Plasma cleaning of the SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source II high energy verification cryomodule cavities

B. Giaccone; P. Berrutti; M. Martinello; S. Posen; A. Cravatta; A. Netepenko; T. Arkan; A. Grassellino; B. Hartsell; J. Kaluzny; A. Penhollow; D. Gonnella; M. Ross; J. Fuerst; G. Hays; J. T. Maniscalco; M. Doleans

doi:10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.25.102001

Plasma cleaning of the SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source II high energy verification cryomodule cavities

B. Giaccone, P. Berrutti, M. Martinello, S. Posen, A. Cravatta, A. Netepenko, T. Arkan, A. Grassellino, B. Hartsell, J. Kaluzny, A. Penhollow, D. Gonnella, M. Ross, J. Fuerst, G. Hays, J. T. Maniscalco, M. Doleans

Superconducting Linac Systems

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1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Plasma cleaning is a technique that can be applied in superconducting radio-frequency cavities in situ in cryomodules to decrease their level of field emission (FE). We developed the technique for Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II) cavities and we present in this paper the full development and application of plasma processing to the LCLS-II High Energy verification cryomodule (vCM). We validated our plasma processing procedure on the vCM, fully processing four out of eight cavities of this CM, demonstrating that cavity performance was preserved in terms of both accelerating field and quality factor. Applying plasma processing to this clean, record breaking cryomodule also showed that no contaminants were introduced in the string, maintaining the vCM FE-free up to the maximum field reached by each cavity. We also found that plasma processing eliminates multipacting (MP)-induced quenches that are frequently observed within the MP band field range. This suggests that plasma processing could be employed in situ in CMs to mitigate both FE and MP, significantly decreasing the testing time of cryomodules, the linac commissioning time and cost, and increasing the accelerator reliability.

Original language	English
Article number	102001
Journal	Physical Review Accelerators and Beams
Volume	25
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.25.102001
State	Published - Oct 2022

Funding

The authors would like to express their gratitude to Dr. Eliane Lessner and the Office of Basic Energy Sciences for supporting the development of plasma processing for LCLS-II and LCLS-II-HE cryomodules. The authors would like to thank LCLS-II-HE for funding the application of plasma processing to the 1.3 GHz nine-cell LCLS-II-HE verification cryomodule. The authors would like to also thank Elias Lopez for assisting and supporting the plasma processing operations at the FNAL Cryomodule Test Facility. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Offices of High Energy Physics and Basic Energy Sciences under Contracts No. DE-AC05-06OR23177 (Fermilab), No. DE-AC02-76F00515 (SLAC), and No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 (ORNL).

Funders	Funder number
High Energy Physics and Basic Energy Sciences	DE-AC02-76F00515, DE-AC05-06OR23177
U.S. Department of Energy
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory	DE-AC05-00OR22725

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10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.25.102001

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Giaccone, B., Berrutti, P., Martinello, M., Posen, S., Cravatta, A., Netepenko, A., Arkan, T., Grassellino, A., Hartsell, B., Kaluzny, J., Penhollow, A., Gonnella, D., Ross, M., Fuerst, J., Hays, G., Maniscalco, J. T., & Doleans, M. (2022). Plasma cleaning of the SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source II high energy verification cryomodule cavities. Physical Review Accelerators and Beams, 25(10), Article 102001. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.25.102001

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title = "Plasma cleaning of the SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source II high energy verification cryomodule cavities",

abstract = "Plasma cleaning is a technique that can be applied in superconducting radio-frequency cavities in situ in cryomodules to decrease their level of field emission (FE). We developed the technique for Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II) cavities and we present in this paper the full development and application of plasma processing to the LCLS-II High Energy verification cryomodule (vCM). We validated our plasma processing procedure on the vCM, fully processing four out of eight cavities of this CM, demonstrating that cavity performance was preserved in terms of both accelerating field and quality factor. Applying plasma processing to this clean, record breaking cryomodule also showed that no contaminants were introduced in the string, maintaining the vCM FE-free up to the maximum field reached by each cavity. We also found that plasma processing eliminates multipacting (MP)-induced quenches that are frequently observed within the MP band field range. This suggests that plasma processing could be employed in situ in CMs to mitigate both FE and MP, significantly decreasing the testing time of cryomodules, the linac commissioning time and cost, and increasing the accelerator reliability.",

