Progress towards high-performance steady-state operation on DIII-D

C. M. Greenfield; M. Murakami; A. M. Garofalo; E. J. Doyle; J. R. Ferron; M. R. Wade; M. E. Austin; S. L. Allen; K. H. Burrell; T. A. Casper; J. C. DeBoo; P. Gohil; I. A. Gorelov; R. J. Groebner; W. W. Heidbrink; A. W. Hyatt; G. L. Jackson; R. J. Jayakumar; K. Kajiwara; C. E. Kessel; J. E. Kinsey; J. Y. Kim; R. J. La Haye; L. L. Lao; J. Lohr; T. C. Luce; Y. Luo; M. A. Makowski; D. Mazon; G. R. McKee; M. Okabayashi; T. H. Osborne; C. C. Petty; T. W. Petrie; R. I. Pinsker; R. Prater; P. A. Politzer; H. Reimerdes; T. L. Rhodes; A. C.C. Sips; J. T. Scoville; W. M. Solomon; G. M. Staebler; H. E. St. John; E. J. Strait; T. S. Taylor; A. D. Turnbull; M. A. Van Zeeland; G. Wang; W. P. West; L. Zeng

doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2006.07.081

Progress towards high-performance steady-state operation on DIII-D

C. M. Greenfield, M. Murakami, A. M. Garofalo, E. J. Doyle, J. R. Ferron, M. R. Wade, M. E. Austin, S. L. Allen, K. H. Burrell, T. A. Casper, J. C. DeBoo, P. Gohil, I. A. Gorelov, R. J. Groebner, W. W. Heidbrink, A. W. Hyatt, G. L. Jackson, R. J. Jayakumar, K. Kajiwara, C. E. KesselJ. E. Kinsey, J. Y. Kim, R. J. La Haye, L. L. Lao, J. Lohr, T. C. Luce, Y. Luo, M. A. Makowski, D. Mazon, G. R. McKee, M. Okabayashi, T. H. Osborne, C. C. Petty, T. W. Petrie, R. I. Pinsker, R. Prater, P. A. Politzer, H. Reimerdes, T. L. Rhodes, A. C.C. Sips, J. T. Scoville, W. M. Solomon, G. M. Staebler, H. E. St. John, E. J. Strait, T. S. Taylor, A. D. Turnbull, M. A. Van Zeeland, G. Wang, W. P. West, L. Zeng

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Abstract

Advanced Tokamak research in DIII-D seeks to develop a scientific basis for steady-state high-performance tokamak operation. Fully noninductive (f_NI ≈ 100%) in-principle steady-state discharges have been maintained for several confinement times. These plasmas have weak negative central shear with q_min ≈ 1.5-2, β_N ≈ 3.5, and large, well-aligned bootstrap current. The loop voltage is near zero across the entire profile. The remaining current is provided by neutral beam current drive (NBCD) and electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD). Similar plasmas are stationary with f_NI ≈ 90-95% and duration up to 2 s, limited only by hardware. In other experiments, β_N ≈ 4 is maintained for 2 s with internal transport barriers, exceeding previously achieved performance under similar conditions. This is allowed by broadened profiles and active magnetohydrodynamic instability control. Modifications now underway on DIII-D are expected to allow extension of these results to higher performance and longer duration. A new pumped divertor will allow density control in high triangularity double-null divertor configurations, facilitating access to similar in-principle steady-state regimes with β_N > 4. Additional current drive capabilities, both off-axis ECCD and on-axis fast wave current drive (FWCD), will increase the magnitude, duration, and flexibility of externally driven current.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2807-2815
Number of pages	9
Journal	Fusion Engineering and Design
Volume	81
Issue number	23-24
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2006.07.081
State	Published - Nov 2006
Externally published	Yes

Funding

This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-FG02-89ER53297, DE-FG03-01ER54615, DE-FG03-97ER54415, W-7405-ENG-48, SC-G903402, DE-AC02-76CH03073, DE-FG02-92ER54141, DE-FG03-96ER54373, DE-FG03-95ER54309, and DE-AC05-76OR00033. The authors would like to thank the DIII-D Operations Group for help in carrying out the described experiments.

