Particle control and plasma performance in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment

R. Majeski; T. Abrams; D. Boyle; E. Granstedt; J. Hare; C. M. Jacobson; R. Kaita; T. Kozub; B. Leblanc; D. P. Lundberg; M. Lucia; E. Merino; J. Schmitt; D. Stotler; T. M. Biewer; J. M. Canik; T. K. Gray; R. Maingi; A. G. McLean; S. Kubota; W. A. Peebles; P. Beiersdorfer; J. H.T. Clementson; K. Tritz

doi:10.1063/1.4802195

Particle control and plasma performance in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment

R. Majeski, T. Abrams, D. Boyle, E. Granstedt, J. Hare, C. M. Jacobson, R. Kaita, T. Kozub, B. Leblanc, D. P. Lundberg, M. Lucia, E. Merino, J. Schmitt, D. Stotler, T. M. Biewer, J. M. Canik, T. K. Gray, R. Maingi, A. G. McLean, S. KubotaW. A. Peebles, P. Beiersdorfer, J. H.T. Clementson, K. Tritz

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

26 Scopus citations

Abstract

The Lithium Tokamak eXperiment is a small, low aspect ratio tokamak [Majeski, Nucl. Fusion 49, 055014 (2009)], which is fitted with a stainless steel-clad copper liner, conformal to the last closed flux surface. The liner can be heated to 350 °C. Several gas fueling systems, including supersonic gas injection and molecular cluster injection, have been studied and produce fueling efficiencies up to 35%. Discharges are strongly affected by wall conditioning. Discharges without lithium wall coatings are limited to plasma currents of order 10 kA, and discharge durations of order 5 ms. With solid lithium coatings discharge currents exceed 70 kA, and discharge durations exceed 30 ms. Heating the lithium wall coating, however, results in a prompt degradation of the discharge, at the melting point of lithium. These results suggest that the simplest approach to implementing liquid lithium walls in a tokamak - thin, evaporated, liquefied coatings of lithium - does not produce an adequately clean surface.

Original language	English
Article number	056103
Journal	Physics of Plasmas
Volume	20
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4802195
State	Published - May 2013

Funding

This work supported by USDoE Contract Nos. DE-AC02-09CH11466 and DE-AC05-00OR22725.

Funders	Funder number
U.S. Department of Energy	DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC02-09CH11466

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1063/1.4802195

Cite this

Majeski, R., Abrams, T., Boyle, D., Granstedt, E., Hare, J., Jacobson, C. M., Kaita, R., Kozub, T., Leblanc, B., Lundberg, D. P., Lucia, M., Merino, E., Schmitt, J., Stotler, D., Biewer, T. M., Canik, J. M., Gray, T. K., Maingi, R., McLean, A. G., ... Tritz, K. (2013). Particle control and plasma performance in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment. Physics of Plasmas, 20(5), Article 056103. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4802195

@article{d5819ebb9c304131a23ccc089c195feb,

title = "Particle control and plasma performance in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment",

abstract = "The Lithium Tokamak eXperiment is a small, low aspect ratio tokamak [Majeski, Nucl. Fusion 49, 055014 (2009)], which is fitted with a stainless steel-clad copper liner, conformal to the last closed flux surface. The liner can be heated to 350 °C. Several gas fueling systems, including supersonic gas injection and molecular cluster injection, have been studied and produce fueling efficiencies up to 35%. Discharges are strongly affected by wall conditioning. Discharges without lithium wall coatings are limited to plasma currents of order 10 kA, and discharge durations of order 5 ms. With solid lithium coatings discharge currents exceed 70 kA, and discharge durations exceed 30 ms. Heating the lithium wall coating, however, results in a prompt degradation of the discharge, at the melting point of lithium. These results suggest that the simplest approach to implementing liquid lithium walls in a tokamak - thin, evaporated, liquefied coatings of lithium - does not produce an adequately clean surface.",

