Polarization-dependent local conductivity and activation energy in KTiOPO4

Gustav Lindgren; Sergei V. Kalinin; Rama K. Vasudevan; Carlota Canalias

doi:10.1063/1.5090475

Polarization-dependent local conductivity and activation energy in KTiOPO₄

Gustav Lindgren, Sergei V. Kalinin, Rama K. Vasudevan, Carlota Canalias

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Abstract

We study the local conductivity properties of KTiOPO₄ using conductive atomic force microscopy in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). We show that domains with opposite orientations have different conductivity values. We investigate the temperature dependence of the local conductivity and report a difference in the activation energy of 25% between different domains. Furthermore, we show that the local conductivity increases with the number of biased-scans. Finally, it is found that the domain wall conductivity previously observed at ambient conditions vanishes in UHV. Our results are discussed in terms of the screening effects and surface conditions.

Original language	English
Article number	192901
Journal	Applied Physics Letters
Volume	114
Issue number	19
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5090475
State	Published - May 13 2019

Funding

The work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division (R. K. V., S. V. K.). The PFM portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a U.S. DOE Office of Science User Facility. C.C. and G.L. are grateful for the generous support of the Swedish Research Council (VR).

Funders	Funder number
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science
Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering
Vetenskapsrådet

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abstract = "We study the local conductivity properties of KTiOPO4 using conductive atomic force microscopy in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). We show that domains with opposite orientations have different conductivity values. We investigate the temperature dependence of the local conductivity and report a difference in the activation energy of 25% between different domains. Furthermore, we show that the local conductivity increases with the number of biased-scans. Finally, it is found that the domain wall conductivity previously observed at ambient conditions vanishes in UHV. Our results are discussed in terms of the screening effects and surface conditions.",

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AB - We study the local conductivity properties of KTiOPO4 using conductive atomic force microscopy in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). We show that domains with opposite orientations have different conductivity values. We investigate the temperature dependence of the local conductivity and report a difference in the activation energy of 25% between different domains. Furthermore, we show that the local conductivity increases with the number of biased-scans. Finally, it is found that the domain wall conductivity previously observed at ambient conditions vanishes in UHV. Our results are discussed in terms of the screening effects and surface conditions.

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Polarization-dependent local conductivity and activation energy in KTiOPO₄

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