Prepare Ground States of Highly Frustrated Magnetic Clusters on Quantum Computers

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Abstract

Solving challenging problems in physical, chemical, and materials sciences is one of the most promising applications of quantum utility that can be realized on current noisy hardware, considering (i) the direct map (encoding) from the quantum particles and their interactions to the qubits and their entangling gates and (ii) the rapidly improved quantum hardware and advanced error-mitigation techniques. Understanding quantum spin liquid in frustrated magnetic materials is a longstanding challenge in condensed matter physics and the nature of the ground-state phases is highly debated among researchers. Using IBM quantum computers with superconducting qubits, we implemented a variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithm to prepare the ground states of two 12-site cluster approximations of these highly frustrated magnetic materials. The interaction graphs of the two corresponding Hamiltonians are (a) the six-pointed star graph (a unit cell of the kagome lattice) and (b) the cuboctahedral graph (the kagome on a sphere). These are also two instances of Quantum Max Cut problem. With the VQE based on the Hamiltonian variational ansatz acting on a valence bond solid initial trial state, we prepared the ground states and obtained the exact ground energy on simulator and high accuracy on noisy hardware. The deep ansatz necessary to reach the ground state of the cuboctahedral graph indicates that it is a hard instance of Quantum Max Cut.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationProceedings - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering, QCE 2023
EditorsHausi Muller, Yuri Alexev, Andrea Delgado, Greg Byrd
PublisherInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Pages397-398
Number of pages2
ISBN (Electronic)9798350343236
DOIs
StatePublished - 2023
Event4th IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering, QCE 2023 - Bellevue, United States
Duration: Sep 17 2023Sep 22 2023

Publication series

NameProceedings - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering, QCE 2023
Volume2

Conference

Conference4th IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering, QCE 2023
Country/TerritoryUnited States
CityBellevue
Period09/17/2309/22/23

Funding

The work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, National Quantum Information Science Research Centers, Quantum Science Center. This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. We thank IBM Quantum for sponsoring Open Science Prize 2022 and offering the device ibmq_guadalupe.

FundersFunder number
National Quantum Information Science Research Centers
Quantum Science Center
U.S. Department of Energy
International Business Machines Corporation
Office of ScienceDE-AC05-00OR22725

    Keywords

    • NISQ Applications
    • Quantum Computing
    • Quantum Max Cut
    • Variational Quantum Algorithms

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