author = "R. Majeski and T. Abrams and D. Boyle and E. Granstedt and J. Hare and Jacobson, {C. M.} and R. Kaita and T. Kozub and B. Leblanc and Lundberg, {D. P.} and M. Lucia and E. Merino and J. Schmitt and D. Stotler and Biewer, {T. M.} and Canik, {J. M.} and Gray, {T. K.} and R. Maingi and McLean, {A. G.} and S. Kubota and Peebles, {W. A.} and P. Beiersdorfer and Clementson, {J. H.T.} and K. Tritz",

year = "2013",

month = may,

doi = "10.1063/1.4802195",

language = "English",

volume = "20",

journal = "Physics of Plasmas",

issn = "1070-664X",

publisher = "American Institute of Physics",

number = "5",

}

Majeski, R, Abrams, T, Boyle, D, Granstedt, E, Hare, J, Jacobson, CM, Kaita, R, Kozub, T, Leblanc, B, Lundberg, DP, Lucia, M, Merino, E, Schmitt, J, Stotler, D, Biewer, TM , Canik, JM , Gray, TK, Maingi, R, McLean, AG, Kubota, S, Peebles, WA, Beiersdorfer, P, Clementson, JHT & Tritz, K 2013, 'Particle control and plasma performance in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment', Physics of Plasmas, vol. 20, no. 5, 056103. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4802195

TY - JOUR

T1 - Particle control and plasma performance in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment

AU - Majeski, R.

AU - Abrams, T.

AU - Boyle, D.

AU - Granstedt, E.

AU - Hare, J.

AU - Jacobson, C. M.

AU - Kaita, R.

AU - Kozub, T.

AU - Leblanc, B.

AU - Lundberg, D. P.

AU - Lucia, M.

AU - Merino, E.

AU - Schmitt, J.

AU - Stotler, D.

AU - Biewer, T. M.

AU - Canik, J. M.

AU - Gray, T. K.

AU - Maingi, R.

AU - McLean, A. G.

AU - Kubota, S.

AU - Peebles, W. A.

AU - Beiersdorfer, P.

AU - Clementson, J. H.T.

AU - Tritz, K.

PY - 2013/5

Y1 - 2013/5

N2 - The Lithium Tokamak eXperiment is a small, low aspect ratio tokamak [Majeski, Nucl. Fusion 49, 055014 (2009)], which is fitted with a stainless steel-clad copper liner, conformal to the last closed flux surface. The liner can be heated to 350 °C. Several gas fueling systems, including supersonic gas injection and molecular cluster injection, have been studied and produce fueling efficiencies up to 35%. Discharges are strongly affected by wall conditioning. Discharges without lithium wall coatings are limited to plasma currents of order 10 kA, and discharge durations of order 5 ms. With solid lithium coatings discharge currents exceed 70 kA, and discharge durations exceed 30 ms. Heating the lithium wall coating, however, results in a prompt degradation of the discharge, at the melting point of lithium. These results suggest that the simplest approach to implementing liquid lithium walls in a tokamak - thin, evaporated, liquefied coatings of lithium - does not produce an adequately clean surface.

AB - The Lithium Tokamak eXperiment is a small, low aspect ratio tokamak [Majeski, Nucl. Fusion 49, 055014 (2009)], which is fitted with a stainless steel-clad copper liner, conformal to the last closed flux surface. The liner can be heated to 350 °C. Several gas fueling systems, including supersonic gas injection and molecular cluster injection, have been studied and produce fueling efficiencies up to 35%. Discharges are strongly affected by wall conditioning. Discharges without lithium wall coatings are limited to plasma currents of order 10 kA, and discharge durations of order 5 ms. With solid lithium coatings discharge currents exceed 70 kA, and discharge durations exceed 30 ms. Heating the lithium wall coating, however, results in a prompt degradation of the discharge, at the melting point of lithium. These results suggest that the simplest approach to implementing liquid lithium walls in a tokamak - thin, evaporated, liquefied coatings of lithium - does not produce an adequately clean surface.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84878919927&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1063/1.4802195

DO - 10.1063/1.4802195

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84878919927

SN - 1070-664X

VL - 20

JO - Physics of Plasmas

JF - Physics of Plasmas

IS - 5

M1 - 056103

ER -

Particle control and plasma performance in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this