Abstract
The world is currently suffering socially, economically, and politically from the recent pandemic outbreak due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and those in hospitals, schools, and elderly nursing homes face enhanced threats. Healthcare textiles, such as masks and medical staff gowns, are susceptible to contamination of various pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can potentially address these challenges due to their tunable reactivity and ability to be incorporated as porous coatings on textile materials. Here, we report how incorporating titanium into the zirconium-pyrene-based MOF NU-1000, denoted as NU-1012, generates a highly reactive biocidal photocatalyst. This MOF features a rare ligand migration phenomenon, and both the Ti/Zr center and the pyrene linker act synergistically as dual active centers and widen the absorption band for this material, which results in enhanced reactive oxygen species generation upon visible light irradiation. Additionally, we found that the ligand migration process is generally applicable to other csq topology Zr-MOFs. Importantly, NU-1012 can be easily incorporated onto cotton textile cloths as a coating, and the resulting composite material demonstrates fast and potent biocidal activity against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis), and T7 bacteriophage virus with up to a 7-log(99.99999%) reduction within 1 h under simulated daylight.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 12192-12201 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Journal of the American Chemical Society |
| Volume | 144 |
| Issue number | 27 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jul 13 2022 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Funding
The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (HDTRA1-18-1-0003 and HDTRA1-19-1-0007) the Army Research Office (W911NF1910340), the Inorganometallic Catalyst Design Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the DOE Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences (DESC0012702), and the Northwestern University Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP), funded by the DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Award Number DE-FG02- 03ER15457). EPR spectroscopy was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award DE-FG02-99ER14999 (M.R.W.). This work made use of the J.B. Cohen X-ray Diffraction Facility supported by the MRSEC program of the National Science Foundation (DMR-1720139) at the Materials Research Center of Northwestern University. ICP-OES metal analysis was performed at the Northwestern University Quantitative Bio-element Imaging Center. This work made use of Keck-II and EPIC facilities of the NUANCE Center at Northwestern University, which has received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource (NSF NNCI-1542205); the MRSEC program (NSF DMR-1720139) at the Materials Research Center; the International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN); the Keck Foundation; and the State of Illinois, through the IIN. This work made use of the IMSERC at Northwestern University, which has received support from the NSF (CHE-1048773 and DMR-0521267); the SHyNE Resource (NSF NNCI-1542205); the State of Illinois and IIN. K.O.K. gratefully acknowledges support from the IIN Postdoctoral Fellowship and the Northwestern University International Institute for Nanotechnology. T.G., D.R. and L.G. acknowledge the University of Chicago Research Computing Center for computing resources and Dario Campisi for helpful discussions. The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (HDTRA1-18-1-0003 and HDTRA1-19-1-0007), the Army Research Office (W911NF1910340), the Inorganometallic Catalyst Design Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the DOE, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences (DESC0012702), and the Northwestern University Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP), funded by the DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Award Number DE-FG02- 03ER15457). EPR spectroscopy was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award DE-FG02-99ER14999 (M.R.W.). This work made use of the J.B. Cohen X-ray Diffraction Facility supported by the MRSEC program of the National Science Foundation (DMR-1720139) at the Materials Research Center of Northwestern University. ICP-OES metal analysis was performed at the Northwestern University Quantitative Bio-element Imaging Center. This work made use of Keck-II and EPIC facilities of the NUANCE Center at Northwestern University, which has received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource (NSF NNCI-1542205); the MRSEC program (NSF DMR-1720139) at the Materials Research Center; the International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN); the Keck Foundation; and the State of Illinois, through the IIN. This work made use of the IMSERC at Northwestern University, which has received support from the NSF (CHE-1048773 and DMR-0521267); the SHyNE Resource (NSF NNCI-1542205); the State of Illinois and IIN. K.O.K. gratefully acknowledges support from the IIN Postdoctoral Fellowship and the Northwestern University International Institute for Nanotechnology. T.G., D.R., and L.G. acknowledge the University of Chicago Research Computing Center for computing resources and Dario Campisi for helpful discussions.