author = "B. Giaccone and P. Berrutti and M. Martinello and S. Posen and A. Cravatta and A. Netepenko and T. Arkan and A. Grassellino and B. Hartsell and J. Kaluzny and A. Penhollow and D. Gonnella and M. Ross and J. Fuerst and G. Hays and Maniscalco, {J. T.} and M. Doleans",

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Giaccone, B, Berrutti, P, Martinello, M, Posen, S, Cravatta, A, Netepenko, A, Arkan, T, Grassellino, A, Hartsell, B, Kaluzny, J, Penhollow, A, Gonnella, D, Ross, M, Fuerst, J, Hays, G, Maniscalco, JT & Doleans, M 2022, 'Plasma cleaning of the SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source II high energy verification cryomodule cavities', Physical Review Accelerators and Beams, vol. 25, no. 10, 102001. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.25.102001

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T1 - Plasma cleaning of the SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source II high energy verification cryomodule cavities

AU - Giaccone, B.

AU - Berrutti, P.

AU - Martinello, M.

AU - Posen, S.

AU - Cravatta, A.

AU - Netepenko, A.

AU - Arkan, T.

AU - Grassellino, A.

AU - Hartsell, B.

AU - Kaluzny, J.

AU - Penhollow, A.

AU - Gonnella, D.

AU - Ross, M.

AU - Fuerst, J.

AU - Hays, G.

AU - Maniscalco, J. T.

AU - Doleans, M.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

PY - 2022/10

Y1 - 2022/10

N2 - Plasma cleaning is a technique that can be applied in superconducting radio-frequency cavities in situ in cryomodules to decrease their level of field emission (FE). We developed the technique for Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II) cavities and we present in this paper the full development and application of plasma processing to the LCLS-II High Energy verification cryomodule (vCM). We validated our plasma processing procedure on the vCM, fully processing four out of eight cavities of this CM, demonstrating that cavity performance was preserved in terms of both accelerating field and quality factor. Applying plasma processing to this clean, record breaking cryomodule also showed that no contaminants were introduced in the string, maintaining the vCM FE-free up to the maximum field reached by each cavity. We also found that plasma processing eliminates multipacting (MP)-induced quenches that are frequently observed within the MP band field range. This suggests that plasma processing could be employed in situ in CMs to mitigate both FE and MP, significantly decreasing the testing time of cryomodules, the linac commissioning time and cost, and increasing the accelerator reliability.

AB - Plasma cleaning is a technique that can be applied in superconducting radio-frequency cavities in situ in cryomodules to decrease their level of field emission (FE). We developed the technique for Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II) cavities and we present in this paper the full development and application of plasma processing to the LCLS-II High Energy verification cryomodule (vCM). We validated our plasma processing procedure on the vCM, fully processing four out of eight cavities of this CM, demonstrating that cavity performance was preserved in terms of both accelerating field and quality factor. Applying plasma processing to this clean, record breaking cryomodule also showed that no contaminants were introduced in the string, maintaining the vCM FE-free up to the maximum field reached by each cavity. We also found that plasma processing eliminates multipacting (MP)-induced quenches that are frequently observed within the MP band field range. This suggests that plasma processing could be employed in situ in CMs to mitigate both FE and MP, significantly decreasing the testing time of cryomodules, the linac commissioning time and cost, and increasing the accelerator reliability.

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DO - 10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.25.102001

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AN - SCOPUS:85141577060

SN - 2469-9888

VL - 25

JO - Physical Review Accelerators and Beams

JF - Physical Review Accelerators and Beams

IS - 10

M1 - 102001

ER -

Plasma cleaning of the SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source II high energy verification cryomodule cavities

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