. Class 8 port drayage tractors should achieve payback in no more than a 3.5 years with 50–75% service coverage. Thus, the analysis indicates a highly feasible potential for Class 3-6 MD vehicles to be electrified, and feasible opportunities for electrification in Class 7-8 HD short-distance applications.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 109-121 |
| Number of pages | 13 |
| Journal | Transportation Research Record |
| Volume | 2672 |
| Issue number | 24 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Dec 2018 |
Funding
This project was sponsored by Rachael Nealer of the U.S. Department of Energy’s VTO program. The authors would like to recognize Adam Duran of NREL for his helps in Fleet DNA data. We also appreciate the organizers and reviewers for their support and unpaid worker time. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclu-sive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan. This project was sponsored by Rachael Nealer of the U.S. Department of Energy’s VTO program. The authors would like to recognize Adam Duran of NREL for his helps in Fleet DNA data. We also appreciate the organizers and reviewers for their support and unpaid worker time. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan.
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| United States Government | |
| U.S. Department of Energy | |
| National Renewable Energy Laboratory | DE-AC05-00OR22725 |