Keywords

Steady-state
Tokamak

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10.1016/j.fusengdes.2006.07.081

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Greenfield, C. M., Murakami, M., Garofalo, A. M., Doyle, E. J., Ferron, J. R., Wade, M. R., Austin, M. E., Allen, S. L., Burrell, K. H., Casper, T. A., DeBoo, J. C., Gohil, P., Gorelov, I. A., Groebner, R. J., Heidbrink, W. W., Hyatt, A. W., Jackson, G. L., Jayakumar, R. J., Kajiwara, K., ... Zeng, L. (2006). Progress towards high-performance steady-state operation on DIII-D. Fusion Engineering and Design, 81(23-24), 2807-2815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2006.07.081

@article{821a3727975440488022a50d77259fbc,

title = "Progress towards high-performance steady-state operation on DIII-D",

abstract = "Advanced Tokamak research in DIII-D seeks to develop a scientific basis for steady-state high-performance tokamak operation. Fully noninductive (fNI ≈ 100%) in-principle steady-state discharges have been maintained for several confinement times. These plasmas have weak negative central shear with qmin ≈ 1.5-2, βN ≈ 3.5, and large, well-aligned bootstrap current. The loop voltage is near zero across the entire profile. The remaining current is provided by neutral beam current drive (NBCD) and electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD). Similar plasmas are stationary with fNI ≈ 90-95% and duration up to 2 s, limited only by hardware. In other experiments, βN ≈ 4 is maintained for 2 s with internal transport barriers, exceeding previously achieved performance under similar conditions. This is allowed by broadened profiles and active magnetohydrodynamic instability control. Modifications now underway on DIII-D are expected to allow extension of these results to higher performance and longer duration. A new pumped divertor will allow density control in high triangularity double-null divertor configurations, facilitating access to similar in-principle steady-state regimes with βN > 4. Additional current drive capabilities, both off-axis ECCD and on-axis fast wave current drive (FWCD), will increase the magnitude, duration, and flexibility of externally driven current.",

keywords = "Steady-state, Tokamak",

author = "Greenfield, {C. M.} and M. Murakami and Garofalo, {A. M.} and Doyle, {E. J.} and Ferron, {J. R.} and Wade, {M. R.} and Austin, {M. E.} and Allen, {S. L.} and Burrell, {K. H.} and Casper, {T. A.} and DeBoo, {J. C.} and P. Gohil and Gorelov, {I. A.} and Groebner, {R. J.} and Heidbrink, {W. W.} and Hyatt, {A. W.} and Jackson, {G. L.} and Jayakumar, {R. J.} and K. Kajiwara and Kessel, {C. E.} and Kinsey, {J. E.} and Kim, {J. Y.} and {La Haye}, {R. J.} and Lao, {L. L.} and J. Lohr and Luce, {T. C.} and Y. Luo and Makowski, {M. A.} and D. Mazon and McKee, {G. R.} and M. Okabayashi and Osborne, {T. H.} and Petty, {C. C.} and Petrie, {T. W.} and Pinsker, {R. I.} and R. Prater and Politzer, {P. A.} and H. Reimerdes and Rhodes, {T. L.} and Sips, {A. C.C.} and Scoville, {J. T.} and Solomon, {W. M.} and Staebler, {G. M.} and {St. John}, {H. E.} and Strait, {E. J.} and Taylor, {T. S.} and Turnbull, {A. D.} and {Van Zeeland}, {M. A.} and G. Wang and West, {W. P.} and L. Zeng",

year = "2006",

month = nov,

doi = "10.1016/j.fusengdes.2006.07.081",

language = "English",

volume = "81",

pages = "2807--2815",

journal = "Fusion Engineering and Design",

issn = "0920-3796",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "23-24",

}

Greenfield, CM, Murakami, M, Garofalo, AM, Doyle, EJ, Ferron, JR, Wade, MR, Austin, ME, Allen, SL, Burrell, KH, Casper, TA, DeBoo, JC, Gohil, P, Gorelov, IA, Groebner, RJ, Heidbrink, WW, Hyatt, AW, Jackson, GL, Jayakumar, RJ, Kajiwara, K, Kessel, CE, Kinsey, JE, Kim, JY, La Haye, RJ, Lao, LL, Lohr, J, Luce, TC, Luo, Y, Makowski, MA, Mazon, D, McKee, GR, Okabayashi, M, Osborne, TH, Petty, CC, Petrie, TW, Pinsker, RI, Prater, R, Politzer, PA, Reimerdes, H, Rhodes, TL, Sips, ACC, Scoville, JT, Solomon, WM, Staebler, GM, St. John, HE, Strait, EJ, Taylor, TS, Turnbull, AD, Van Zeeland, MA, Wang, G, West, WP & Zeng, L 2006, 'Progress towards high-performance steady-state operation on DIII-D', Fusion Engineering and Design, vol. 81, no. 23-24, pp. 2807-2815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2006.07.081

TY - JOUR

T1 - Progress towards high-performance steady-state operation on DIII-D

AU - Greenfield, C. M.

