Photocurrent in carbon nanotube bundle: Graded Seebeck coefficient phenomenon

Shen Xu; Hamidreza Zobeiri; Nicholas Hunter; Hengyun Zhang; Gyula Eres; Xinwei Wang

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106054

Photocurrent in carbon nanotube bundle: Graded Seebeck coefficient phenomenon

Shen Xu, Hamidreza Zobeiri, Nicholas Hunter, Hengyun Zhang, Gyula Eres, Xinwei Wang

Quantum Heterostructures

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

Polarized photovoltage of a suspended aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) bundle under uniform optical irradiation is discovered without additional structural modification or bias voltage. Such a phenomenon is very surprising considering the metallic behavior of the overall bundle and zero temperature difference between ends. The photovoltage characteristic time is found similar to the thermal response time under step Joule heating and implies a relation to the thermal behavior of the CNT bundle. A similar thermoelectric voltage is also observed during step Joule heating. Localized laser heating and scanning along the axial direction of the bundle uncovers a linear spatial variation of the local Seebeck coefficient. The Seebeck coefficient linearly decreases from root to tip of the CNT bundle with a rate of a few - µV∙K⁻¹·mm⁻¹. Deep investigation in both the microscopic and macroscopic structures of the CNT bundle reveals that the local alignment of CNT assemblies rather than the minor defects in individual CNTs brings about this linear distribution of Seebeck coefficient in space. The finding presents a new way for direct photon-to-electric energy conversion via Seebeck coefficient grading in CNT structures.

Original language	English
Article number	106054
Journal	Nano Energy
Volume	86
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106054
State	Published - Aug 2021

Funding

Support of this work by National Science Foundation ( CBET1930866 and CMMI2032464 for X.W), Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning, and China Scholarship Council (S.X.), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51876113 for S.X. and H.Z) is gratefully acknowledged. The work by G.E. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Materials Sciences and Engineering Division .

Funders	Funder number
National Science Foundation	CBET1930866, CMMI2032464
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science
Basic Energy Sciences
Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering
National Natural Science Foundation of China	51876113
China Scholarship Council
Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning

Keywords

Carbon nanotube bundle
Graded Seebeck coefficient
Polarized photovoltage
Structural manipulation
Thermoelectric effect

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10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106054

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title = "Photocurrent in carbon nanotube bundle: Graded Seebeck coefficient phenomenon",

abstract = "Polarized photovoltage of a suspended aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) bundle under uniform optical irradiation is discovered without additional structural modification or bias voltage. Such a phenomenon is very surprising considering the metallic behavior of the overall bundle and zero temperature difference between ends. The photovoltage characteristic time is found similar to the thermal response time under step Joule heating and implies a relation to the thermal behavior of the CNT bundle. A similar thermoelectric voltage is also observed during step Joule heating. Localized laser heating and scanning along the axial direction of the bundle uncovers a linear spatial variation of the local Seebeck coefficient. The Seebeck coefficient linearly decreases from root to tip of the CNT bundle with a rate of a few - µV∙K−1·mm−1. Deep investigation in both the microscopic and macroscopic structures of the CNT bundle reveals that the local alignment of CNT assemblies rather than the minor defects in individual CNTs brings about this linear distribution of Seebeck coefficient in space. The finding presents a new way for direct photon-to-electric energy conversion via Seebeck coefficient grading in CNT structures.",

keywords = "Carbon nanotube bundle, Graded Seebeck coefficient, Polarized photovoltage, Structural manipulation, Thermoelectric effect",

author = "Shen Xu and Hamidreza Zobeiri and Nicholas Hunter and Hengyun Zhang and Gyula Eres and Xinwei Wang",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Ltd",

year = "2021",

month = aug,

doi = "10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106054",

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T2 - Graded Seebeck coefficient phenomenon

AU - Xu, Shen

AU - Zobeiri, Hamidreza

AU - Hunter, Nicholas

AU - Zhang, Hengyun

AU - Eres, Gyula

AU - Wang, Xinwei

PY - 2021/8

Y1 - 2021/8

N2 - Polarized photovoltage of a suspended aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) bundle under uniform optical irradiation is discovered without additional structural modification or bias voltage. Such a phenomenon is very surprising considering the metallic behavior of the overall bundle and zero temperature difference between ends. The photovoltage characteristic time is found similar to the thermal response time under step Joule heating and implies a relation to the thermal behavior of the CNT bundle. A similar thermoelectric voltage is also observed during step Joule heating. Localized laser heating and scanning along the axial direction of the bundle uncovers a linear spatial variation of the local Seebeck coefficient. The Seebeck coefficient linearly decreases from root to tip of the CNT bundle with a rate of a few - µV∙K−1·mm−1. Deep investigation in both the microscopic and macroscopic structures of the CNT bundle reveals that the local alignment of CNT assemblies rather than the minor defects in individual CNTs brings about this linear distribution of Seebeck coefficient in space. The finding presents a new way for direct photon-to-electric energy conversion via Seebeck coefficient grading in CNT structures.

AB - Polarized photovoltage of a suspended aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) bundle under uniform optical irradiation is discovered without additional structural modification or bias voltage. Such a phenomenon is very surprising considering the metallic behavior of the overall bundle and zero temperature difference between ends. The photovoltage characteristic time is found similar to the thermal response time under step Joule heating and implies a relation to the thermal behavior of the CNT bundle. A similar thermoelectric voltage is also observed during step Joule heating. Localized laser heating and scanning along the axial direction of the bundle uncovers a linear spatial variation of the local Seebeck coefficient. The Seebeck coefficient linearly decreases from root to tip of the CNT bundle with a rate of a few - µV∙K−1·mm−1. Deep investigation in both the microscopic and macroscopic structures of the CNT bundle reveals that the local alignment of CNT assemblies rather than the minor defects in individual CNTs brings about this linear distribution of Seebeck coefficient in space. The finding presents a new way for direct photon-to-electric energy conversion via Seebeck coefficient grading in CNT structures.

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KW - Graded Seebeck coefficient

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KW - Structural manipulation

KW - Thermoelectric effect

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Photocurrent in carbon nanotube bundle: Graded Seebeck coefficient phenomenon

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