Probing the electrolyte/electrode interface with vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy: A review

Azhad U. Chowdhury, Nitin Muralidharan, Claus Daniel, Ruhul Amin, Ilias Belharouak

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

17 Scopus citations

Abstract

Over the past decades, Lithium-ion batteries have seen extensive improvements, and as a result are now the primary choice in many applications for their power, energy, and durability. In recent years, battery cost has reduced by orders of magnitude through adoption of new materials and processes. Despite these advances, interfaces in these battery systems are yet to be fully understood. This is seen as a major limitation to further increase cycle life, calendar life, abuse tolerance, and performances. A major obstacle is a lack of comprehensive understanding of the complex dynamic chemical processes occurring at the electrolyte/electrode interface. In this context, vibrational sum frequency generation (vSFG) spectroscopy possesses the unique capability of probing a molecularly thin interfacial layer to obtain molecular-level information through nonlinear optical interaction. Probing the molecular level processes at the interfaces using such a versatile technique would be a game changer in the advancement of current battery research knowledge. This review article summarizes recent vSFG studies on the electrolyte/electrode interface of various electrode materials and nonaqueous electrolytes for LIBs and discusses future research perspectives. Overall, this focused review highlights the advantages and versatility of vSFG that can be used to further advance present-day battery research.

Original languageEnglish
Article number230173
JournalJournal of Power Sources
Volume506
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 15 2021

Funding

This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE). The US government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US government purposes. DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan.( http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan ). Research sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory , managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.

Keywords

  • Alternative-ion
  • Batteries
  • Electrodes
  • Interface
  • Interphase
  • Lithium-ion
  • Solid-state

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