AU - Murakami, M.

AU - Garofalo, A. M.

AU - Doyle, E. J.

AU - Ferron, J. R.

AU - Wade, M. R.

AU - Austin, M. E.

AU - Allen, S. L.

AU - Burrell, K. H.

AU - Casper, T. A.

AU - DeBoo, J. C.

AU - Gohil, P.

AU - Gorelov, I. A.

AU - Groebner, R. J.

AU - Heidbrink, W. W.

AU - Hyatt, A. W.

AU - Jackson, G. L.

AU - Jayakumar, R. J.

AU - Kajiwara, K.

AU - Kessel, C. E.

AU - Kinsey, J. E.

AU - Kim, J. Y.

AU - La Haye, R. J.

AU - Lao, L. L.

AU - Lohr, J.

AU - Luce, T. C.

AU - Luo, Y.

AU - Makowski, M. A.

AU - Mazon, D.

AU - McKee, G. R.

AU - Okabayashi, M.

AU - Osborne, T. H.

AU - Petty, C. C.

AU - Petrie, T. W.

AU - Pinsker, R. I.

AU - Prater, R.

AU - Politzer, P. A.

AU - Reimerdes, H.

AU - Rhodes, T. L.

AU - Sips, A. C.C.

AU - Scoville, J. T.

AU - Solomon, W. M.

AU - Staebler, G. M.

AU - St. John, H. E.

AU - Strait, E. J.

AU - Taylor, T. S.

AU - Turnbull, A. D.

AU - Van Zeeland, M. A.

AU - Wang, G.

AU - West, W. P.

AU - Zeng, L.

PY - 2006/11

Y1 - 2006/11

N2 - Advanced Tokamak research in DIII-D seeks to develop a scientific basis for steady-state high-performance tokamak operation. Fully noninductive (fNI ≈ 100%) in-principle steady-state discharges have been maintained for several confinement times. These plasmas have weak negative central shear with qmin ≈ 1.5-2, βN ≈ 3.5, and large, well-aligned bootstrap current. The loop voltage is near zero across the entire profile. The remaining current is provided by neutral beam current drive (NBCD) and electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD). Similar plasmas are stationary with fNI ≈ 90-95% and duration up to 2 s, limited only by hardware. In other experiments, βN ≈ 4 is maintained for 2 s with internal transport barriers, exceeding previously achieved performance under similar conditions. This is allowed by broadened profiles and active magnetohydrodynamic instability control. Modifications now underway on DIII-D are expected to allow extension of these results to higher performance and longer duration. A new pumped divertor will allow density control in high triangularity double-null divertor configurations, facilitating access to similar in-principle steady-state regimes with βN > 4. Additional current drive capabilities, both off-axis ECCD and on-axis fast wave current drive (FWCD), will increase the magnitude, duration, and flexibility of externally driven current.

AB - Advanced Tokamak research in DIII-D seeks to develop a scientific basis for steady-state high-performance tokamak operation. Fully noninductive (fNI ≈ 100%) in-principle steady-state discharges have been maintained for several confinement times. These plasmas have weak negative central shear with qmin ≈ 1.5-2, βN ≈ 3.5, and large, well-aligned bootstrap current. The loop voltage is near zero across the entire profile. The remaining current is provided by neutral beam current drive (NBCD) and electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD). Similar plasmas are stationary with fNI ≈ 90-95% and duration up to 2 s, limited only by hardware. In other experiments, βN ≈ 4 is maintained for 2 s with internal transport barriers, exceeding previously achieved performance under similar conditions. This is allowed by broadened profiles and active magnetohydrodynamic instability control. Modifications now underway on DIII-D are expected to allow extension of these results to higher performance and longer duration. A new pumped divertor will allow density control in high triangularity double-null divertor configurations, facilitating access to similar in-principle steady-state regimes with βN > 4. Additional current drive capabilities, both off-axis ECCD and on-axis fast wave current drive (FWCD), will increase the magnitude, duration, and flexibility of externally driven current.

KW - Steady-state

KW - Tokamak

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U2 - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2006.07.081

DO - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2006.07.081

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:33846021972

SN - 0920-3796

VL - 81

SP - 2807

EP - 2815

JO - Fusion Engineering and Design

JF - Fusion Engineering and Design

IS - 23-24

ER -

Progress towards high-performance steady-state operation on DIII-D

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